1994 in comics
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Notable events of 1994 in comics.
Events
Year overall
- Huge changes in the North American marketplace (mostly due to the collapse of the Ominous Press, Re-Visionary Press, and Sirius Entertainment.
January
- January 2: Peter de Wit's gag-a-day comic Sigmund, which debuted a year earlier in the Flemish newspaper Het Laatste Nieuws under the different title Mijnheerke Psi, is now published in the Dutch newspaper Het Parool, where it will remain a mainstay for decades to come.[2]
- January 14: Eagle(1982 series), with issue #574, canceled by Fleetway.
- Iron Man #300: The Iron Legion vs. Ultimo, written by Len Kaminski.
- Kyle Rayner is introduced as a new Green Lantern.
- Avengers West Coast is canceled by Marvel Comicswith issue #102.
February
- February 7: Dick Tracy characters Dick Tracy and Tess Trueheart go through a divorce, which becomes a big media story. The couple is eventually reunited.[3]
- Captain America #425 is the debut of the 12-part storyline "The Fighting Chance."
- She-Hulk vol. 2 is canceled with issue #60. The caption on the cover reads: "O.K., kids, we had a deal.... now hand over those X-Men comics!"
- First issue of The Sandman: The kindly ones, by Neil Gaiman and Marc Hempel (DC comics).
- In À suivre, first chapter of L’enfant penchée, by Benoît Peeters and François Schuiten.
March
- March 19: U.S. comic artist Mike Diana becomes the first cartoonist in the United States to be convicted according to obscenity laws, complete with a ban to continue drawing his infamous comic series Boiled Angel. [4]
- Scott Summers marries Jean Grey. (Marvel Comics)
- Marc Spector: Moon Knight is canceled by Marvel with issue #60.
- crossover "Child's Play" begins.
April
- crossover "Child's Play" concludes.
- Starblast concludes, both as a limited seriesand as a crossover.
May
- May 30 - July 31: Carl Barks travels to Europe in an official, heavily mediatized visit, where he meets several Disney comics publishers in various countries.[5]
- Rick Jones’ infamous stag party in which the Marvel heroes discover that Jones’ fiancée was an adult film star.
- early webcomic NetBoy is first uploaded to the World Wide Web.
June
- Action Comics #700: 68-page anniversary issue. "The Fall of Metropolis" ("Triangle" chapter 24). One of Curt Swan's final Superman jobs.
- Conan the Barbarian returns to comics with two titles: Conan the Adventurer and Conan Classic (reprinting the early stories from the 1970s)
- .
- Jane Foster. Thor also gets a new armor and costume.
- A second attempt to launch a Lucky Luke monthly magazine is made, which will run until January 1995.[6]
July
- Quasar is canceled by Marvel with issue #60.
August
- August 29: The Dutch comics magazine Sjors and Sjimmie Weekblad changes its name again into Sjosji. It will continue until 1998, after which it becomes Striparazzi.[7]
- DC Comics launches the Zero Monthpromotion.
- AIDS.
September
- September 10: In Hoeilaart, Belgium, Nero receives a statue.[8][9]
- L.E.G.I.O.N. is canceled by DC with issue #70.
- Justice League International vol. 2 is canceled by DC with issue #68.
- "Phalanx Covenant," an X-Men crossover storyline, begins.
October
- October 15–16: During the Trigië), receives the Stripschapprijs.[10][11] Peter Kuipers and Mat Schifferstein of publishing company Sherpa receive the Jaarprijs voor Bijzondere Verdiensten (nowadays the P. Hans Frankfurtherprijs).[12]
- Daniel Clowes' The Sensual Santa is prepublished in Eightball.
- The Spider-Man Clone Saga begins. (Marvel Comics)
November
- Marvel Comics abolishes the position of editor-in-chief, replacing Tom DeFalco with five group editors-in-chief. Rather than name a successor, the company appoints five "Editors-in-Chief," each of whom oversees a certain number of titles, collected into broad groups: the X-Men titles (Bob Harras), the Spider-Man titles (Bob Budiansky), so-called "Marvel Universe" titles (Mark Gruenwald), the newly created Marvel Edge (Bobbie Chase), and licensed-property titles (Carl Potts).
