Javier Milei

Extended-protected article
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
"Milei" redirects here. For the river, see Milei (river). For his sister, see Karina Milei.

City of Buenos Aires
Personal details
Born
Javier Gerardo Milei

(1970-10-22) 22 October 1970 (age 53)
Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Political partyLibertarian (since 2019)
Other political
affiliations
Domestic partnerFátima Flórez (2023–2024)
RelativesKarina Milei (sister)
ResidenceQuinta presidencial de Olivos
Education
Occupation
  • Politician
  • economist
  • author
School or tradition
Austrian School
Signature
Websitejaviermilei.com
This article is part of
a series about
Javier Milei
Political career
President of Argentina
Elections
Bibliography

Javier Gerardo Milei

Argentine political landscape
and have garnered significant public attention and polarizing reactions.

In November 2021, Milei was elected to the

2018 Argentine monetary crisis
.

Milei is known for his flamboyant personality, distinctive personal style, and strong media presence. He has been described politically as a

anarcho-capitalist principles. Milei has proposed a comprehensive overhaul of the country's fiscal and structural policies. He supports freedom of choice on drug policy, firearms, sex work and same-sex marriage, while opposing abortion and euthanasia. In foreign policy, he advocates closer relations with the United States and Israel, supporting Ukraine in response to the Russian invasion of the country, and distancing Argentina from geopolitical ties with China
.

Early life and education

Javier Gerardo Milei was born on 22 October 1970 in

Jewish shortly before their passing.[8] His parents, according to Milei in 2018, beat and verbally abused him,[9] causing him to not speak to them for a decade;[4] he regarded them as dead.[10] He was supported by his maternal grandmother and his younger sister Karina,[1] with whom he had a close bond,[11] and whom he calls "the boss".[12]

Javier Milei attended

Rolling Stones covers. He also played goalkeeper for the Chacarita Juniors football team until 1989,[5][13] when Argentina suffered a period of hyperinflation and he committed to a career in economics.[14]

The collapse of

licentiate) from the private University of Belgrano and two master's degrees from the Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social [es] and the private Torcuato di Tella University.[3]

Economics career

For over 20 years,[when?] Milei was a professor of macroeconomics, economics of growth, microeconomics, and mathematics for economists.[3] He specializes in economic growth and has taught several economic subjects in Argentine universities and abroad. He had written more than 50 academic papers by 2016.[16][17]

By 2016, Milei had been the chief economist at Máxima AFJP, a private pension company; a head economist at Estudio Broda, a financial advising company; head economist of Corporación América; and a government consultant at the

B20 and a member of the Economic Policy Group of International Chamber of Commerce, an advisor to the G20. For 15 years,[when?] he worked at the private company Corporación América as the chief economist and financial adviser to Eduardo Eurnekian.[18]

Milei is the author of several books,

right-wing libertarian personalities, including the economist and businessman Gustavo Lazzari, the lawyer Pablo Torres Barthe, and the political scientist María Zaldívar.[23][24]

Early political career

Rise to prominence

Todo Noticias
in 2019

During the 2010s, Milei achieved significant notoriety and public exposure in debates featured on Argentine television programs characterized by insults to his rivals,

2024 Republican Party presidential debates.[35]

In February 2017, Milei generated controversy by naming

Keynesian brutes".[37]

On 26 June 2018, Milei called journalist Teresita Frías a burro (literally "donkey", meaning "ignorant" or "uneducated" in Argentine slang) after she criticized his ideological views as totalitarian.[38][39] As he refused to apologize, Milei was accused of exerting gender violence, and a local court mandated a psychological examination. Family and Gender judge Carmelo Paz forbade him from participating in public gatherings as a panelist or lecturer within the boundaries of the city of Metan, under the threat of legal action.[40][41] In 2018, he made his acting debut in his play El consultorio de Milei, with Claudio Rico and Diego Sucalesca. In 2019, Noticias named him one of the most influential people in Argentina. In 2020, he spoke in favor of protests against Alberto Fernández's government.[3]

