Honorary citizenship of the United States
A person of exceptional merit, a non-
Eight people have been so honored, six
Recipients
Number | Name | Image | Award date | Information |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sir Winston Churchill | 1963 | Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, notably during World War II.[1][2][3] | |
2 | Raoul Wallenberg | 1981 (awarded posthumously) |
Swedish diplomat who rescued Jews in Hungary from the Holocaust.[4] | |
3 and 4 | William Penn | November 28, 1984 (awarded posthumously) |
Founder of the Province of Pennsylvania.[5][6] | |
Hannah Callowhill Penn | Administrator of the Province of Pennsylvania, second wife of William Penn.[5][6] | |||
5 | Mother Teresa | 1996 | Calcutta.[7]
| |
6 | Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette | 2002 (awarded posthumously) |
A Frenchman who was an officer in the American Revolutionary War. | |
7 | Casimir Pulaski | 2009 (awarded posthumously) |
Polish military officer who saved the life of George Washington, and fought and died for the United States against the British during the American Revolutionary War; notable politician and member of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth nobility, American brigadier general who has been called "The Father of the American Cavalry" and died during the Siege of Savannah. Remembered as a national hero both in Poland and in the United States.[8][9][10][11] | |
8 | Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston
|
2014 (awarded posthumously) |
A Spanish officer and colonial governor who was a hero of the American Revolutionary War, risking his life for the freedom of United States citizens; provided supplies, intelligence, and strong military support to the war effort; was wounded during the Siege of Pensacola, demonstrating bravery that forever endeared him to the United States soldiers.[12] |
- For Lafayette and Mother Teresa, the honor was proclaimed directly by an Act of Congress. In the other cases, an Act of Congress was passed authorizing the President to grant honorary citizenship by proclamation.
Legal issues
What rights and privileges honorary citizenship bestows, if any, is unclear. According to
Despite widespread belief that Lafayette received honorary citizenship of the United States before Churchill,
Lafayette boasted in 1792 that he had become an American citizen before the
Honorary citizenship should not be confused with citizenship or
See also
References
- ^ The Churchill Centre.
- ^ "Winston Churchill" (PDF). Pub.L. 86-6. U.S. Senate. April 9, 1963. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ Proclamation No. 3525—Declaring Sir Winston Churchill an Honorary Citizen of the United States of America (April 9, 1963)
- ^ "Raoul Wallenberg" (PDF). Pub.L. 97-54, 95 Stat. 971. U.S. Senate. October 5, 1981. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ a b "William Penn and Hannah Callowhill Penn" (PDF). Pub.L. 98-516, 98 Stat. 2423. U.S. Senate. October 19, 1984. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ a b "Proclamation 5284 – Honorary United States Citizenship for William and Hannah Penn". Proclamation 5284. Reagan Presidential Library. November 28, 1984. Archived from the original on October 22, 2016. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
- , enacted October 1, 1996)
- ^ "Casimir Pulaski Day". Office of Civil Rights and Diversity at Eastern Illinois University. 2005. Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ISBN 1-877864-30-7.
- ^ "Citizenship for Polish Hero of American Revolution". The New York Times. Associated Press. November 7, 2009. Retrieved November 19, 2009.
Gen. Casimir Pulaski finally became an American citizen, 230 years after he died fighting in the Revolutionary War.
- , enacted November 6, 2009)
- ^ Galvez, Bernardo. "H.J. Res. 105 Engrossed in House (EH)". US Congress. Retrieved November 3, 2014.
- ^ a b "8 FAM 306.1: Honorary Citizenship". Foreign Affairs Manual Volume 8. U.S. Department of State. June 27, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
- ^ a b "Sir Winston May Get U.S. Citizenship". Sarasota Journal. UPI. March 11, 1963. p. 5. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
- ^ Lafayette again became an honorary citizen of Maryland in 1823, as well as of Connecticut the same year.
- ^ Speare, Morris Edmund (September 7, 1919). "Lafayette, Citizen of America" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ a b IN THE MATTER OF M, 6 IN Dec. 749 (B.I.A. 1955) ("We need not consider the precise effect of the Maryland act of 1784 upon the political status of Lafayette and such of his male heirs as had been born prior to the date when the Constitution of the United States became effective (March 4, 1789). It is possible to argue that they were citizens of Maryland and under Section 2 of Article IV of the United States Constitution should be considered citizens of the United States. However, we hold that when Congress by legislation set forth the requirements for citizenship, the descendents of Lafayette who were born thereafter could only acquire United States citizenship on the terms specified by Congress, and they were not in a position to acquire such citizenship by virtue of the Maryland act of 1784.").
- ^ Folliard, Edward T. (May 25, 1973). "JFK Slipped on Historical Data In Churchill Tribute". Sarasota Journal. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- The Sumter Daily Item. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ "Lafayette: Citizen of Two Worlds". Lafayette: Citizen of Two Worlds. Cornell University Library. 2006. Retrieved September 29, 2012.
- ^ "Lafayette's Triumphal Tour: America, 1824–1825". Lafayette: Citizen of Two Worlds. Cornell University Library. 2006. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ "Letters". TIME. December 2, 1940. Archived from the original on September 17, 2011. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ Rogister, John (August 17, 2002). "Obituaries: René de Chambrun". The Independent. Archived from the original on January 1, 2010. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
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: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Gottschalk, Louis Reichenthal (1950). Lafayette Between the American and the French Revolution (1783–1789). University of Chicago Press. pp. 435–436.
- ^ Bash, Dana (December 23, 1999). "Helms says he aims to offer U.S. citizenship to Elian Gonzalez". CNN. Retrieved February 2, 2011.