Jason Hickel
Jason Hickel | |
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Born | 1982 (age 41–42) |
Nationality | Eswati, British |
Occupation(s) | Academic, author |
Website | jasonhickel |
Jason Edward Hickel
Hickel is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, a visiting senior fellow at the International Inequalities Institute at the London School of Economics, and Chair Professor of Global Justice and the Environment at the University of Oslo. He is associate editor of the journal World Development, and serves on the Climate and Macroeconomics Roundtable of the US National Academy of Sciences.[5]
He is known for his books The Divide: A Brief Guide to Global Inequality and its Solutions (2017) and Less Is More: How Degrowth Will Save the World (2020). A critic of capitalism, he argues that degrowth is the solution to human impact on the environment.
Background
Hickel was born and raised in Swaziland (now Eswatini) where his parents were doctors at the height of the AIDS crisis.[6] He holds a bachelor's degree in anthropology from Wheaton College, USA (2004).[7] He worked in the non-profit sector in Nagaland, India and in Swaziland,[8] and received his PhD in anthropology from the University of Virginia in August 2011.[9][10] His doctoral thesis was entitled Democracy and Sabotage: Moral Order and Political Conflict in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.[1] He taught at the London School of Economics from 2011 to 2017, where he held a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship, and at Goldsmiths, University of London, from 2017 to 2021.
He served on the U.K.
Scholarship
International development
Writing for a piece published in the journal
Hickel argues in The Divide that pre-colonial societies were not poor.
Noah Smith has criticized Hickel for using a single threshold of poverty ($7.40 per day) and ignoring increases in incomes below that threshold.[25] Smith notes that an increase in income from $1.90 per day to $7.39 per day would be life-changing, but would not count as poverty alleviation for Hickel.[25] Additionally, Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion's research shows that no matter where the poverty threshold is defined, the percentage of the world's residents who live below it declined from 1981 to 2008.[18]: 1
In a 2022 article published in
On his blog, Hickel has criticised claims by
According to Hickel, the focus on aid as a tool for international development depoliticises poverty and misleads people into believing that rich countries are benevolent toward poorer countries. In reality, he says, financial flows from rich countries to poor countries are outstripped by flows that go in the opposite direction, including external debt service, tax evasion by multinational companies, patent licensing fees and other outflows resulting from structural features of neoliberal globalisation.
Hickel argues that trade between developed countries and developing countries is not mutually beneficial.[33]
Critics of Hickel argue that there is a strong correlation between economic growth and improvements in welfare (as measured by factors such as leisure time, health care, life expectancy).[33]
Climate change and ecological economics
In 2020, Hickel published research in The Lancet Planetary Health based on 2015 data. It asserted that a small number of high-income countries are responsible for the overwhelming majority of historical CO2 emissions in excess of the planetary boundary (350 ppm). His analysis asserted that the US was responsible for 40%, the EU was responsible for 29%, the most industrialized countries were responsible for 90%, and the Global North as a group was responsible for 92%.[34] He has also argued that high-income nations are disproportionately responsible for other forms of global ecological breakdown, given their high levels of resource use.[35]
In a review paper written with the ecological economist
Critics of Hickel argue that economic growth can occur while emissions decrease, pointing to data that shows that many countries have transitioned to green forms of energy while still experiencing economic growth.[33]
In 2020, Hickel proposed a Sustainable Development Index, which adjusts the Human Development Index by accounting for nations' ecological impact, in terms of per capita emissions and resource use.[41][42] Hickel has also criticized United Nations' most important environmental metric, the Sustainable Development Goals Index (SDG Index) [43]
Journalism
Hickel writes on global development and political economy, and has contributed to The Guardian,[44] Foreign Policy, Al Jazeera,[45] Jacobin[46] and other media outlets.[47]
Awards
- Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and the Commonwealth (ASA) Annual Award for Teaching and Lecturing in Anthropology, 2013.[48]
Books
- Hickel, Jason (2020). Less Is More: How Degrowth Will Save the World. Penguin Random House. ISBN 9781785152498.
- Hickel, Jason (2017). The Divide: A Brief Guide to Global Inequality and its Solutions. Random House. ISBN 978-1-4735-3927-3.
- (2018). The Divide: Global Inequality from Conquest to Free Markets. WWNorton. ISBN 978-0-393-65136-2
- (2018). The Divide: Global Inequality from Conquest to Free Markets. WWNorton.
- Hickel, Jason; Haynes, Naomi (2018). Hierarchy and Value: Comparative Perspectives on Moral Order. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-78533-998-1.
- Hickel, Jason (2016). "Neoliberalism and the End of Democracy". In Springer, Simon; Birch, Kean; MacLeavy, Julie (eds.). The Handbook of Neoliberalism. ISBN 978-1138844001.
