Andhra Mahabharatam

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Andhra Mahabharatham
ఆంధ్ర మహాభారతం
Seen at Bhishma Parvam Krishna telling Bhagavad Gita-భగవద్గీత to Arjuna
Information
ReligionHinduism
AuthorNannayya
Thikkana
Yerrana
LanguageTelugu
Chapters18 Parvas
Verses21,507 Poems

Andhra Mahabharatham ఆంధ్ర మహాభారతం is the Telugu version of Mahabharatha written by the Kavitrayam (Trinity of poets), consisting of Nannayya, Thikkana and Yerrapragada (also known as Errana).The three poets translated the Mahabharata from Sanskrit into Telugu over the period of the 11–14th centuries CE, and became the idols for all the following poets.[1] More than calling "Andhra Mahabharatham" as a translation of Sanskrit Mahabharatha written by Lord Ganesha under the supervision of Veda Vyasa, this Andhra Mahabharatham was an independent translation. Thus, this translation is not a stanza by stanza translation. These three poets wrote Andhra Mahabharatham in Telugu literature style, but keeping the same exact essence as that of Sanskrit Mahabharatham

ఆదికవి నన్నయ-AdiKavi Nannaya
తిక్కన సోమయాజి-Thikkana somayaji
ఎర్రన - Erranna
  • Adikavyam in Telugu

There are many doubts about whether Mahabharata is the first work of poetry started by

Nannaya in Telugu. Literary historians are of the opinion that all the mature poetry does not emerge at once, so there must have been some poems before that. However, no other writings have been found, except for references to songs and poems (Nannechodudu) and some verses found in inscriptions. So Nannaya was adored by the world of Telugu literature as the original poet. Prajnannaya Yugam Dwadasi Nageswara Sastry writes this in concluding the chapter[2]
- "On the whole Telugu language literature existed before Nannaya. Oral literature was more prevalent. Edictal poetry was in use. Telugu language was good in public affairs. But scriptural language could not have been created. Conditions were suitable for such creation. No. It could be the reason for that is the familiarity with Sanskrit Prakrits.

Raja Raja Narendra who asked Nannaya to write the Mahabharatam in Telugu

Rajaraja Narendra (1019–1061 AD)

Kavithrayam at work

Errana
wrote the Harivamsa as a separate treatise. In this way, the Sanskrit Mahabharata of 100 subparvals was transformed into the Andhra Mahabharata of eighteen parvas in Telugu. It is divided into Asvasas in Telugu. The division can be seen in the following table. G.V. Published in 15 volumes as Kavitrayam Mahabharatam project - edited by Subrahmanyam. - 2008 Publication</ref>

Parvam Number of subparvas Number of Shlokas
in Sanskrit Mahabharatham 		Number of Shlokas in Andhra Mahabharatham Verse Prose no
1. Adi Parvam 18 9,984 8 2,084
2. Sabha Parvam 9 4,311 2 618
3.
Aranya Parvam
 16 13,664 7 2,894
4. Virata Parvam 4 3,500 5 1,624
5. Udyoga Parvam 11 6,998 4 1,562
6. Bhishma Parvam 5 5,884 3 1,171
7. Drona Parvam 8 10,919 5 1,860
8. Karna Parvam 1 4,900 3 1,124
9. Salya Parvam 4 3,220 2 827
10. Sauptika Parvam 3 2,874 2 376
11. Stri Parvam 5 1,775 2 376
12.Shanti Parvam 4 14,525 6 3,093
13. Anushasanika Parvam 2 12,000 5 2,148
14. Ashwamedha Parvam 2 4,420 4 976
15. Ashramavasa Parvam 3 1,106 2 362
16. Mausala Parvam 1 300 1 226
17.Mahaprasthanika Parvam 1 120 1 79
18. Svargarohana Parvam 1 200 1 97
19.
Harivamsa Parvam|Bhavishya Parvam
 2 (Omitted) -- --
Total 100 1,00,500 63 21,507

Nannaya — the Adi Kavi (the first poet)

Raja Rajanarendra commissioning Nannaya Battaraka to render Mahabharatha into Telugu.

Nannayabhatta (1022–1063 CE – also referred to as Nannaya), started to translate the Sanskrit Mahabharata into Telugu on the request of the East Chalukya king Rajaraja Narendra. This marks the beginning of Telugu literature, which has yet been uncovered. This work has been interpreted in the Champu style and emotes such simplicity and polishing and of such high literary excellence, that several scholars do not dismiss the possibility of the existence of literary works in Telugu during the pre-Nannaya period.

Tikkana

Tikkana (or Tikkana Somayaji) (1205–1288) was a 13th century

Errana
.

Yerrana

Yarrapragada Erranna was a

Lord Skanda in the Telugu language, but became attached to his paternal family due its having notable members with fair or red-skinned complexions. He was honoured with the title Prabandha-paramēśvara ("Master of historical anecdotes") and Śambhudāsuḍu ("Servant of Lord Śiva").[3]
The
Nannaya. Erranna started the remaining half of the Aranya Parvamu with the style of Nannaya and ended it with the style of Tikkana as a bridge between the parts translated by Nannaya and Tikkana. Just like Nannaya and Tikkanna, he used half Sanskrit and half Telugu in his Telugu translation of the Sanskrit Mahabharata. He translated the Harivamsamu[4]
and Ramayanamu from Sanskrit, dedicating both works to the founder of the Reddy Dynasty, King Prolaya Vemareddy.

Nrusimhapuranamu was his own independent work.[5] Erranna received his inspiration for the Nrusimhapuranam from his grandfather Errapotanna. According to tradition, one day when Erranna was meditating, his grandfather appeared and advised him to write the Narisimhapuranamu. This work was based on the Brahmandapuranamu and the Vishnupuranamu.

According to the Viṣṇu Purāṇa, King Hiraṇyakaśipu was the powerful demonic sovereign of the Earth millions of year ago at the beginning of the

Kṣīra-sāgara
(the "Sea of Milk").

See also

ఆంధ్ర మహాభారతం

External links

References

  1. ^ "Telugu Literature | Telugu Basha". Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
  2. ^ History of Telugu literature - Author: Dwa.Na. Shastri - Publication : Pratibha Publications, Hyderabad (2004)
  3. ^ "Vaishanava yugamu" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
  4. ^ Errapragada (1926). Harivamsamu (in Telugu). Madras: Vavilla Ramaswamy Sastrulu and Sons. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  5. ^ Errapragada (1960). Nrisimhapuranamu (in Telugu). Madras: Vavilla Ramaswamy Sastrulu and Sons. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
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