Hague Hijacking Convention
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft | |
---|---|
Type | Aviation, international criminal law, anti-terrorism |
Drafted | September/October 1969[1] |
Signed | 16 December 1970[1] |
Location | The Hague, Netherlands[1] |
Effective | 14 October 1971[1] |
Condition | 10 ratifications |
Signatories | 75 |
Parties | 185 |
Depositary | Governments of the United Kingdom, United States, and Russia (originally the Soviet Union) |
Languages | English, French, Russian and Spanish |
The Hague Hijacking Convention (formally the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft) is a multilateral treaty by which states agree to prohibit and punish aircraft hijacking.[1] The convention does not apply to customs, law enforcement or military aircraft, thus it applies exclusively to civilian aircraft. The convention only addresses situations in which an aircraft takes off or lands in a place different from its country of registration. The convention sets out the principle of aut dedere aut judicare—that a party to the treaty must prosecute an aircraft hijacker if no other state requests his or her extradition for prosecution of the same crime.
Creation and entry into force
The convention was adopted by the International Conference on Air Law at The Hague on 16 December 1970.[1] It came into force on 14 October 1971[1] after it had been ratified by 10 states. As of 2013, the convention has 185 state parties.
State parties
The convention has 185 state parties, which includes 183 UN members plus the Cook Islands and Niue. The 10 UN member states that are not parties to the treaty are:
- Burundi
- East Timor
- Eritrea
- Kiribati
- Federated States of Micronesia
- San Marino
- Solomon Islands
- Somalia
- South Sudan
- Tuvalu
Of these 10 states, the convention has been signed but not ratified by Burundi.
Former state parties and successions
Former state parties that were not formally succeeded by any existing state include
2010 Protocol
In 2010 in Beijing, the Protocol Supplementary to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft was adopted. The Protocol makes amendments and additions to the original convention. As September 2018, the Protocol has been ratified by 27 states. It entered into force on 1 January 2018.
See also
- Tokyo Convention
- Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation
- Beijing Convention
- LOT Flight 165 hijacking#Trial
Reference
- ^ S2CID 115359289, retrieved 7 February 2024