Christian existentialism
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Christian existentialism is a theo-philosophical movement which takes an existentialist approach to Christian theology. The school of thought is often traced back to the work of the Danish philosopher and theologian Søren Kierkegaard (1813–1855) who is widely regarded as the father of existentialism.[1]
Kierkegaardian themes
Christian existentialism relies on Kierkegaard's understanding of
Major premises
One of the major premises of Kierkegaardian Christian existentialism
) had become perverted, and Christianity had deviated considerably from its original threefold message of grace, humility, and love.Another major premise of Kierkegaardian Christian existentialism involves Kierkegaard's conception of God and
A final major premise of Kierkegaardian Christian existentialism entails the systematic undoing of
The Bible
Christian Existentialism often refers to what it calls the indirect style of Christ's teachings, which it considers to be a distinctive and important aspect of his ministry. Christ's point, it says, is often left unsaid in any particular parable or saying, to permit each individual to confront the truth on his own.[5] This is particularly evident in (but is certainly not limited to) his parables; for example in the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 18:21–35). A good example of indirect communication in the Old Testament is the story of
An existential reading of the Bible demands that the reader recognize that he is an existing
Notable Christian existentialists
Christian existentialists include German Protestant theologians
The roots of existentialism have been traced back as far as
Existential theology
In the monograph, Existential Theology: An Introduction (2020), Hue Woodson provides a constructive primer to the field and, he argues, thinkers that can be considered more broadly as engaging with existential theology, defining a French school including
Radical existential Christianity
It has been claimed that radical existential Christians’ faith is based in their sensible and immediate and direct experience of God indwelling in human terms.[19] It is suggested that individuals do not make or create their Christian existence; it does not come as a result of a decision one personally makes. The radical Protestants of the 17th century, for example Quakers may have been in some ways theo-philosophically aligned with radical existential Christianity.[citation needed]
Further reading
- Cobb, John B. (1967). The Structure of Christian Existence(Philadelphia: The Westminster Press)
- Cochrane, Arthur (1956). The Existentialists and God (Dubuque: The University of Dubuque Press)
- Davis, George W. (1957). Existentialism and Theology: An Investigation of the Contribution of Rudolf Bultmann to Theological Thought (New York: Philosophical Library)
- Heinemann, F. H. (1958). Existentialism and the Modern Predicament (New York: Harper and Row)
- Jansen, G. M, A. (1966). An Existential Approach to Theology (Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company)
- Jenkins, David. (1987). The Scope and Limits of John Macquarrie's Existential Theology (Stockholm: Uppsala)
- Kuitert, H. M. (1968). The Reality of Faith: A Way Between Protestant Orthodoxy and Existentialist Theology (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans)
- Macquarrie, John (1957). An Existentialist Theology: A Comparison of Heidegger and Bultmann (New York: The Macmillian Company)
- Martin, Bernard (1963). The Existentialist Theology of Paul Tillich (New Haven: College and University Press)
- Michalson, Carl, ed. (1956). Christianity and the Existentialists (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons)
- Slaate, Howard A. (1971). The Paradox of Existentialist Theology: The Dialectics of a Faith-Subsumed Reason-in-Existence (New York: Humanities Press)
- Spier, J. M. (1953), Christianity and Existentialism (Philadelphia: The Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company)
- Stagg, Frank. (1973). Polarities of Man's Existence in Biblical Perspective (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press)
- Williams, J. Rodman. (1965). Contemporary Existentialism and Christian Faith (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Fall)
- Woodson, Hue. (2020). Existential Theology: An Introduction (Eugene: Wipf and Stock) ISBN 978-1-5326-6840-1
See also
- Antinomian controversy
- Atheistic existentialism
- Christian anarchism
- Christian existential apologetics
- Christian humanism
- Christian philosophy
- Eastern Orthodox theology
- Fideism
- Free will in theology
- Gymnobiblism
- Jewish existentialism
- Meaning (existential)
- Neo-orthodoxy
- Postliberal theology
- Postmodern Christianity
- Presuppositional apologetics
- Secular theology
- Theoria
References
- ^ M.J. Eliade & C.J. Adams (1987). Encyclopedia of Religion (v.5). Macmillan Publishing Company.
- ^ Søren Kierkegaard (1846). Concluding Unscientific Postscript, authored pseudonymously as Johannes Climacus.
- ^ Søren Kierkegaard (1849). The Sickness Unto Death Trans. Alastair Hannay (New York: Penguin Books, 2004), 14.
- ^ Søren Kierkegaard (1849). The Sickness Unto Death Trans. Alastair Hannay (New York: Penguin Books, 2004), 24.
- Donald D. Palmer(1996). Kierkegaard For Beginners. London, England: Writers And Readers Limited. p. 25.
- ^ Howard V. Hong (1983). "Historical Introduction" to Fear and Trembling. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, p. x.
- ^ Søren Kierkegaard (1847). Works of Love. Harper & Row, Publishers. New York, N.Y. 1962. p. 62.
- ^ Gordon R. Lewis (Winter 1965). "Augustine and Existentialism". Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 8,1, pp. 13–22.
- ^ Michial Farmer (6 July 2010). "A Primer on Religious Existentialism, Pt. 4: Augustine". christianhumanist.org
- ^ Craig J. N. de Paulo, ed. (2006). The Influence of Augustine on Heidegger: The Emergence of An Augustinian Phenomenology. Lewiston: The Edwin Mellen Press.
- ^ Desmond Clarke (2011). "Blaise Pascal", Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
- ^ Clifford Williams (July 3, 2005). "Pascal". cliffordwilliams.net
- ^ Michial Farmer (20 July 2010). "A Primer on Religious Existentialism, Pt. 5: Blaise Pascal". christianhumanist.org
- ^ Michial Farmer (27 July 2010). "A Primer on Religious Existentialism, Pt. 6: Apologetics". christianhumanist.org
- ^ Jacques Maritain (1947). Existence and the Existent: An Essay on Christian Existentialism (Court traité de l'existence et de l'existent), translated by Lewis Galantiere and Gerald B. Phelan. New York: Pantheon Books, 1948.
- ^ Woodson, 2020, p. 50-66
- ^ Woodson, 2020, p. 67-91
- ^ Woodson, 2020, p. 92-108
- ISBN 9781503134911.