Embraer E-Jet E2 family
E-Jet E2 family E175-E2 / E190-E2 / E195-E2 | |
---|---|
An E190-E2 of Widerøe, its launch operator | |
Role | Narrow-body jet airliner |
National origin | Brazil |
Manufacturer | Embraer |
First flight | 23 May 2016[1] |
Introduction | 24 April 2018 with Widerøe[2] |
Status | In service |
Primary users | Porter Airlines Azul Brazilian Airlines KLM Cityhopper Helvetic Airways |
Produced | 2013–present |
Number built | 114 |
Developed from | Embraer E-Jet family |
The Embraer E-Jet E2 family is a series of four-abreast
The program was launched at the
The first variant, the E190-E2, made its maiden flight on 23 May 2016 and flight testing proceeded to schedule with little issue. It received certification on 28 February 2018 before entering service with launch customer Widerøe on 24 April. Certification of the larger E195-E2 was received during April 2019; Azul Brazilian Airlines was the first airline to operate this model. The smaller E175-E2 was originally set to be delivered in 2021, but has been delayed past 2027 due to a lack of demand. Regional airlines in the United States were a major customer of the first-generation of E-Jets, however scope clause agreements have prevented them from purchasing the heavier E175-E2.
The E-190 E2 and E-195 E2 variants compete with the
Development
Background
During the early 2010s, the
In November 2011, Embraer announced at the Dubai Air Show that it had committed to developing new generation of its E-Jet family.[4] This option was both lower risk and lower cost than pursuing a clean sheet design.[3] At the time, Embraer reportedly foresaw a demand for 6,400 commercial jets with capacity of up to 130 seats over the following 20 years. The smallest of the new variants, the E-175-E2, seats up to 88 passengers in a single class configuration, the medium-sized E-190-E2 seats up to 120 passengers, while the largest model, the E-195-E2 seats up to 132 passengers.[3] During the late 2000s, Embraer had studied an aircraft of such capacity, dubbed the E-195X, but had discarded the concept in 2010 in light of degraded aircraft performance in the absence of a re-engine. On account of its poor sales and decreasing demand for 70 seat jets, a redesigned counterpart to the E-170 was not pursued.[3]
One key feature of these new variants would be more efficient engines with larger diameter fans; several large engine manufacturers,
The E2 family made various improvements in its performance, such as a reduced
The development programme made extensive use of digital model simulations and static test rigs, enabling rapid progress to be made early on.[8] By May 2016, less than three years after being launched, the E2 had 640 commitments from various airlines and leasing companies, 267 of which were firm orders while 373 were options and purchase rights.[8]
Flight testing
On 25 February 2016, the first E-Jet E2, an E190-E2, was rolled out. It performed its maiden flight from São José dos Campos on 23 May 2016, three months ahead of schedule.[8] It flew for three hours and twenty minutes to Mach 0.82, climbed to 12,000 metres (41,000 ft), retracted the landing gear and flaps, and engaged the fly-by-wire in normal mode. It flew earlier than the previously anticipated second half of 2016. The program had fewer challenges than expected and introduction was then planned in the first quarter of 2018. The airplane was slightly below expected weight and the other two E190-E2 prototypes should fly within a year.[1]
On 8 July 2016, the second prototype made its maiden flight; this initial flight lasted two hours and 55 minutes and was incident-free. The first E-Jet E2 flew from Brazil to
The E195-E2's
On 28 February 2018, the E190-E2 received its type certificate from the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil (ANAC), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).[19] The first production engines for the larger variant were delivered in February 2019 and should deliver a 24% reduction in per-seat fuel burn compared with the E195.[20] The E195-E2 obtained its type certification in April 2019.[21]
Production
This section needs to be updated.(August 2022) |
Inspired by the
Elements such as the cabin were examined from a production standpoint relatively early in the design process, which included the involvement of external suppliers as well. Embraer opted for a sole-source solution for the cabin; this approach reportedly enabled more aggressive deals to be secured from key suppliers and thus lowering costs while also easing integration by reducing the number of suppliers involved.[25]
In November 2017, the E2 was forecast to account for 10% of Embraer's airliner deliveries in 2018 ahead of a planned rise in 2019.[26][27] Embraer thought Airbus would not be able to lower the A220 supply chain costs enough to make it profitable and viewed the A220 as a heavy, expensive and long-range aircraft. Embraer hoped the E2's operational capabilities would win a majority of the market share as commitments were hoped to follow certification and entry into service.[26] Embraer delivered 101 airliners in 2017, down from 162 in 2008, but targeted delivering 14 E2 monthly or even 16 or 18.[24] Throughout 2022, Embraer worked to ramp production at its Sao Jose dos Campos facility, hiring Toyota to help improve efficiency on the E-Jet line using lessons from the Toyota Production System. During the fourth quarter of that year, deliveries surged to 80 aircraft, pushing Embraer's full-year deliveries to 159, up from 141 delivered in 2021.[28]
Introduction
After
Embraer targets a 99% dispatch reliability after 12 months and 99.5% after four years while the E1 took 10 years to achieve its targeted reliability.