- Marvel Tales (1966 series), the long-running reprint title (primarily of Spider-Man stories), is canceled with issue #291.
- November 3: Marvel Comics purchases Malibu Comics[13]
December
- December 9: The first Inktspot awards for Best Political Cartoon are held in The Netherlands. The first winner is Peter van Straaten, who will win the award four times more in the future. [14]
- X-Men #41 is the prologue to the Age of Apocalypse with Legion murdering Professor X.
- G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero, published by Marvel Comics, is canceled with issue #155.
- December 28: Marvel Comics purchases distributor Heroes World Distribution.[15][16]
Specific date unknown
- Belgian comic artist Mic Delinx is knighted as a Chevalier in the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. [17]
- Heidi MacDonald, Trina Robbins, Deni Loubert, Anina Bennett, Liz Schiller and Jackie Estrada establish Friends of Lulu, a non-profit organization to promote readership of comic books by women and the participation of women in the comic book industry. [18]
Births
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Deaths
January
- January 5: Joop Du Buy, Dutch animator, textile salesman and comics artist (Appie Kim, Nimfke en de Nonnenneuker), dies at age 59.[19]
- January 17: Reamer Keller, American cartoonist and comics artist (Kennesaw, Medicare), dies at age 89.[20]
- January 25: Filip Fermin, Dutch comics artist (Robur & Hanekamp), dies at age 46.[21]
February
- February 6: Jack Kirby, American comic book writer and artist (Marvel Comics, DC Comics), dies at age 76.[22]
- February 10: Mel Calman, British illustrator and comics artist (The Little Man), dies from a heart attack at age 62.[23]
- February 18: Rodlow Willard, American comic artist (worked on King of the Royal Mounted, continued Scorchy Smith), dies at age 87. [24]
- Specific date in February unknown: T.M. Maple, real name: Jim Burke, Canadian comics fan who gained popularity through his frequent and prozaic letters to comics fanzines, dies from a heart attack at age 37 or 38.[25]
March
- March 10:
- Aurelio Galleppini, Italian comics artist (Tex Willer), dies at the age of 76.[26]
- Reuben Timmins, American animator and comics artist (comics starring Laurel & Hardy), dies at the age of 84.[27]
- March 15: Nadir Quinto, Italian comics artist (Tom Boy, Swea, I Delfini, Jacopo del Mare, Vele Capitani, continued Larry Yuma, dies at age 75.[28]
- March 19: René Deynis, French illustrator, comics artist and writer (wrote Les Espadons, drew Oscar Mittoman, Albator, continued Jean et Jeanette, Jacques Flash), dies at age 63.[29]
- March 22: Walter Lantz, American comics artist and animator (Woody Woodpecker), dies at age 94.[30]
- March 31: José Escobar Saliente, Spanish animator, comics writer and artist (Carpanta, Zipi y Zape), dies at age 85.[31]
- Specific date unknown: Jack Dunkley, British comics artist (The Larks, Patsy, Mr. Digwell), dies at age 87.[32]
April
- April 5: Kurt Cobain, American rock singer and guitarist (made some comics in his diaries, which were posthumously released), commits suicide at age 27.[33]
- April 9: Keith Watson, British comics artist (Dan Dare, Roel Dijkstra), dies at age 59.[34]
May
- May 1: John Milton Morris, American political cartoonist and comics artist (Neighbourly Neighbors), dies at age 87.[35]
- May 6: Murray Boltinoff, American comics writer and editor (DC Comics), dies at age 83.
- May 9: Reinhold Escher, German comics artist (Mecki), dies at age 89.[36]
- May 16: Dorul van der Heide, Dutch painter and comics artists (worked for Rolf Kauka), dies at age 90.[37]
- May 22: Mitacq, Belgian comics artist (La Patrouille des Castors), dies at age 66.[38]
- May 23: Don Thompson, American comics writer, critic, collector and co-editor of the comics magazine Comics Buyer's Guide, dies at age 58.
