1260

1260 in various
Minguo calendar
	652 before ROC; 民前652年
Nanakshahi calendar	−208
Thai solar calendar	1802–1803
Tibetan calendar	阴土羊年; (female Earth-Goat); 1386 or 1005 or 233; — to —; 阳金猴年; (male Iron-Monkey); 1387 or 1006 or 234

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century; 13th century ; 14th century;
Decades:	1240s; 1250s; 1260s ; 1270s; 1280s;
Years:	1257; 1258; 1259; 1260 ; 1261; 1262; 1263;

Kublai Khan becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire.

Year 1260 (MCCLX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar

.

Events

By place

Africa

Baibars, who seizes power for himself.^[1]^[2]

The civil servant and bard longing for lost
Marinid ruler.^[3]

The Arba'a Rukun Mosque is completed in Mogadishu. The Arba'a Rukun Mosque (Arabic: أربع روكون), also known as Arba Rucun, is a mosque in the medieval district Shangani, Mogadishu, Somalia.^[4]

Asia

The
Great Khan.^[5]

May 5 – Kublai Khan becomes a claimant to the Mongol Empire, after the death of Möngke Khan.^[5]
Southern Song Dynasty. Chancellor Jia Sidao imprisons the entire embassy of Kublai. This slight will not be forgotten by Kublai, but he is unable to assault the Song, due to the civil war with his rival brother Ariq Böke.^{[citation needed}
]

Mamluks defeat the Mongols, marking their first decisive defeat, and the point of maximum expansion of the Mongol Empire. Isa ibn Muhanna is appointed amir al-ʿarab under the Mamluks.^[6]^[7]

The
Southern Song Dynasty of China.^[8]

The Japanese Shōgen era ends, and the Bun'ō era begins.^[9]^[10]

Europe

July 12 – Battle of Kressenbrunn: King Ottokar II of Bohemia captures Styria from King Béla IV of Hungary.^[11]
July 13 – Livonian Crusade: The Baltic Samogitians and Curonians of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania decisively defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Durbe. This leads the Estonians of Saaremaa Island to once again rebel against the Livonian Order.^[12]
Guelphs.^[13]^[14]

September 20 – Second of the two major Prussian uprisings by the Old Prussian tribe of Balts against the Teutonic Order begins.
The
Saxony-Wittenberg, marking the end of the first Saxon state.^[15]

War breaks out in the
Bishopry of Sion defends against an invasion by the County of Savoy.^{[citation needed}
]

Croatia is divided into two sub-regions ruled by ban: the Croatian region on the south and Slavonian region on the north, by King Béla IV of Hungary.^[16]^[17]

By topic

Arts and culture

Cathedral of Chartres is dedicated in the presence of King Louis IX of France (the cathedral is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site).^[18]

medieval best-seller.^[19]^[20]

The
Basilica di San Miniato al Monte.^[21]

German musical theorist Franco of Cologne publishes Ars Cantus Mensurabilis, in which he advances a new theory of musical notation, in which the length of a musical note is denoted by the shape of that note, a system still used today.^[22]^[23]
Construction begins on the Dunkeld Cathedral in Perthshire, Scotland.^[24]
Construction begins on the
Meißen and Schwerin.^[25]

Nicola Pisano sculpts the pulpit in the Pisa Baptistery.^[26]

Religion

The newly formed Sukhothai Kingdom of Thailand adopts Theravada Buddhism.^[27]
The advent of the Age of the Holy Spirit predicted by Joachim of Fiore, according to his interpretation of the Book of Revelation, chapter 6.^[28]

Births

May 15 or July 25 – John of Castile, Lord of Valencia de Campos (d. 1319)^{[citation needed]}
August 2 – Kyawswa of Pagan, last ruler of the Pagan Kingdom (d. 1299)^[29]
approximate date
- Enguerrand de Marigny, minister to King Philip IV of France^[30]
- Fatima bint al-Ahmar, Nasrid princess in the Emirate of Granada (d. 1349)
- Henry de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham (d. 1339)^[31]
- Matthew III Csák, Hungarian oligarch^[32]
- Meister Eckhart, German theologian, philosopher and mystic (d. 1328)^[33]^[34]
- keeper of the seal to King Philip IV of France (d. 1313)^[35]
- Maximus Planudes, Byzantine grammarian and theologian (approximate date; d. 1330)^[36]^[37]
- Khutulun, Mongol princess and warrior (d. 1306)^[38]

Deaths

Third Order of St. Francis^[39]

Marie of Brabant, Holy Roman Empress, wife of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (alternative date is June)^[40]

August 9 – Walter of Kirkham, Bishop of Durham^[41]^[42]
October 24 – Saif ad-Din Qutuz, Mamluk sultan of Egypt^[1]
December 4 – Aymer de Valence, Bishop of Winchester (b. 1222)^[43]
date unknown
- Kitbuqa, Mongol military leader (executed)^[44]
- Sicko Sjaerdema, ruler of Friesland^{[citation needed]}
- Ibn al-Abbar, Andalusian diplomat and scholar (b. 1199)^[3]
probable – Franciscus Accursius, Italian jurist^[45]

References

^
ISBN 978-0-19-061446-1
.

ISBN 978-0-19-874432-0
.

^
ISBN 978-0-415-18571-4
.

^ Adam, Anita. Benadiri People of Somalia with Particular Reference to the Reer Hamar of Mogadishu. pp. 204–205.

^
ISBN 978-0-521-60270-9
.

ISBN 978-1-85109-672-5
.

