Aviation in India

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Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Aviation in India can be broadly divided into

air transportation network and is amongst the fastest-growing aviation markets in the world according to the International Air Transport Association
(IATA).

The first commercial aviation flight in India took place on 18 February 1911. In March 1953, the

limited international
airports and more than 100 domestic and private airports. De-regulation in the 1990s opened the industry to private players who cater to majority of the traffic as of 2023, handling more than 200 million air passengers annually.

The Indian Armed Forces under the Ministry of Defence is responsible for the military operations. Royal Indian Air Force was established on 8 October 1932 with the first squadron commissioned in April 1933. It later became the Indian Air Force in 1950 and is the major military air operator in India. Indian air force maintains a fleet of various aircraft and air bases across India. Indian army, navy and coast guard also maintain air infrastructure in a supporting role.

History

Main articles: History of Indian civil aviation and History of the Indian Air Force
Tata Sons' Airline time-table, c. 1935

The first commercial aviation flight in India took place on 18 February 1911 from

Madras, marking the beginning of Tata Airlines which later became Air India, the flag carrier in 1946.[6][7]

The

Second World War and was christened as Royal Indian Air Force. In 1950, when India became a republic, the prefix was dropped and it reverted to being the Indian Air Force.[12] In March 1953, the Indian Parliament passed the Air Corporations Act through which the eight independent domestic airlines in existence: Deccan Airways, Airways India, Bharat Airways, Himalyan Aviation, Kalinga Air Lines, Indian National Airways, Air India, Air Services of India were merged into two government owned entities of Indian Airlines and Air India.[3] In 1960, the first jet aircraft was introduced for commercial passenger traffic.[13]

Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

In 1961, the Indian Air Force provided air support in

Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, carrying out strikes and providing air support for Indian Army and Indian Navy.[17][18]

Air India, the flag carrier of India

In 1972, the International Airports Authority of India (IAAI) was constituted with the National Airports Authority established in 1986. In 1995, both the agencies were merged to form

Hyderabad and Bangalore.[3] In December 2004, other Indian carriers apart from Air India, with a minimum of 5 years of continuous operations and a fleet of 20 aircraft, were permitted to operate international services.[3] In 2007, the Regional Airlines policy was formulated to allow carriers to operate service within a particular region.[3] The Airports Economic Regulatory Authority (AERA) was set up in 2009.[3]

Civil aviation

Main article: Civil aviation in India

The Ministry of Civil Aviation is responsible for civilian aviation, through regulatory oversight by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA).[20] The National Civil Aviation Policy 2016 set the guidelines and goals for operations of civil aviation.[21] India is the third largest civilian aviation market with airlines carrying more than 200 million passengers in 2020.[22]

Air passenger traffic (In Millions) [23]
Financial Year (FY) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total passengers 77.4 88.9 98.9 98.2 103.8 115.8 135 158.4 183.9 204.2 202 62.1 105.4 190.6
Domestic passengers 45.3 53.8 60.8 57.9 60.7 70.1 85.2 103.7 123.3 140.3 141.2 53.3 84.2 136
International passengers 32.1 35.1 38.1 40.3 43.1 45.7 49.8 54.7 60.6 63.9 60.8 8.8 21.2 54.6

Network and infrastructure

Main articles:
List of the busiest airports in India and List of airports in India

India has various types of airports namely, designated international airports, customs airports with limited international flights,

limited international airports apart from 100+ other domestic, private airports and civil enclaves.[29] The UDAN regional connectivity scheme, launched in 2016, planned to develop a sustainable air network in over 400 tier-2 cities across India.[30][31]

Busiest airports by Passenger traffic (2022–23)
Rank Name City State/UT IATA Code Passengers
2022–23 		Passengers
2021–22 		% Change Rank Change
1 Indira Gandhi International Airport
Delhi NCR
 Delhi DEL 65,327,833 39,339,998 166.1 0
2 Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport Mumbai Maharashtra BOM 43,930,298 21,747,892 1102.0 0
3 Kempegowda International Airport Bengaluru Karnataka BLR 31,911,429 16,287,097 195.9 0
4 Rajiv Gandhi International Airport Hyderabad Telangana HYD 20,996,027 12,429,796 168.9 0
5 Chennai International Airport Chennai Tamil Nadu MAA 18,571,393 9,533,301 194.8 11