- May 24: Julien Hébert, Canadian architect, industrial designer and comics artist (Mouchette), dies at age 76.[39]
- May 25: Jan de Poel, Dutch illustrator and comics artist (Muisje Wit, Trippie), dies at age 89.[40]
- May 26: Nico Oeloff, Dutch painter and comics artist (Kopkewoartel), dies at age 75.[41]
June
- June 1: Bob Leguay, French illustrator and comics artist (worked for Publi-Vog and Bédé Adult), dies at age 67.[42]
- June 10: Jack Hannah, American animator and comics artist (Donald Duck), dies at age 81.[43]
- June 21: Neal Pozner, American comics writer and editor (DC Comics), dies at age 38 or 39 from AIDS.[44]
- June 23: Piet van Elk, Dutch comics artist and animator (De Avonturen van Bim, Dokie Durf), dies at age 74.[45]
- June 28: Richard Bickenbach, American animator and comics artist (Hanna-Barbera comics), dies at age 86.[46]
July
- July 4: Alfred Harvey, American comics artist and publisher (Harvey Comics), dies at age 80.[47]
- July 21: Marijac, French comics artist and writer (Jim Boum), dies at age 85.[48]
- July 23: Owen Fitzgerald, American animator and comics artist (celebrity comics based on
August
- August 1: Augstí Ascensio Saurí, aka Asen, Spanish animator and comics artist (Nicasso, Pintor Moderno, Tarzán 1990, Los Birimboyas), dies at age 45 in a car accident.[50]
- August 13: Richard Klokkers, Dutch comics artist (Marten Toonder Studios), dies at age 70.[51]
- August 23: Jean-Claude Gal, French comics artist (Les Armées du Conquérant), dies at age 52.[52]
- August 24: Wijnanda Nanny Aberson, Dutch writer and comics writer (wrote the script of the very first Kapitein Rob story), dies at age 82.[53][54]
- August 26: Werner Klemke, German illustrator and comics artist (Burattino im Puppentheater des Carabas Barabas), dies at age 77.[55]
September
- September 5: Yvette Lapointe, Canadian comics artist (Les Petits Espiègles), dies at age 82.[56]
- September 11: Ben Jansen, Dutch comics artist (De Glunderende Gluurder, a sex parody of
- September 12: Dick De Wilde, aka W. Gerritsen or W. Gerr, Dutch comics artist, illustrator and graphic designer (assistant of Hans G. Kresse, made his own comic Victo van Turenne), dies at age 89.[58]
- September 21: Jef De Wulf, French comics artist (published in the magazine Junior Adventures), dies at age 78.[59]
- September 22: Bud Sagendorf, American comics artist (assisted on and continuedPopeye), dies from brain cancer at age 79.[60]
- September 24: Jan van Reek, Dutch comic writer and artist, (Wipperoen), dies at age 70.[61]
October
- October 5: Doug Wildey, American comics artist and animator (The Outlaw Kid and the newspaper comic based on The Saint), dies at age 72.[62]
- October 5: Frank Ridgeway, American comics artist and writer (Mr. Abernathy, Lancelot), dies at age 63 or 64.[63]
- October 14: Jack Tippit, American comics artist (Doctor Bill, Sergeant Pepper, continued Amy and Henry), dies at age 70.[64]
- October 17: Rik van Bentum, Dutch painter and comics artist (made an obscure comic strip, New Comic Strip Scandal 2000, together with novelist Jan Cremer), dies at age 57.[65]
- October 18: Manoel Messias de Mello, Brazilian comics artist (Pão Duro, Gibimha, Audaz, o Demolidor), dies at age 88.[66]
- October 26: Francis, Belgian comics artist (Marc Lebut et son Voisin, Capitaine Lahuche, Les Soldats de Plomb), dies at age 57.[67]
November
- November 2: Martin Taras, American animator and comics artist (made comics based on Famous Studios characters), dies at age 80.[68]
- November 8: Michael O'Donoghue, American comics writer, TV writer, novelist and publisher (The Adventures of Phoebe Zeit-Geist, National Lampoon), dies at age 54.