Boeing–Embraer joint venture
In December 2017, Boeing and Embraer were discussing a potential combination.[33] On 5 July 2018, Boeing and Embraer announced a
On 26 February 2019, the partnership was approved by Embraer's
Design
The E-Jet E2 family had been built on the first generation
The raised, 11:1 aspect ratio
Embraer targeted 16 to 24% lower
The cabin of the E2 was designed around customer requirements that called for greater robustness, flexible reconfiguration, and improved maintainability.
The E2 features a
Basic maintenance inspections occur every 1,000 flight hours, up from 850 on the E1, while the intermediate check interval grew to 10,000 flight hours from 8,500.[18] The heavy-check downtime was reduced by 15% from the E1, no out-of-phase tasks are required, and control and corrosion prevention is required every eight years with 82 tasks down from 240.[54]
Operational history
On 3 December 2018, Air Astana received its first E190-E2 of an order of five, to replace nine E190LR used on domestic and regional routes since 2011.[55]
On 31 October 2019, Helvetic Airways became the fourth airline to take delivery of an E2 aircraft and the third (after Widerøe and Air Astana) to receive an E190-E2 aircraft, configured in a single-class layout with 110 seats.[56] On 1 November 2019, Helvetic Airways made their first revenue flight with the E190-E2. The inaugural flight, LX850, was a 336 nmi (623 km), 95-minute leg from Zürich to Bremen.[57]
On 21 November 2019, Binter Canarias became the fifth airline to take delivery of an E2 aircraft and the second (after Azul Brazilian Airlines) to receive an E195-E2 aircraft, configured in a single-class layout with 132 seats.[58] On 13 December 2019, Binter Canarias made their first revenue flight with the E195-E2, which was to depart from Gran Canaria at 11:35 and to arrive at Sal at 14:00.[59][60]
On 30 December 2019, Air Kiribati received its first E190-E2 of an order of two, becoming the fourth airline to take delivery of an E190-E2 aircraft. The airliner, configured in a two-class layout with 92 seats (12 business and 80 economy class), is to serve destinations throughout the vast expanse of Kiribati, including nonstop from Tarawa to Kiritimati (Christmas) Island (the current domestic flight from Tarawa to Kiritimati requires an international stopover in Fiji).[61]
Variants
E175-E2
The E175-E2 (EMB 190-500) model is the smallest in the E-Jet Second Generation family. The E175-E2 will be extended by 60 cm (24 in) from the E175, allowing for the addition of one seat row and a capacity up to 90 passengers. In 2013, the aircraft was expected to cost US$46.8 million.[62]
While the first-generation E175 proved popular with regional airlines in the United States, the weight of the E175-E2 has prevented sales to these customers. Scope clause agreements between mainline carriers and their pilots unions prevent these airlines from contracting with regional airlines to operate aircraft with maximum takeoff weight exceeding 39,000 kg (86,000 lb). The E175-E2 exceeds this limit by 5,400 kg (12,000 lb), due to its heavier geared turbofan engines.[63][64]
The first E175-E2 prototype made its first takeoff on 12 December 2019 from São José dos Campos and flew for 2 hours and 18 minutes, starting a test and certification campaign that was expected to take 24 months and involve two additional aircraft.[65] At that time, Embraer said it believed there would be strong demand for the jet from outside North America,[65] but as of 2023[update] the company has received no orders for the variant.
