1945 in the Netherlands

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Events in the year 1945 in the Netherlands.

Incumbents

Events

This section is an excerpt from Timeline of the Netherlands during World War II § 1945.[edit]

January

  • 2 Jan: Special meeting of the Council of Ministers to discuss the position of the Militair Gezag[1]
  • 11 Jan: The cabinet accepts that the queen does not sign the arrangement for the emergency parliament.[1]
  • 14 Jan: Commencement of the evacuation of Venlo.[1]
  • 20 Jan: Commencement of the evacuation of Roermond.[1]
  • 22 Jan: The ministers approve a letter from Gerbrandy warning the queen against the formation of a royal cabinet.[1]
  • 23 Jan: Gerbrandy dismisses Burger from the cabinet due to a radio speech and tenders the resignation of the cabinet.[1]
  • 31 Jan: A delegation invited by the queen from the liberated South arrives in London.[1]

February

  • 5 Feb: Minister van Kleffens refuses to form a cabinet.[1]
  • 8 Feb: The queen instructs Gerbrandy to form a new cabinet.[1]
  • 10 Feb: The arrestation regulations for the area to be liberated are established.[1]
  • 15 Feb: Minister van Heuven Goedhart inaugurates the first Tribunal.[1]
  • 23 Feb: Announcement of the composition, to the extent completed, of the third Gerbrandy cabinet.[1]
  • 24 Feb: Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy urges Eisenhower's Chief of Staff Bedell Smith for a separate offensive for the liberation of the Netherlands north of the major rivers. [2]

March

  • 1 Mar: Liberation of Roermond and Venlo.[2]
  • 3 Mar: Bombing of the Bezuidenhout quarter in The Hague.[2]
  • 7 Mar: Rauter is seriously wounded in an ambush at Woeste Hoeve; two hundred and sixty-three death-row candidates are executed.[2]
  • 14 Mar: The Combined Chiefs of Staff instruct Eisenhower to launch a separate offensive for the liberation of West Netherlands.[2]
  • 18 Mar: J.J.F. Borghouts ('Peter-Zuid') arrives in occupied territory as the Commander of the Fighting Section of the BS (Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten/Interior Forces).[2]
  • 30 Mar: Commencement of the liberation of East and North Netherlands.[2]

April

  • 2 Apr: In a conversation with Hirschfeld, Seyss-Inquart suggests the idea of a ceasefire that would allow large-scale assistance to the famine-stricken provinces.[2]
  • 4 Apr: Mussert flees over the Afsluitdijk to The Hague.[2]
  • 6 Apr: Start of the Georgian uprising on Texel.[2]
  • 7 to 8 April – Operation Amherst
  • 9 Apr: Consultation between the Trusted Men and members of Koot's staff regarding Seyss-Inquart's offer.[2]
  • 11 Apr:
    • Buchenwald is liberated as the first concentration camp not completely evacuated by Allied forces.[2]
    • Canadians cross the IJssel near Brummen.[2]
  • 12 Apr:
    • Montgomery cancels the separate offensive for the liberation of the famine-stricken provinces.[2]
    • Seyss-Inquart meets with Van der Vlugt and Six as representatives of the College of Trusted Men and Colonel Koot.[2]
  • 12 to 16 April – Liberation of Arnhem
  • 14 Apr:
    • Himmler issues the order: 'No prisoner may fall into enemy hands alive.'[2]
    • Arrival of Trusted Men, Van der Gaag and Neher, in the liberated South.[2]
  • 15 Apr: Gerbrandy meets with Churchill to discuss Seyss-Inquart's offer.[2]
  • 17 Apr: Inundation of the Wieringermeer.[2]
  • 18 Apr: The entire East and North of the country is liberated except for the area near Delfzijl and the Wadden Islands.[2]
  • 21 Apr: The resistance sends its first telegram to London, protesting against the negotiations with Seyss-Inquart.[2]
  • 23 Apr: The Combined Chiefs of Staff authorize Eisenhower to conclude a ceasefire with Seyss-Inquart. [2]
  • 28 Apr: In Achterveld, the German Schwebel and Montgomery's Chief of Staff de Guingand reach an agreement for a conference with Seyss-Inquart.[2]
  • 29 Apr:
    • Hitler appoints Admiral Dönitz as his successor.[2]
    • First food drops in the famine-stricken provinces.[2]
  • 30 Apr:
    • Suicide of Adolf Hitler
    • In Achterveld, Seyss-Inquart approves arrangements for rapid assistance to the famine-stricken provinces.[2]

May

  • 2 May: First food transports to the famine-stricken provinces by road, via Rhenen.[2]
  • 2–3 May: Seyss-Inquart departs for Flensburg for discussions with Dönitz.[2]
  • 4 May:
    • Montgomery accepts the capitulation of the 'Wehrmacht' in Northwest Europe, including the Netherlands.[2]
    • 'Mobilization' of the BS (Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten/Interior Forces) in the famine-stricken provinces.[2]
  • 5 May:
    • General Johannes Blaskowitz receives the capitulation order presented by General Foulkes at Hotel 'De Wereld' in Wageningen.[2]
    • Radio speech by Queen Wilhelmina.[2]
    • The first food ships arrive in Rotterdam.[2]
    • An Allied vanguard arrives in Copenhagen.[2]
  • 6 May: General Blaskowitz signs the capitulation order presented to him the previous day in the auditorium of the Agricultural College in Wageningen.[2]
  • 7 May:
    • First 'general' German capitulation at Reims.[2]
    • Shooting incident on Dam Square in Amsterdam.[2]
    • Arrest of Mussert.[2]
  • 8 May:
    • Entry of the two divisions of the 1st Canadian Army Corps in Amsterdam, The Hague, and Rotterdam.[2]
    • General Kruis, Chief of Staff Military Authority, arrives in The Hague.[2]
    • An Allied vanguard arrives in Oslo. Second 'general' German capitulation in Berlin.[2]
  • 13 May: German deserter execution
  • 16 May: Dissolution of the College of Trusted Men.[2]
  • 20 May: A Canadian force arrives on Texel and the local German forces surrender, ending the Georgian uprising on Texel. The Georgians are allowed to retain their arms.[3]

June

  • 3 Jun: German forces on the island of Ameland surrender.[4]
  • 11 Jun: The last 600 active German troops in the Netherlands, on the island of Schiermonnikoog, surrender to the Canadians and are evacuated from the island, completing the liberation of the Netherlands.[5]
  • 16 Jun: The Georgian Legion is evacuated from Texel.[3]

Births

Rudi Lubbers

Full date missing

Deaths

Anne Frank

Full date missing

See also

References

  1. ^
    CC BY 3.0 NL Akte license.){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link
    )
  2. ^
    CC BY 3.0 NL Akte license.){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link
    )
  3. ^
    ISBN 978-1-4422-4146-6
    .
  4. ^ "Bevrijding – Ameland tijdens WO II". 2016-09-16. Archived from the original on 2016-09-16. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  5. ^ "De bevrijding van Schier kwam pas weken later". www.omropfryslan.nl (in Dutch). 2020-06-09. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  6. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Gee van Enst". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  7. ^ Roos, Jan de (27 May 2018). "Holleman, Saskia Maria (1945–2013)". Online Dictionary of Dutch Women [da; fr; fy; nl] (in Dutch). Retrieved 6 June 2022.
  8. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Corrie Bakker". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  9. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Rudie Lubbers". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
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