- November 15: Janet Ahlberg, British illustrator and comics artist, dies from breast cancer at age 50.[69]
- November 28: Frank Robbins, American comics artist and writer (Johnny Hazard), dies at age 77.[70]
December
- December 1: Romain Deconinck, Belgian actor, comedian and theatre director (co-scripted the comic book De Roâste Wassger [71]), dies at age 78.[72]
- December 2: Tony Weare, British comics artist (Matt Marriott), dies at age 82.[73]
- December 7: Rafael Astarita, American illustrator and comics artist (drew comics for National Comics Publications, Fiction House), dies at age 82.[74]
- December 8: Sidney A. Quinn, American illustrator, painter and comics artist (continued The Timbertoes and Goofus and Gallant), dies at age 79 or 80.[75]
- December 14: Lucien Nortier, French comics artist (various realistically drawn comics, continued Bob L'Ardent), dies at age 62.[76]
- December 18: Albert-Georges Badert, French comics artist (continued Les Pieds Nickelés), dies at age 79.[77]
Specific date unknown
- Bob Forgione, American comics artist (comics for Fawcett Comics, Charlton Comics, Dell Comics and DC Comics), dies at age 64 or 65.[78]
- Rein van Looy, Dutch comics artist and illustrator (Dick Parker), dies at age 83 or 84.[79]
- Geert van Wanrooij, Dutch illustrator and comic artist (De Nieuwste Avonturen van Jan Klaassen), dies at age 77 or 78. [80]
Exhibitions and shows
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Conventions
- February 11–13:
- March 13: Great Eastern Conventions (Marriott Hotel, Bloomington, Minnesota) — 400 attendees[82]
- March 25–27: Motor City Comic Con (Novi Expo Center, Michigan)
- April: Pittsburgh Comicon (Monroeville, Pennsylvania) — first iteration of the show
- April 20–21: Pro/Con 2 (Oakland Convention Center, Oakland, California)
- April 22–24: WonderCon (Oakland Convention Center, Oakland, California)
- May 2–3: Capital City Trade Show (St. Louis, Missouri) — guests include Dave Sim
- Summer: Oxford Union Society, Oxford, England) — Sex & Drugs & Rock'n'Roll theme; guests include Hunt Emerson, Pete Loveday, and Bryan Talbot
- June 3–5: Stripdagen Haarlem (Haarlem, The Netherlands)
- June 4–5: Walter Simonson, Jim Starlin[83]
- June 4: Alternative Press Expo (Parkside Hall, San Jose, California) — first annual iteration of APE
- June 5: Great Eastern Conventions Chicago (Hyatt Regency Woodfield, Schaumburg, Illinois)[83]
- June 5: Great Eastern Conventions Pittsburgh (Sheraton at Station Square, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)[83]
- June 5: Great Eastern Conventions San Francisco (Holiday Inn Golden Gateway, San Francisco, California)[83]
- June 10: Small Press Expo (Bethesda Ramada Inn, Bethesda, Maryland) — first annual iteration of SPX; guests include Dave Sim
- June 12–14: Diamond Seminar (Baltimore Convention Center, Baltimore, Maryland) — guests include Dave Sim
- June 12: Great Eastern Conventions Miami (Crown Sterling Suites, Miami, Florida)[83]
- June 12: Great Eastern Conventions Minneapolis (Marriot Bloomington, Bloomington, Illinois)[83]
- June 12: Great Eastern Conventions St. Louis (Holiday Inn Linbergh Exit, St. Louis, Missouri)[83]
- June 17–19: Atlanta Fantasy Fair (Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia) — official guests include Sarah Douglas, Bruce Campbell, Jeff Rector, Geraint Wyn Davies, John A. Russo, Ted V. Mikels
- June 17–19: Jeff Smith, John Romita Sr. and John Romita Jr.