First delivery was initially scheduled for 2021.[64] It has been repeatedly delayed and in February 2022, Embraer announced that it will be halting development of the E175-E2 for three years, with deliveries expected to begin between 2027 and 2028.[66]
E190-E2
The 98 kN (22,000 lbf)
The E190-E2 unit cost was US$53.6 million in 2013.
E195-E2
The E195-E2 (EMB 190-400) is extended by three seat rows from the E195 by 2.85 m (9.4 ft) in length, and accommodates up to 146 seats. The variant has a unit cost of US$60.4 million in 2013.[62]
In February 2016, Embraer announced that it had decided to increase the E195-E2's wingspan by 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for greater lift, along with a
The variant rolled out on 7 March 2017 and Azul was confirmed as its launch operator.[77] It first flew on 29 March 2017, ahead of the previously scheduled second half of the year.[78] Embraer showcased the prototype at the Paris Air Show in June 2017 and planned for it to enter service in the first half of 2019.[79] By January 2019, the flight-test program preliminary results showed the E195-E2 could end up being a little above specifications at introduction.[80] It was certified on 15 April 2019, with a fuel burn 1.4% less than originally specified for 25.4% less per seat than the E195.[21] Binter Canarias was its European launch customer, taking delivery in late 2019.[81]
On 12 September 2019, Embraer delivered its first E195-E2 to Azul through lessor AerCap, configured with 136 seats in a single class.[82] On 22 July 2022, an E195-E2 landed at London City Airport (LCY) for the first time.[83] The variant received EASA certification in November 2023[84] making it the largest aircraft cleared to operate from the small airport.[citation needed]
Operators
As of April 2024[update], there were 114 E2-Jet aircraft in commercial service with 14 known operators; the three largest operators are Porter Airlines (32), Azul Brazilian Airlines (20), and KLM Cityhopper (18).[85][86]
List of operators
Airlines | E175-Е2 | E190-Е2 | E195-Е2 | E2-Jet family |
---|---|---|---|---|
Air Astana | — | 5 | — | 5 |
Air Kiribati | — | 1 | — | 1 |
Air Peace | — | — | 5 | 5 |
Azul Brazilian Airlines | — | — | 20 | 20 |
Binter Canarias | — | — | 9 | 9 |
Helvetic Airways | — | 8 | 4 | 12 |
KLM Cityhopper | — | — | 18 | 18 |
Pionair Australia
|
— | 1 | — | 1 |
Placar Linhas Aéreas | — | 1 | — | 1 |
Porter Airlines | — | — | 32 | 32 |
Royal Jordanian Airlines
|
— | — | 2 | 2 |
Scoot | — | 2 | — | 2 |
TUI fly Belgium | — | — | 3 | 3 |
Widerøe | — | 3 | — | 3 |
Total | — | 21 | 93 | 114 |
Model summary
Model variant | Orders | Deliveries | Backlog |
---|---|---|---|
E175-E2 | — | — | — |
E190-E2 | 34 | 19 | 15 |
E195-E2 | 272 | 93 | 179 |
E2-Jet family | 306 | 112 | 194 |
Source: Embraer's order book as of 20 April 2024[update].[87]
Deliveries by year
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deliveries | 4 | 14 | 11 | 21 | 19 | 39 | 4 | 112 |
Source: Planespotters.net as of 20 April 2024[update].[88]
Orders and deliveries
The Embraer E-Jet E2 program was officially launched during the 50th International Paris Air Show held in June 2013, with SkyWest Airlines, a North American regional airline, and ILFC, a leasing company placing the first firm orders for the aircraft.[89]
SkyWest was intended as the launch customer of the Embraer E175-E2, with the airline placing a firm order for 100 aircraft, with purchase rights for another 100, an order valued at US$9.36 billion at list price,[90] although airlines routinely receive deep discounts from the list price of planes. The order was canceled in Q3 of 2018 due to the airplane being too heavy to operate under scope clauses.[91][92]
