Chittorgarh
Chittorgarh | |
---|---|
City | |
UTC+5:30 (IST) | |
PIN | 312001 |
Area code(s) | +91-1472-XXXXXX |
Vehicle registration | RJ-09 |
Website | www |
uitchittorgarh |
Chittorgarh
Chittorgarh is home to the
History
Originally called Chitrakuta, the Chittor Fort is said to have been built by Chitranga, a mori king.[5][6]
The
Chittor was known as " Chit-
In 1303, the
In 1567–68, the Mughal emperor
-
Kirti Stambha (Tower of Fame)
-
Fort reservoir
-
Vijaya Stambha (Tower of Victory)
Geography
Chittorgarh is located at 24°53′N 74°38′E / 24.88°N 74.63°E.[17] It has an average elevation of 394 metres (1292 ft).Chittorgarh is located in the southern part of the state of Rajasthan, in the northwestern part of India. It is located beside a high hill near the Gambhiri River. Chittorgarh is located between 23° 32' and 25° 13' north latitudes and between 74° 12' and 75° 49' east longitudes in the southeastern part of Rajasthan state. The district encompasses 350.8 square km (3.17 per cent of the Rajasthan State) area of land.[18][19][20]
Climate
Climate data for Chittorgarh (1981–2010, extremes 1973–2012) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 32.7 (90.9) |
37.5 (99.5) |
41.5 (106.7) |
45.2 (113.4) |
47.5 (117.5) |
46.3 (115.3) |
42.5 (108.5) |
36.9 (98.4) |
39.9 (103.8) |
40.0 (104.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
34.5 (94.1) |
47.5 (117.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 24.6 (76.3) |
27.8 (82.0) |
33.7 (92.7) |
38.4 (101.1) |
41.2 (106.2) |
39.1 (102.4) |
33.3 (91.9) |
31.2 (88.2) |
33.3 (91.9) |
34.3 (93.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
26.3 (79.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) |
9.1 (48.4) |
15.1 (59.2) |
20.4 (68.7) |
25.2 (77.4) |
26.0 (78.8) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.0 (73.4) |
21.6 (70.9) |
16.8 (62.2) |
11.5 (52.7) |
7.7 (45.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | −0.1 (31.8) |
0.3 (32.5) |
3.8 (38.8) |
12.1 (53.8) |
16.2 (61.2) |
17.2 (63.0) |
18.5 (65.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
12.4 (54.3) |
6.4 (43.5) |
3.5 (38.3) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 3.5 (0.14) |
3.3 (0.13) |
1.8 (0.07) |
7.0 (0.28) |
12.0 (0.47) |
88.4 (3.48) |
311.6 (12.27) |
252.7 (9.95) |
103.9 (4.09) |
11.6 (0.46) |
10.7 (0.42) |
1.5 (0.06) |
808.1 (31.81) |
Average rainy days | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 4.6 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 4.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 34.8 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST )
|
41 | 33 | 26 | 22 | 25 | 41 | 65 | 72 | 59 | 38 | 41 | 43 | 42 |
Source: India Meteorological Department[21][22] |
Transport
The completed Golden Quadrilateral highway system passes through Chittorgarh, connecting it to most of India. The East-West Corridor (Express Highway) also crosses it. Chittorgarh is situated on National Highway No. 27 & 79. National Highway 27 connects to Kota and Udaipur with a 2-hour drive, and National Highway 48 connects to Bhilwara and Ajmer.
Chittorgarh is also connected to Indore via a 4 lane highway , a 5 hour drive making its easy accessibility to India’s mini Bombay and business hub , Indore via NH56 and then SH156. This highway makes connections with neemuch, mandsaur and Ratlam also. Chittorgarh is also home to South east ASIA’s Largest highway exchange (Diamond crossing or Reethola Chauraha).
Chittorgarh is well connected to all parts of India by roads. The Golden Quadrilateral Road Project and north–south-East–west corridor expressways pass through Chittorgarh City. The bus stand (bus depot) of Chittorgarh is located between the old and new cities. There are good bus services (private as well as state-owned) available for Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Ajmer, Bundi, Kota, Udaipur, and other major cities.
The nearest airport is Udaipur (Dabok Airport). The airport is located 70 kilometres from Chittorgarh and linked by daily air service from New Delhi, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Ahmedabad, Chennai, and Mumbai.
Chittorgarh also has a small airport at Ondawa. (Ondawa air strip) serves some defence and chartered flights.
City has a helipad at reserves police lines.
Places of interest
Chittorgarh Fort
The Chittor Fort is seated on a 180-metre hill, covers an expanse of 700 acres (2.8 km2). It was constructed by the Mauryans in the 7th century CE. There is also a belief that it was constructed by Bhima of the Pancha Pandavas. This fort was the citadel of many great rajput warriors such as Gora, Badal, Rana Kumbha, Maharana Pratap, Jaimal, Patta, etc.[23]
Kalika Mata Temple
Kalika Mata Temple was originally built in the 8th century for Sun God and was later converted to a temple for mother Goddess, Kali in the 14th century. During the festival days of Navaratri, fairs are organised and pilgrims from different places come here to pay obeisance at the temple.[23]
Vijay Stambha
Kirti Stambh
Rana Kumbha's Palace
Rana Kumbha's Palace is near the Vijay Stambh. This is the birthplace of
Rani Padmini's Palace
According to legend,
Demography
Festivals
Maharana was born on May 9, 1540, in
Special puja and processions are held in his remembrance on Maharana Pratap Jayanti day everywhere. Several cultural programs such as debate are also organized.
Meera Mahotsav
Meera Smrithi Sansathan (Meera Memorial Trust) along with the Chittorgarh district officials organise Meera Mahotsav every year on Sharad Purnima day (On Mirabai's birth anniversary) for 3 days. Many famous musicians and singers get together for singing bhajans in this celebration. The 3 days celebration also features puja's, discussions, dances, fireworks.