- Hickel, Jason (2015). Democracy as Death: The Moral Order of Anti-Liberal Politics in South Africa. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-95986-6.
- Healy-Clancy, Meghan; Hickel, Jason (2014). Ekhaya: The Politics of Home in KwaZulu-Natal. University of KwaZulu-Natal Press. ISBN 978-1-86914-254-4.
References
- ^ a b One Hundred and Eighty-Third Final Exercises (PDF). University of Virginia. 20 May 2012. p. 24. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ "Jason Hickel - Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology - UAB Barcelona". www.uab.cat. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
- ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
- ^ "Five reasons to think twice about the UN's Sustainable Development Goals". South Asia@LSE. 23 September 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
- ^ "About". Jason Hickel. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
- ^ "The Divide". Renegade Inc. 29 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "UVA Graduate Student Receives Newcombe Fellowship". UVA Today. 5 May 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: JASON HICKEL on NGOs and Bill Gates. YouTube.
- ^ Disk 1690-000, Diss.Anthrop 2011.H53, XX(5587297.3) University of Virginia Library
- ^ "New ACLS Faculty Fellow: Jason Hickel | Department of Anthropology". anthropology.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "Dr Jason Hickel". lse.ac.uk. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
- ^ "Jason Hickel". unitedagents.co.uk. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
- ^ "Biographies | Lancet Commission on Reparations and Redistributive Justice". projects.iq.harvard.edu. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "Virtual Consultation on the 2020 Human Development Report" (PDF).
- ^ "About us". Green New Deal for Europe. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ .
- ^ a b Sullivan, Dylan; Hickel, Jason (2 December 2022). "How British colonialism killed 100 million Indians in 40 years". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Matthews, Dylan (12 February 2019). "Bill Gates tweeted out a chart and sparked a huge debate about global poverty". Vox.
- ^ "Book Review: The Divide: A Brief Guide to Global Inequality and its Solutions by Jason Hickel". LSE Review of Books. 3 August 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ a b "Bill Gates says poverty is decreasing. He couldn't be more wrong | Jason Hickel". the Guardian. 29 January 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "A letter to Steven Pinker (and Bill Gates, for that matter) about global poverty". Jason Hickel. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ a b "Progress and its discontents". New Internationalist. 12 August 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- S2CID 155669076
- ^ Hickel, Jason. The Divide. pp. Chapter 2.
- ^ a b "The World Really Is Getting Richer as Poor Countries Catch Up". Bloomberg.com. 7 March 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2023.
- .
- ^ "Global inequality: Do we really live in a one-hump world?". Jason Hickel. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "How bad is global inequality, really?". Jason Hickel. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "How not to measure inequality". Jason Hickel. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "Inequality metrics and the question of power". Jason Hickel. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "Aid in reverse: how poor countries develop rich countries | Jason Hickel". the Guardian. 14 January 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "The Development Delusion: Foreign Aid and Inequality". American Affairs Journal. 16 August 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ a b c Piper, Kelsey (3 August 2021). "Can we save the planet by shrinking the economy?". Vox.
- PMID 32918885.
- ^ Hickel, Jason (2020). Less Is More. pp. 106 ff.
- S2CID 159148524.
- S2CID 225007846.
- ^ Hickel, Jason (2020). Less Is More. pp. Chapters 4 and 5.
- ^ Hickel, Jason (23 September 2020). "Degrowth and MMT: a thought experiment". jasonhickel.org. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
MMT proposals align elegantly with one of degrowth's key observations, namely, that if growthism depends on the perpetual creation of artificial scarcity, then by reversing artificial scarcity – by providing public abundance – we can dismantle the growth imperative. As Giorgos Kallis has put it, "capitalism cannot survive under conditions of abundance". MMT provides an opportunity for us to create a post-growth, post-capitalist economy.
- S2CID 254614532.
- ISSN 0921-8009.
- ^ "Home". sustainabledevelopmentindex.org.
- ^ The World's Sustainable Development Goals Aren't Sustainable. There are big problems with the United Nations' most important environmental metric.
- TheGuardian.com.
- ^ "Jason Hickel".
- ^ "Jason Hickel".
- ^ "Jason Hickel".
- ^ "About ASA - Teaching and Lecturing prize". www.theasa.org. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
Further reading
- Hickel, Jason (2017). "The Development Delusion: Foreign Aid and Inequality". American Affairs. Vol. I, no. 3. pp. 160–73.
- Hickel, Jason (7 August 2019). "Progress and its Discontents". New Internationalist.
- Hickel, Jason (March 2019) “Degrowth: a theory of radical abundance”, Real-World Economics Review, issue no. 87, 19, pp. 54–68.
- Hickel, Jason (10 February 2017). "Why less is more". International Politics and Society.
External links
External videos | |
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Doha Debates w/ Jason Hickel, Anand Giridharadas, Ameenah Gurib-Fakim on YouTube |