2021 legislative campaign

From 2020 to 2021, Milei was a member of Avanza Libertad (Advance, Freedom), a political party founded by José Luis Espert.[42] During his campaign for the Argentine Chamber of Deputies, Milei focused on Buenos Aires neighborhoods, where he took strolls and had talks with ordinary people.[43] He pledged not to support any tax increases or new taxes.[44] He ran under the slogan "I didn't come here to lead lambs, but to awaken lions", denouncing what he saw as a political caste,[45][46][47] which he said was composed of "useless, parasitic politicians who have never worked".[48] He called politicians "rats", and said they form "a parasitic caste" that thinks only about getting rich.[49] He used phrases like "I'm here to kick these criminals out",[1][50] and was especially supported by youth;[51] he promoted his political views on television, radio, and YouTube.[3] Additionally, Milei reconciled with his parents.[52]

In July 2021, Milei established the coalition

Peronist strongholds in North Tucuman, Salta, La Rioja, San Juan, and in Santa Cruz in Patagonia, which is considered the cradle of Kirchnerism.[3]

National deputyship

Upon assuming office as deputy, Milei fulfilled one of his campaign promises by raffling off his salary to a random person each month, aiming to "return money to the citizens". He described this monthly raffle, which is open to anyone,[59][60] as a way to get rid of what he considered dirty money, saying: "The state is a criminal organization that finances itself through taxes levied on people by force. We are returning the money that the political caste stole."[1] His monthly raffle for his salary has given away more than seven million pesos since his parliamentary election.[61] As a national deputy, Milei had been present in the chamber 52 percent of the time as of April 2023.[62] As of August 2023, he had not proposed any laws or joined any parliamentary commissions.[63][61] One of his absences was particularly criticized by the Juntos por el Cambio opposition because it allowed the national government to raise taxes on plane tickets by a single vote.[64][65][66]

In July 2023, Milei faced an investigation into alleged selling of candidacies within La Libertad Avanza.[67][68] Businessman Juan Carlos Blumberg said that the coalition "made politics a business", which prompted Milei to deny that there were paid candidates. Milei was also accused of having been funded and supported by Peronism. Journalist Juan Luis González said that Milei "allowed himself to be financed by provincial governments, received technical, logistical, and monetary aid from the Peronism that he claims to fight, threatened all those who wanted to open their mouths".[69] Statements by the prosecutor Ramiro González did not provide concrete data about the allegations. While the investigation was still progressing as of July 2023, Milei dismissed it as a political operation to discredit him,[70] and demanded that Ramiro González be investigated, accusing him of damaging his image.[71]

2023 Argentine general election

2023 presidential campaign

Main article: Javier Milei 2023 presidential campaign
Milei posing with Villarruel in October 2022

A member of the Libertarian Party, Milei ran for president of Argentina as part of La Libertad Avanza. His running mate was Victoria Villarruel.[72][73] His younger sister, Karina Milei, managed his campaign.[3] In May 2022, Milei was rising in the polls.[74] In June 2022, he officially launched his presidential campaign.[75] In March 2023, a poll showed that 17 percent of Argentines would vote for him and that his political coalition would become the third parliamentary force in the Argentine Congress. His rhetoric was attractive to under-30 voters born during the 1998–2002 Argentine great depression and facing the still ongoing economic stagnation. His supporters include those who once voted for Kirchnerism but would now vote for Milei as a protest even if they did not support his economic ideas.[49]

As inflation rose above 100 percent in May 2023,[76] Milei's position in the polls rose.[77] In June 2023, the markets welcomed Sergio Massa's presidential candidacy, as it polarized the election between the ruling party and Juntos por el Cambio, reducing what was called the "Milei factor".[78] Notable moments in Milei's campaign included a viral video of him tearing cards from a wallboard with the names of ministries that he wants to abolish and tossing them into the air as he said afuera ("out"),[79] wielding a chainsaw on stage,[80] smashing a piñata on air to symbolize his plans, calling Pope Francis "a filthy leftist", and praising American gangster Al Capone as "a hero".[81]

Primary and general elections

Further information: 2023 Argentine general election and 2023 Argentine primary elections

In the August 2023 primary elections, which is seen as an indication of how citizens are likely to vote in the October 2023 general election,

Macrism that dominated the country in the 2010s.[3] Milei's victory was celebrated by right-wing figures including Jair Bolsonaro,[85] José Antonio Kast,[85] Ted Cruz,[35] and the Spanish far-right political party Vox.[86] Polls had predicted that Massa would secure the most votes as a candidate in the primaries, with Juntos por el Cambio expected to be the most supported coalition overall;[87] Milei polled at about 20 percent,[3] and was seen as an outsider candidate.[88][89] Initially, for the first round of the general election, with the possibility of a runoff in November,[90] Peronists saw Milei as a possible ally who would divide the votes of the Juntos por el Cambio coalition.[91]