- June 17–19: New York Comic Fest (Jacob K. Javits Convention Center)[84]
- June 26: Great Eastern Conventions Boston (57 Park Plaza Hotel, Boston, Massachusetts)[83]
- June 26: Great Eastern Conventions Denver (Holiday Inn, Denver, Colorado)[83]
- July 3–5: Chicago Comicon (Rosemont Expo Center, Chicago, Illinois) — 20,000+ attendees; guest of honor: Harlan Ellison; special guest: James O'Barr
- July 15–17: Atlanta Comics Expo(Atlanta Hilton & Tower/Westin Peachtree Plaza/Atlanta Civic Center, Atlanta, Georgia) — 11,000 attendees
- July 29–31: Dallas Fantasy Fair (Dallas Market Hall Convention Center) — guests include Dave Sim and Martin Wagner[84]
- August 4–7, San Diego Comic-Con (San Diego Convention Center and Hyatt Regency, San Diego, California) — 31,000 attendees; special guests include Mike Allred, David Brin, Dave Dorman, Al Feldstein, Rick Geary, Stan Goldberg, Roberta Gregory, Matt Groening, Chad Grothkopf, Lurene Haines, Dan Jurgens, Frank Miller, Leonard Nimoy, James O'Barr, Lucius Shepard, J. Michael Straczynski, Rumiko Takahashi, and Jean-Claude Van Damme
- August 20: Marvel Mega Tour (Meadowlands Convention Center, Secaucus, New Jersey)
- September: Small Press Expo (Bethesda Ramada Inn, Bethesda, Maryland)[85] — first iteration of this show[86]
- September 10–11: OrlandoCon (Clarion Towers, Orlando, Florida) — produced by retailer Mike Kott; guests include Jim Ivey and Martin Nodell[87]
- October 21–23: St. Jude's Hospital and Goodwill Industries.[88]
- October 22–23: Toronto Comic Book Extravaganza (Canadian Exposition & Convention Centre, Toronto, Canada)[84]
- November 26–27: Dennis Cramer, Kevin Dooley, Matt Feazell, Bob Ingersoll, Steve Lieber, Mike Okamoto, Beau Smith, Chris Sprouse
First issues by title
DC Comics
- Anima
- Aquaman
- Batman: Castle of the Bat – Elseworlds
- Detective Comics Annual #7
- Damage
- Deathstroke Annual #3
- Gunfire
- R.E.B.E.L.S. '94
- Shadow Cabinet – Milestone Comicsimprint
- Starman
- Superman: The Feral Man of Steel
- Worlds Collide – Milestone Comicsimprint
- Xombi – Milestone Comicsimprint
- Zero Hour
Vertigo Comics
- The Invisibles
Image Comics
- Boof
Marvel Comics
- Release: July. Writers: Dan Abnett and Andy Lanning. Art: Tom Tenney and Rey Garcia. Summary: The West Coast Avengers are reborn as Force Works. Financed by Iron Man, the group welcomes a new member called Legacy.
- Release: October. Writer: Scott Lobdell. Artists: .
Small press titles
- Fantagraphics Books
- Underwater, by Chester Brown, Drawn & Quarterly. First issue: August
- César and Jessica, in France
Shueisha
Chorus
- Release: May.
References
- ^ "Comics Publishers Suffer Tough Summer: Body Count Rises in Market Shakedown," The Comics Journal #172 (November 1994), pp. 13–18.
- ^ "Peter de Wit". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Dick Locher - Lambiek Comiclopedia".
- ^ https://www.lambiek.net/artists/d/diana_mike.htm
- ^ "Carl Barks". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Morris". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Eppo". www.lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ Lambiek Comiclopedia. "Marc Sleen".
- ^ "Hoeilaart, waar Nero thuis is - 1994".