Airlines

Main article: List of airlines of India

As of November 2023, India has about ten scheduled airlines operating passenger services apart from other cargo carriers. Air India is the flag carrier with IndiGo being the largest carrier in operation with a 61.8% domestic market share.[32]

Military aviation

Further information: List of active Indian Air Force aircraft squadrons, List of Indian Air Force stations, and List of active Indian military aircraft

The

helicopters, tankers, AWAC, reconnaissance aircraft and Unmanned aerial vehicles.[34]

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-9576-8926-8
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  2. ISBN 978-1-7827-4272-2
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  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "100 years of Civil Aviation" (Press release). Government of India. 25 January 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  4. ^ Saraogi, R.L. (1952). Indian Aviation. p. 192.
  5. Times of India
    . Chennai. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
  6. ISBN 978-0-2080-0171-9
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  7. ^ "De Havilland Gazette". De Havilland Aircraft Company: 103. 1953.
  8. ^ "HC Deb 3 April 1933 vol 276 cc1473-501". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 3 April 1933. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 8 April 2009.
  9. ^ "History of the IAF". Official Website. Webmaster IAF – Air Headquarters. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 7 April 2009.
  10. ^ Bedi, Sanjeev (Summer 2008). "Strategic Role of Air Power" (PDF). Air Power Journal. 3 (2). Center for Air Power Studies: 27–45. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 8 April 2009.
  11. ^ Goyal, S.N. (October 1993). "1939–45 Second World War: Air Force Reminiscences". Sainik Samachar. Indian Air Force. Archived from the original on 6 October 2009. Retrieved 8 April 2009.
  12. ISBN 978-1-4691-9657-2
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  13. ISBN 978-0-14-310274-8
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  14. ^ Jagan Pillarisetti. "The Liberation of Goa: 1961". Bharat Rakshak. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2012.
  15. ^ "1965 war: We achieved air superiority in three days, says Air Force Marshal Arjan Singh". 4 October 2015. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
  16. ^ "A Whale of a Fighter: the Su-7 in IAF Service". Bharat Rakshak. Archived from the original on 30 December 2009. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  17. ^ "The War of December 1971". Indian Air Force. Archived from the original on 10 April 2009. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
  18. ^ "Years later, Longewala reminds the do-or-die battle". The Times of India. No. 18 December 2013. India Times. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
  19. ^ "Official website of Indian Air Force". Archived from the original on 23 July 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
  20. ^ "DGCA Rules and Regulations". DGCA. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
  21. ^ "Govt releases National Civil Aviation Policy; impact of FDI in Aviation sector". IndiaInfoline. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
  22. ^ "In next 6-8 months, we expect to get bids for Air India: Jayant Sinha". The Economic Times. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  23. ^ "India: air passenger traffic 2022". Statista. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  24. ^ List of Aerodromes Licensed in Public Use Category (PDF) (Report). Directorate General of Civil Aviation of India. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  25. ^ List of Aerodromes Licensed in Private Use Category (PDF) (Report). Directorate General of Civil Aviation of India. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  26. ^ "List of Indian Airports" (PDF). Airports Authority of India. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
  27. ^ "Traffic Statistics, November 2023" (PDF) (pdf). Airport Authority of India. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  28. ^ "Regional Headquarters of AAI". Airports Authority of India. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
  29. ^ "List of Indian Airports (NOCAS)" (PDF). Airports Authority of India. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  30. ^ "Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik : Civil Aviation Ministry's Regional Connectivity Scheme "UDAN" Launched Today" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. Government of India. 21 October 2016. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  31. ^ Shukla, Tarun (6 March 2017). "Govt clears Rs 45 billion for 50 regional airports under Udan scheme". LiveMint. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
  32. ^ November 2023 Domestic Traffic Reports (PDF) (Report). Directorate General of Civil Aviation. p. 3. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  33. ISBN 978-1-935501-73-2
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  34. ^ Hoyle, Craig (2023). "World Air Forces 2024". FlightGlobal. Retrieved 27 December 2023.

External links

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