As a result of his strong performance in the primaries, Milei was considered the front-runner in the general election. His rise has been placed within the context of the last two presidencies, those of

Argentina's transition to democracy. Observers generally saw Milei's win as a sign more of discontent with the status quo than support for his politics,[81] and his victory was likened to Donald Trump's in the United States and Jair Bolsonaro's in Brazil.[98][99] Within the Argentine Congress, Milei's coalition achieved about 20% in the Chamber of Deputies and 10% in the Senate.[100] In his victory speech, Milei pledged a new political era,[101][102] vowing to begin "the reconstruction of Argentina" and end its economic decline.[102]

Presidency (2023–present)

Main article: Presidency of Javier Milei
Presidential styles of
Javier Milei
Reference style
Excelentísimo Señor
"Most Excellent Mister"
Spoken styleSu Excelencia
"The Most Excellent"
Alternative styleSeñor Presidente
"Mr. President"
Victoria Villarruel and Javier Milei standing inside the Argentine Senate
Milei and Villarruel during the inauguration on 10 December 2023

Inauguration

Main article: Inauguration of Javier Milei

Milei took office as president on 10 December 2023. In addition to a lack of support in Congress,

economic shock, which has been described as shock therapy in economic terms, to be used as a means to fix Argentina's economic woes.[107][108][109] Following his inauguration, Milei saw his popularity rise. After the first governmental and economic reforms he and his ministers made, 53% of the Argentine people had a good or very good opinion of him, according to a poll by Aresco on 15 December.[110]

First acts

Milei's cabinet includes ministers from La Libertad Avanza and Juntos por el Cambio.[111][112][113] In his first acts as president, Milei signed 13 decrees, mostly related to his cabinet members. He also lowered the number of ministries from 18 to 9, and appointed three secretariats with portfolio rank, including his sister to the position of general secretary of the presidency, after modifying the anti-Nepotism law prohibiting the appointment of family members.[114][115]

Milei signed

general strike against the proposed policies involving tens of thousands of Argentine workers on a 12 hour strike which resulted in the cancellation of hundreds of flights.[119][120]

In a major foreign policy reversal, the Milei administration shelved plans to join BRICS, which Argentina was slated to join on January 1.[121]

In March 2024, Argentina announced a charge against Venezuela before the International Civil Aviation Organization for allegedly violating the Convention on International Civil Aviation after Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro banned Argentine aircraft from its airspace earlier in the month amid traded accusations with Milei.[122]

In the same month, Milei approved the transfer of two military Mi-171E helicopters to Ukraine, that were later received by Ukraine.[123]

On 18 April 2024, the Milei administration formally submitted a request to NATO to become a NATO global partner.[124]

On 24 April 2024, there has been protests by students over the stopping of funds to universities by the Millei administration.[125]

During May 2024, various unions have striked against his government for his cuts on spending.[126]

Economy

Argentina's inflation slowed in February for a second consecutive month, as Milei continued to push austerity and deregulation measures in an effort to revive the country's struggling economy. Argentina's monthly inflation slowed down to 13.2% in February, compared to 20.6% in January and 25.5% in December.[127] Argentina's dollar-denominated international bonds meanwhile reached new highs in March, with the 2029 and 2030 issues close to or at record high prices. The bonds have rallied from lows that took the 2030 issue to 18.125 cents in July 2022, fueled by investor bets that the cabinet of Milei, will be able to successfully transform the Argentine economy.[128]

According to a February 2024 study by the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, the poverty rate in January 2024 climbed to 57%, which has been partly attributed to Milei's devaluation of Argentina's currency.[129]

Political positions

Main article: Political positions of Javier Milei
Milei and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Buenos Aires, 10 December 2023
Milei and Israeli President Isaac Herzog shake hands in Beit HaNassi in Jerusalem on 6 February 2024

Milei's stances have been described in many different ways.

free-market principles. He criticizes socialism and communism,[146] advocating economic liberalization and restructuring government ministries.[147] He opposes Argentina's Central Bank and current taxation policies.[148][149]