ISBN 978-0-521-52290-8
.

ISBN 978-1-107-16786-5
.

ISBN 978-0-8047-1540-9
.

ISBN 978-0-19-977810-2
.

ISBN 978-0-7858-3553-0
.

ISBN 978-0-313-33537-2
.

^ Trollope, Thomas Adolphus (1865). A History of the Commonwealth of Florence: From the Earliest Independence of the Commune to the Fall of the Republic in 1531. Vol. I. London: Chapman and Hall. pp. 154–160.

ISBN 978-0-19-937238-6
.

ISBN 978-3-319-66691-4
.

^ Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG (2008). Künker Auktion 137 – The De Wit Collection of Medieval Coins, 1000 Years of European Coinage, Part III: England, Ireland, Scotland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Balkan, the Middle East, Crusader States, Jetons und Weights. Osnabrück, Germany: Numismatischer Verlag Künker. p. 261.

ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5
.

ISBN 978-0-271-04865-9
.

ISBN 978-0-691-00153-1
.

ISBN 9789004367432
.

ISBN 978-1-84836-197-3
.

ISBN 978-0-313-08368-6
.

ISBN 978-0-19-975724-4
.

ISBN 978-0-00-472466-9
.

ISBN 978-1-107-46911-2
.

ISBN 978-1-57958-041-4
.

ISBN 978-0-19-157917-2
.

ISBN 9789004339668
.

ISBN 978-1-4969-4659-1
.

ISBN 978-1-880595-88-6
.

^ Stephen, Sir Leslie (1887). Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder, & Company. p. 155.

ISBN 9789004341128
.

ISBN 978-0-8091-2370-4
.

ISBN 978-0-415-18715-2
.

ISBN 978-3-319-11803-1
.

ISBN 978-3-319-10870-4
.

ISBN 978-3-11-085722-1
.

ISBN 978-1-4008-6513-0
.

ISBN 978-0-8146-4745-5
.

ISBN 978-1-57607-091-8
. 1260 Maria of Brabant.

^ Moule, Thomas (1830). Great Britain Illustrated: A Series of Original Views. London: C. Tilt. pp. 11. 1260 Walter of Kirkham.

ISBN 978-0-19-951011-5
.

ISBN 978-1-84383-467-0
.

ISBN 978-0-521-34772-3
.

ISBN 978-1-135-94880-1
.

[:0a-1] 
ISBN 978-0-19-061446-1
.

[2] ISBN 978-0-19-874432-0
.

[:1a-3] 
ISBN 978-0-415-18571-4
.

[4] Adam, Anita. Benadiri People of Somalia with Particular Reference to the Reer Hamar of Mogadishu. pp. 204–205.

[:2-5] 
ISBN 978-0-521-60270-9
.

[6] ISBN 978-1-85109-672-5
.

[7] ISBN 978-0-521-52290-8
.

[8] ISBN 978-1-107-16786-5
.

[9] ISBN 978-0-8047-1540-9
.

[10] ISBN 978-0-19-977810-2
.

[11] ISBN 978-0-7858-3553-0
.

[12] ISBN 978-0-313-33537-2
.

[13] Trollope, Thomas Adolphus (1865). A History of the Commonwealth of Florence: From the Earliest Independence of the Commune to the Fall of the Republic in 1531. Vol. I. London: Chapman and Hall. pp. 154–160.

[14] ISBN 978-0-19-937238-6
.

[15] ISBN 978-3-319-66691-4
.

[16] Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG (2008). Künker Auktion 137 – The De Wit Collection of Medieval Coins, 1000 Years of European Coinage, Part III: England, Ireland, Scotland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Balkan, the Middle East, Crusader States, Jetons und Weights. Osnabrück, Germany: Numismatischer Verlag Künker. p. 261.

[17] ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5
.

[18] ISBN 978-0-271-04865-9
.

[19] ISBN 978-0-691-00153-1
.

[20] ISBN 9789004367432
.

[21] ISBN 978-1-84836-197-3
.

[22] ISBN 978-0-313-08368-6
.

[23] ISBN 978-0-19-975724-4
.

[24] ISBN 978-0-00-472466-9
.

[25] ISBN 978-1-107-46911-2
.

[26] ISBN 978-1-57958-041-4
.

[27] ISBN 978-0-19-157917-2
.

[28] ISBN 9789004339668
.

[29] ISBN 978-1-4969-4659-1
.

[30] ISBN 978-1-880595-88-6
.

[31] Stephen, Sir Leslie (1887). Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder, & Company. p. 155.

[32] ISBN 9789004341128
.

[33] ISBN 978-0-8091-2370-4
.

[34] ISBN 978-0-415-18715-2
.

[35] ISBN 978-3-319-11803-1
.

[36] ISBN 978-3-319-10870-4
.

[37] ISBN 978-3-11-085722-1
.

[38] ISBN 978-1-4008-6513-0
.

[39] ISBN 978-0-8146-4745-5
.

[40] ISBN 978-1-57607-091-8
. 1260 Maria of Brabant.

[41] Moule, Thomas (1830). Great Britain Illustrated: A Series of Original Views. London: C. Tilt. pp. 11. 1260 Walter of Kirkham.

[42] ISBN 978-0-19-951011-5
.

[43] ISBN 978-1-84383-467-0
.

[44] ISBN 978-0-521-34772-3
.

[45] ISBN 978-1-135-94880-1
.

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Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century 13th century 14th century
Decades:	1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s
Years:	1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263

1260 by topic
Leaders
Political entities State leaders Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1260 in poetry
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