Teej
Teej is one of the major festivals in Chittorgarh which is celebrated with great enthusiasm. Teej is the festival of swings. It marks the advent of the monsoon month of Shravan (August). The monsoon rains fall on the parched land and the pleasing scent of the wet soil rises into the air. Swings are hung from trees and decorated with flowers. Young girls and women dressed in green clothes sing songs in celebration of the advent of the monsoon. This festival is dedicated to the Goddess Parvati, commemorating her union with Lord Shiva. Goddess Parvati is worshipped by seekers of conjugal bliss and happiness.
Gangaur
The Gangaur Festival is the colourful and most important local festival of Rajasthan and is observed throughout the State with great fervour and devotion by womenfolk who worship Gauri, the consort of Lord Shiva during July–August. Gan is a synonym for Shiva and Gaur which stands for Gauri or Parvati who symbolises saubhagya (marital bliss). Gauri is the embodiment of perfection and conjugal love which is why the unmarried women worship her for being blessed with good husbands, while married women do so for the welfare, health and long life of their spouses and happy married life.
Jauhar Mela
The fort and the city of Chittorgarh host the biggest Rajput festival called the "Jauhar Mela". It takes place annually on the anniversary of one of the jauhars, but no specific name has been given to it. It is generally believed that it commemorates Padmini's jauhar, which is most famous. This festival is held primarily to commemorate the bravery of Rajput ancestors and all three jauhars which happened at Chittorgarh Fort. A huge number of Rajputs, which include the descendants of most of the princely families, hold a procession to celebrate the jauhar. It has also become a forum to air one's views on the current political situation in the country.
Rang Teras – The Tribal Fair
Rang Teras is a popular tribal fest of Mewar celebrated on the 13th moon night of the month of Chaitra. A big colorful fair and huge gathering of tribal to rejoice the harvest of wheat has been celebrating Rang Teras is customary since 15th century. It is a thanksgiving festival of farmers. Farmers pay their honor to Mother Earth for providing them food for next year.
Industries
The city’s industrial sector can be divided into
- Northern sector - Chanderiya Lead-Zinc Smelter is one of the largest zinc-lead smelting complexes in the world. Its current metal production capacity is 610,000 tonnes per annum (525,000 tonnes per annum of zinc and 85,000 tonnes per annum of lead). In the year ended March 2013, Chanderiya produced 443,000 MT of zinc and 60,000 MT of lead. The main products are special high grade (SHG) zinc, continuous galvanising grade (CGG) zinc, prime western (PW) zinc and pure lead. It also produces a number of valuable by-products including silver and cadmium.
- Southern sector - Indore road (Nimbahera road) - many big cement players such as Aditya Birla group, Ultratech cement, Wonder cement by RK group, JK Lakshmi cement, Lafarge Cement are among major industries of the southern industrial complex of the city. In the northern part of city Birla cement works (MP Birla group) also boasts of one of the biggest cement plants of the country.
- Northern Marble sector - The second biggest marble production hub of Rajasthan after Kishangarh, Chittorgarh has one of the biggest production and finishing industries and marble complexes and also a major exporter centre for marble in the country. RIICO industrial area at bypass road and RIICO industrial area chanderiya are big marble industry compounds. All kinds of marble like oynx, Italian marble, Kota stone, famous white marble of Rajasthan are in abundance.
Manpura mines are also a major mines in area. The city also boasts of big marble mines.
- Far north - Soniyana textile industrial area is the newest development in the city in the past 10 years.[24]
See also
References
- ^ "Chittorgarh City" (PDF).
- )
- OCLC 14272201.
- )
- ^ a b Paul E. Schellinger & Robert M. Salkin 1994, p. 191.
- ^ Shiv Kumar Tiwari 2002, p. 271.
- ^ Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, p. 44.
- ^ Al-Hind the Making of the Indo-Islamic World, p. 230
- ^ [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uQ7k2vQlYxEC&pg=PA230&dq=chitror&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiciMee-5ODAxXiS2wGHciKBp84ChDoAXoECAkQAw#v=onepage&q=chitror&f=false Al-Hind The Making of the Indo-Islamic World · Volume 1, p. 230]
- ^ The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians, p. 370
- ^ Tabakat-i-Nasiri, p. 124
- ^ Banarsi Prasad Saksena 1992, p. 366.
- ISBN 978-81-291-0890-6.
- ^ The Great Mughals and their India by Dirk Collier, p. 168-172
- ^ The Great Mughals and their India by Dirk Collier, p. 250
- ^ "Chittorgarh – The Largest Fort In India". The Mysterious India. 18 December 2015. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Chittorgarh
- ^ "Chittaurgarh (Chittorgarh) District Population Census 2011, Rajasthan literacy sex ratio and density". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- ^ "Location and Area". chittorgarh.rajasthan.gov.in. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- ^ "Chittorgarh District Map". www.mapsofindia.com. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- ^ "Station: Chittorgarh Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 195–196. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M178. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f "पोर्टल, राजस्थान सरकार". Chittorgarh.rajasthan.gov.in. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
- ^ "Brief Industrial Profile of Chittorgarh" (PDF).
Bibliography
- OCLC 31870180.
- Paul E. Schellinger; Robert M. Salkin, eds. (1994). International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. Vol. 5. Routledge/Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781884964046.
- Ram Vallabh Somani (1976). History of Mewar, from Earliest Times to 1751 A.D. Mateshwari. OCLC 2929852.
- Shiv Kumar Tiwari (2002). Tribal Roots of Hinduism. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 9788176252997.
External links
- Chittorgarh travel guide from Wikivoyage