ILFC is the launch customer for the Embraer E190-E2 and E195-E2, with the leasing company placing a firm order for 25 E190-E2 aircraft and 25 E195-E2 aircraft, with purchase rights for another 25 of each type.[93] ILFC was purchased by AerCap in May 2014.[94]
Overall, sales for the E-Jet E2 program have been slow. Analysts attribute sluggish orders to the weight of the E175-E2 and the positioning of the E190-E2 “in-between” other models, and Pratt & Whitney's issues with the engine. Embraer has said that it needs to sell 700 aircraft to meet its goals for the program.[95]
Initial order | Country | Customer | E190-E2 | E195-E2 | E2-Jet family | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
17 July 2013 | Ireland | AerCap | 5 | 45 | 50 | [97] |
17 July 2014 | China | ICBC | — | 10 | 10 | [98] |
21 May 2015 | Brazil | Azul[a] | — | 51 | 51 | [99] |
15 June 2015 | United States | Aircastle | 2 | 23 | 25 | [100] |
16 January 2017 | Norway | Widerøe[b] | 3 | — | 3 | [101] |
26 September 2018 | Switzerland | Helvetic Airways | 8 | 4 | 12 | [102][103] |
13 November 2018 | Spain | Binter Canarias | — | 16 | 16 | [104][105] |
18 December 2018 | Kiribati | Air Kiribati | 2 | — | 2 | [106][107] |
3 April 2019 | Nigeria | Air Peace | — | 13 | 13 | [108][109] |
23 April 2021 | Canada | Porter Airlines | — | 75 | 75 | [110] |
24 January 2022 | United States | Azorra | 12 | 23 | 35 | [111] |
6 October 2022 | Oman | SalamAir | — | 6 | 6 | [112][113] |
18 May 2023 | Jordan | Royal Jordanian | — | 2 | 2 | [114] |
12 February 2023 | Singapore | Scoot | 7 | — | 7 | [citation needed] |
30 June 2023 | Brazil | Placar Linhas Aéreas | 2 | — | 2 | [115] |
11 October 2023 | Luxembourg | Luxair | — | 4 | 4 | [116] |
7 May 2024 | Poland | LOT Polish Airlines | — | 3 | 3 | [117] |
3 June 2024 | Mexico | Mexicana de Aviación | 10 | 10 | 20 | [118] |
Totals | 41 | 282 | 323 |
Specifications
Variant | E175-E2[121] | E190-E2[122] | E195-E2[123] |
---|---|---|---|
Cockpit crew | Two | ||
Typical seating | 80 (12J + 68Y) | 97 (9J + 88Y) | 120 (12J + 108Y) |
Maximum seats | 90 | 114 | 146 |
Seat width | 46 cm (18.3 in)[124] | ||
Length | 32.40 m (106 ft 4 in) | 36.25 m (118 ft 11 in) | 41.51 m (136 ft 2 in) |
Height | 9.98 m (32 ft 9 in) | 10.96 m (35 ft 11 in) | 10.91 m (35 ft 10 in) |
Wingspan | 31.39 m (103 ft 0 in) | 33.72 m (110 ft 8 in) | 35.12 m (115 ft 3 in) |
Wing area | 82 m2 (880 sq ft) | 103 m2 (1,110 sq ft) | |
Aspect ratio | 12.02 | 11.04 | 11.97 |
Maximum takeoff weight | 44,600 kg (98,300 lb) | 56,400 kg (124,300 lb) | 62,000 kg (137,000 lb) |
Operating empty weight | 33,000 kg (73,000 lb) | 35,700 kg (78,705 lb) | |
Max payload | 10,600 kg (23,400 lb) | 13,500 kg (29,800 lb) | 16,150 kg (35,600 lb) |
Max fuel | 8,522 kg (18,788 lb) | 13,690 kg (30,180 lb) | |
Takeoff (MTOW, ISA, SL) | 1,730 m (5,680 ft) | 1,615 m (5,299 ft) | 1,840 m (6,040 ft) |
Landing (MLW, ISA, SL) | 1,300 m (4,300 ft) | 1,215 m (3,986 ft) | 1,290 m (4,230 ft) |
Maximum speed | Mach 0.82 (473 kn; 876 km/h; 544 mph) @ 35,000 ft (11,000 m) | ||
Cruise | Mach 0.78 (450 kn; 833 km/h; 518 mph) @ 35,000 ft (11,000 m) | ||
Range (full pax) | 2,000 nmi (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) | 2,850 nmi (5,280 km; 3,280 mi) | 2,600 nmi (4,800 km; 3,000 mi) |
Service ceiling | 12,000 m (41,000 ft) | ||
Engines (2×) | Pratt & Whitney PW1700G | Pratt & Whitney PW1900G | |
Fan diameter | 140 cm (56 in) | 190 cm (73 in) | |
Thrust (2×) | 67 kN (15,000 lbf) | 85–102 kN (19,000–23,000 lbf) |
See also
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
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- ^ "China's ICBC Orders 10 E195-E2 Jets". Embraer. 17 July 2014.