- ^ "Britse illustrator Don Lawrence wint Stripschapprijs '94". Trouw. Aug 25, 1994. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Stripdagen Breda". NRC. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Het Stripschap - Complete lijst".
- ^ Reynolds, Eric. "The Rumors are True: Marvel Buys Malibu," The Comics Journal #173 (December 1994), pp. 29–33.
- ^ "Prijs voor tekenaar Peter van Straaten".
- ^ Gray, Bob. "Newswatch: Marvel Buys 3rd Largest Distributor: Heroes World Purchase Signals Fundamental Changes in the Direct Market," The Comics Journal #174 (Feb. 1995): pp. 15–22.
- ISBN 1-56971-344-8, p. 69
- ^ "Mic Delinx". lambiek.net. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
- Sacramento Bee: E1.
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- ^ "Reamer Keller". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Flip Fermin". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Jack Kirby". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Mel Calman".
- ^ "Rodlow Willard".
- ISBN 9780615336169.
- ^ "Galep". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Reuben Timmins". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Nadir Quinto". lambiek.net.
- ^ "René Deynis". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Walter Lantz". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Josep Escobar". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Jack Dunkley".
- ^ "Kurt Cobain". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Keith Watson". lambiek.net.
- ^ "John Milt Morris". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Reinhold Escher". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Dorul Van Der Heide". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "MiTacq". lambiek.net.
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- ^ "Bob Leguay". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Jack Hannah". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ Priest, Christopher (May 24, 1994). "Triumph: The Hero You Love to Hate". Digital-Priest. Archived from the original on June 3, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-06.
- ^ "Piet van Elk". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
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- Independent.co.uk. 26 July 1994. Archivedfrom the original on 2022-05-01.
- ^ "Marijac". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Owen Fitzgerald". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
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- ^ "Richard Klokkers". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Jean-Claude Gal". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Kapitein Rob - Pieter J. Kuhn".
- ^ "Pieter Kuhn". lambiek.net. Retrieved 2019-09-08.
- ^ Lambiek Comiclopedia
- ^ "Yvette Lapointe". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ a b "Ben Jansen". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Dick de Wilde". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Jef De Wulf". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Bud Sagendorf". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Jan van Reek". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Doug Wildey". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Frank Ridgeway". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Jack Tippit". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Rik van Bentum". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Manoel Messias De Mello". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Francis". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Martin B. Taras". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Janet Ahlberg".
- ^ "Frank Robbins". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Buth". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "25 jaar geleden overleed de Vlaamse komiek Romain De Coninck | Radio 2, de grootste familie". radio2.be. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Tony Weare". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Rafael Astarita". lambiek.net. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "Sidney A. Quinn". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Lucien Nortier". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Albert Georges Badert". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Bob Forgione". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Rein van Looy". lambiek.net.
- ^ "Geert van Wanrooij". lambiek.net.
- ^ Sangiacomo, Mike (Feb 20, 1994). "Marvel's Stars Are Going to be Kept on the Run". The Plain Dealer.
- ^ Marquez, Heron Estrada (15 Mar 1994). "Serious about comics: Collectors congregate in Bloomington to pore over the classic and the quirky". Star Tribune. p. 07B.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Malibu Comics Presents the Bravura Ashcan!...". Star Slammers. No. 1. Malibu Comics. May 1994.
- ^ a b c "1994 Major Trade Show Calendar". Newswatch. The Comics Journal. No. 166. Feb 1994. p. 46.
- ^ Cerebus the Aardvark, no. 81 (Apr 1994). Aardvark-Vanaheim.
- ^ Clough, Rob (Jan 1, 2009). "SPX 2002". High-Low.
- ^ Parrish, Ines Davis. "Hobby is No Laughing Matter Comic Book Collectors: Superheroes a Super Investment," Orlando Sentinel (12 Sep 1994), C1.
- ^ Selvin, Rick (21 Oct 1994). "City Hosts a Gala for Comics Lovers". Philadelphia Daily News. p. 63.