Garden Island (Western Australia)
NASA World Wind) | |
Geography | |
---|---|
Location | Indian Ocean |
Coordinates | 32°11′39″S 115°40′27″E / 32.19417°S 115.67417°E |
Area | 11 km2 (4.2 sq mi) |
Administration | |
Demographics | |
Population | 772 (SAL 2021)[1] |
Official name | Garden Island |
Type | Listed place (Natural) |
Designated | 22 June 2004 |
Reference no. | 105274 |
Garden Island (
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The entirety of Garden Island is included on the Commonwealth Heritage List for its natural values. Garden Island is home to a tammar wallaby population.[5]
History
The island was marked but not named on Dutch maps in 1658, even though there were three Dutch ships in the area that year: the Waekende Boey under Captain S. Volckertszoon, the Elburg under Captain J. Peereboom and the Emeloort under Captain A. Joncke. However, it was outlined on the charts of the Southland, which were published after Willem de Vlamingh visited the region in 1697.
Jacques Felix Emmanuel, Baron Hamelin was the Captain of the Naturaliste, one of three
Stirling returned to the area in 1829, claiming Garden Island as part of his grant of 100000 acres (405 km2), plus any livestock remaining from the previous visit. The first settlement of 450 people was named Sulphur Town. Sulphur Bay and Careening Bay were important anchorage and cargo disembarkation points for ships until 1897 when Fremantle's inner harbour was completed.
In 1907 Peet & Co (now Peet Limited) subdivided eight-three blocks at Careening Bay. After World War I it became a holiday resort with wooden cottages erected at the bay. During World War II, gun batteries were located on Garden Island. These were part of an integrated coastal defence system for Fremantle Harbour facilities.
The
The biggest battery on Garden Island was the Scriven Battery, fitted with two breech-loading
During
Following the war, Garden Island became a holiday resort again and the home of the RAN Reserve Fleet.
In 1966, a feasibility study began into establishment of a naval support facility on the island, which was endorsed by the Federal Government in 1969. Construction of the 4.3 kilometres (2.7 mi) Garden Island causeway began in 1971 and was completed in 1973. The facility was completed in 1978, and HMAS Stirling was formally commissioned as a unit of the
As of 2008[update], Stirling is home to five frigates and all submarines of the
Since completion of the facility, public access to the island has been restricted to daylight hours. However, as of June 2010[update] public access is not granted to the public in general via the causeway unless entry is sponsored by the military. Access by sea is restricted to private boats using moorings, also under daylight curfew conditions. The Navy has undertaken various successful programmes for the removal of introduced animals; all native animals on the island are protected.
See also
References
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Garden Island (WA) (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "Natural History". Rottnest Island Authority. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
- ^ "RAN website on HMAS Stirling".
- ^ ABS
- ^ "Garden Island, WA, Australia". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
- ISBN 978-0-9806291-0-1
- ^ Dunn, Peter. "SCRIVEN BATTERY GARDEN ISLAND, WA DURING WW2". www.ozatwar.com. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
Further reading
- Statham-Drew, Pamela (2003). James Stirling: Admiral and Founding Governor of Western Australia. Nedlands, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. ISBN 1-876268-94-8.