Canada–European Union relations
This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2021) |
European Union |
Canada |
---|---|
Diplomatic mission | |
European Union Delegation, Ottawa | Mission of Canada, Brussels |
Relations between
Two
History
The United Kingdom has extremely close relations with Canada, due to its British colonial past, and both being realms of the Commonwealth. However, the United Kingdom ceased to be a European Union member state on 31 January 2020. Historically, Canada's relations with the UK and the United States were usually given priority over relations with continental Europe. Nevertheless, Canada had existing ties with European countries through the Western alliance during the Second World War, the United Nations, and NATO before the creation of the European Economic Community.
Agreements
The history of Canada's relations with the EU is best documented in a series of economic agreements:
In 1976, the
In 1990, European and Canadian leaders adopted a Declaration on Transatlantic Relations, extending the scope of their contacts and establishing regular meetings at Summit and Ministerial level.
In 1996, a new Political Declaration on EU-Canada Relations was made at the Ottawa Summit, adopting a joint Action Plan identifying additional specific areas for co-operation.
Areas of conflict
There is an ongoing tension over the EU ban on the import of seal products. This was thought to be motivating factor in Canada's efforts to block the EU's efforts to join the Arctic Council.[1]
Canada has also had bilateral territorial disputes with EU member states (see: Turbot War, Territorial claims in the Arctic, and Canada–France Maritime Boundary Case).
Canada–EU Free Trade Agreement
Since as early as June 2007, the
In June 2009,
Canada and the EU remained at odds over an EU ban on importing
CETA has been provisionally applied since September 2017. See the article Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement for details of compromises made.
Potential EU membership
Since 2005, several European editorialists have considered that
In addition,
Comparison
European Union | Canada | |
---|---|---|
Population | 447,007,596[22] | 38,436,447[23] |
Area | 4,324,782 km2 (1,669,808 sq mi)[24] | 9,984,670 km2 (3,855,103 sq mi) |
Population Density | 103/km2 (268/sq mi) | 3.7/km2 (9.6/sq mi) |
Capital | Brussels (de facto) | Ottawa |
Global cities[25]
|
Paris, Amsterdam, Milan, Frankfurt, Madrid, Brussels | Toronto, Montréal, Vancouver, Calgary |
Government | European treaties[26]
|
parliamentary democratic
constitutional monarchy |
First Leader | High Authority President Jean Monnet | Prime Minister John Alexander Macdonald |
Current Leader | Council President Charles Michel Commission President Ursula von der Leyen Parliament President Roberta Metsola |
King Charles III Prime Minister Justin Trudeau |
Official languages | English and French (see Official Languages Act 1969) | |
Main religions | 72% Christianity (48% Roman Catholicism, 12% Protestantism,
8% Eastern Orthodoxy, 4% Other Christianity), 23% non-Religious, 3% Other, 2% Islam |
67.3% Christianity, 23.9% Unaffiliated, 3.2% Islam, 1.5% Hinduism, 1.4% Sikhism, 1.1% Buddhism, 1.0% Judaism |
Ethnic groups | Germans (ca. 80 million), French (ca. 67 million), Italians (ca. 60 million), Spanish (ca. 47 million), Poles (ca. 46 million), Romanians (ca. 18 million), Dutch (ca. 13 million), Greeks (ca. 11 million), Portuguese (ca. 11 million), and others |
74.3% |
GDP (nominal) | $16.477 trillion, $31,801 per capita[when?] | $1.793 trillion, $50,577 per capita[when?] |
Canada's foreign relations with EU member states
|
See also
- Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement
- Delegation of the European Commission to Canada(Ottawa)
- Foreign relations of Canada
- Foreign relations of the European Union
- List of ambassadors of Canada to the European Union
- Mission of Canada to the European Union (Brussels)
- Australia–European Union relations
- Canada–Russia relations
- European Union–NATO relations
References
- ^ "Canada signals new era for Arctic Council". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. 15 May 2013.
- ^ "EU and Canada Seek to Reach Trade Agreement". The Wall Street Journal. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2008-10-23.
- ^ "Canada and Quebec Unite on EU Free Trade Accord", Paul Wells, Maclean's, July 30, 2007
- ^ "French push on for EU-Canada free trade".
- ^ "CERT - Canada Europe Round Table for Business".
- ^ a b "European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - EU and Canada start negotiations for economic and trade agreement".
- ^ "Canada-Europe trade deal risks derailment over visa spat". The Star. Toronto.
- ^ ENBlogger. "How Visa Restrictions Impede CETA Progress".
- ^ "This Country Is Threatening To Block The Canada-EU Trade Deal". 25 October 2013.
- ^ a b "German Papers: It's Time For Canada to Join the EU". Der Spiegel. 3 March 2005. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
Canada shares the longest undefended border in the world with the United States. Their economies are deeply intertwined with hundreds of billions in trade. But this week's decision by Ottawa to reject Washington's missile defense plan shows that politically, Canadians are from Venus and Americans from Mars.
- ^ Canada, Global Affairs (24 November 2017). "Canada and Europe". Gac.
- ^ "Canada and the European Union". 19 October 2015.
- ^ "EUobserver Review 05 January 2007 (Greenland could re-join the EU)". EUobserver. 2007-01-05. Archived from the original on 2008-01-20.
- ^ "Greenland's exit warning to Britain". Politico. 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Canada and the EU". Delegation of the European Union to Canada. 2016-05-10.
- ^ "Canada eyes new funds and collaborations to boost international science". ScienceBusiness. 2019-06-20.
- ^ "Member States & Cooperating States". European Space Agency. 2021-08-12.
- ^ Garton Ash, Timothy (28 June 2006). "I've found a perfect new member for the EU. If only it were in Europe Canada shares nearly all the values of the new Europe - as well as the most characteristic of its weaknesses". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ Johal, Am (10 October 2008). "Why doesn't Canada join the European Union". Rabble.ca. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Painful Truth: Should Canada join the European Union?". BC Local News. 2020-05-15.[dead link]
- ^ https://knowledge.insead.edu/strategy/what-if-eu-invited-canada-join-its-bloc
- ^ "Population on 1 January". Eurostat. European Commission. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2021-12-16). "Population estimates, quarterly". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
- ^ "Field Listing – Area". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ Cities ranked "alpha" in 2020 by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. https://www.lboro.ac.uk/microsites/geography/gawc/world2020t.html
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 21, 2015. Retrieved 2015-01-21.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - Frequently asked questions on languages in Europe". europa.eu. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
External links
- Delegation of the European Commission to Canada
- The EU's relations with Canada
- Mission of Canada to the European Union
- Canada - EU: Negotiations Towards a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement
- Resource for information on EU-Canada Relations from University of British Columbia
- Trade information between EU and Canada, Animated infographic, European Parliamentary Research Service