- ^ "Azul Orders 30 E195-E2 Jets". Embraer. 21 May 2015.
- ^ "Aircastle Signs Firm Order for 25 Embraer E-Jet E2s" (Press release). Paris: Embraer. 15 June 2015.
- ^ "Embraer Signs Order with Widerøe for up to 15 E2 Aircraft" (Press release). Embraer. 16 January 2017.
- ^ "Helvetic Airways Firms Up Order for 12 E190-E2 jets". Embraer. 26 September 2018.
- ^ "Brazil's Embraer says Helvetic signed firm order of 12 jets worth..." Reuters. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
- ^ "Binter, of Spain, Will Receive its First E195-E2 in 2019". Embraer. 13 November 2018.
- ^ "Binter will have the first E195-E2 jet aircraft that will operated by a European airline". www.bintercanaries.com.
- ^ "Embraer Signs Agreement With Air Kiribati For Up to 4 E190-E2". Embraer. 18 December 2018.
- ^ "Air Kiribati Orders Four Embraer E190-E2s". Airwaysmag. Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
- ^ "Air Peace Selects the E195-E2 and Becomes the First E2 Operator in Africa". Embraer. 3 April 2019.
- ^ "Brazil's Embraer signs $2.1 billion order with Nigeria's Air Peace:..." Reuters. 3 April 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
- ^ "Porter Airlines Orders a Further 20 Embraer E195E2s to Support Major Expansion Plan". www.flyporter.com. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
- ^ "Azorra Places Order For 20 Embraer E2 Aircraft". azorra.com. 24 January 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
- ^ "Brazil's Embraer gets fresh E195-E2 orders from Oman's SalamAir". Reuters. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
- ^ Araujo, Gabriel; Grattan, Steven; Adler, Leslie (6 October 2022). "Brazil's Embraer gets fresh E195-E2 orders from Oman's SalamAir". Reuters.
- ^ "Embraer and Azorra Seal Deal with Royal Jordanian Airlines for Eight New E2 Jets". Yahoo Finance. 18 May 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
- ^ "Brazil's Placar Linhas Aéreas adds first E190-E2". ch-aviation. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
- ^ "Luxair orders four Embraer E195-E2". Embraer. 11 October 2023. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
- ^ "LOT Polish Airlines to lease three E195-E2s in 2H24". ch-aviation.com. 9 May 2024.
- ^ "Mexicana de Aviación adquiere 20 aviones EMBRAER E2" (PDF). Mexicana (Press release). Retrieved 3 June 2024.
- ^ "E-Jets E2 Folder" (PDF). Embraer. 13 June 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
- ^ "E-Jets E2 Airport Planning Manual" (PDF). Embraer. 11 May 2018.
- ^ "E175-E2". Embraer. April 2024.
- ^ "E190-E2". Embraer. April 2024.
- ^ "E195-E2". Embraer. April 2024.
- ^ "The Single Aisle Cabin War Reaches its Climax". Airways International. Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
External links
- Official E-Jet E2 page
- "An Ingenious Plane Design That Makes Room for Your Carry-Ons". Wired. 29 July 2014.[importance?]
- "E-Jets E2 Airport Planning Manual" (PDF). Embraer. 11 May 2018.