Economically, Milei is influenced by the

Austrian School, a school of economics largely rejected by mainstream economists,[150] and admires former president Carlos Menem's policies.[151] He supports capitalism, viewing socialism as embodying envy and coercion.[146] Milei proposes reducing government ministries and addressing economic challenges through spending cuts and fiscal reforms, criticizing previous administrations for excessive spending.[3][152] He has praised the economic policies of former British prime minister Margaret Thatcher and called her "a great leader".[153][154][155]

Milei opposes

anti-socialist figures of the Americas like Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro,[163][164] and prioritizes alliances with the United States and Israel.[165][166] He is cautious about relations with China,[167] supports Ukraine against Russia.[168]

Milei advocates dialogue about the Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute.[50] In May 2024, he indicated general acceptance of British rule over the Falkland Islands, for the present, accepting that it may take decades for Argentina to gain control of them. Though asserting “We [will not] relinquish our sovereignty" over the islands, Milei said they would not "seek conflict with the United Kingdom" over them, preferring to resolve the dispute "within the framework of peace."[169]

Public image

Main article: Public image of Javier Milei

Milei has cultivated a complex and controversial public image marked by a blend of

dollarization proposals.[170]

Milei with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán

Milei is known for his flamboyant personality, distinctive personal style, and strong media presence, which at times causes controversy, and his embrace of

neo-Nazis and apologists for the National Reorganization Process.[69] During his political career, Milei has also been involved in several investigations, and has been accused of having a violent attitude toward journalists and critics, as well as of misogynistic behavior, including toward women in journalism.[34]

Milei is a

cosplayer, and has a superhero persona called "General AnCap".[179] He also champions free love.[180][181][182] In addition to being nicknamed el Peluca ("The Wig") for his eccentric hair,[183][184][185] which has been compared to that of Trump and fellow right-wing populists Boris Johnson and Geert Wilders,[186] Milei is known as el Loco ("The Crazy One").[187] News outlets have called him a "rock singer and tantric sex instructor",[188] a "former tantric sex coach",[85] and a "mixture of a messianic preacher and a rock star",[80] and have likened him to both Trump and Wolverine.[189] His admirers also call him "The Lion" because of the lyrics of the song "Panic Show" by rock band La Renga, which he sings in his public acts, coupled with his looks (in particular, his long hair).[190][191] In 2024, Time named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world, in which stated that "with Milei in office, there will be no going back for Argentina."[192]

The chainsaw has become an enduring and popular symbol associated with Milei[193] (he has been called the "chainsaw candidate"[194]), specifically symbolizing his "cutting" of regulations, bureaucracy, and red tape in Argentina.[195] Some commentators have called Milei's economic policy of cutting regulations "chainsaw economics".[196] Milei's supporters often carry chainsaws at rallies, symbolizing "his promise to cut down the size of the state".[197] Milei is also well known for his phrase "¡Viva la libertad, carajo!", which is uttered most especially at the end of various speeches given by Milei.[198]

Personal life

Milei (center) praying in the grave of Menachem Mendel Schneerson on 27 November 2023

Milei is not married and said that, if elected president, he would have his sister take the role of

First Lady of Argentina.[178] In August 2023, Milei announced that he was dating actress Fátima Flórez.[199] Previously, he dated the singer Daniela Mori.[200]

While raised

Jewish Sabbath could pose challenges if he became president.[170][211][212] Upon being elected president, it was reported that Milei intended to convert to Judaism.[203]

Milei owns five

spinal cancer.[69][187][213] He considers Conan his son and has named four of Conan's six clones, including one named after the original and another named Angelito,[214] Milton (in honor of Milton Friedman), Murray (in honor of Murray Rothbard), Robert, and Lucas (both named after Robert Lucas Jr.).[215][216] Milei said that he cloned Conan because he understands cloning as "a way of approaching eternity".[213] To do this, he went to a clinic in the United States; the process cost him about $50,000.[213] He has called his dogs his “four-legged children” and thanked them after his electoral win.[3][217]

Electoral history

Executive

Electoral history of Victoria Villarruel
Election Office List Votes Result Ref.
Total % P.
2023 1-R President of Argentina La Libertad Avanza 8,034,990 29.99% 2nd → Round 2 [218]
2023 2-R 14,476,462 55.69% 1st Elected

Legislative

Electoral history of Javier Milei
Election Office List No. District Votes Result Ref.
Total % P.[a]
2021 National Deputy La Libertad Avanza 1
City of Buenos Aires
 313,808 17.04% 3rd Elected [219]
  1. ^ Presented on an electoral list. The data shown represents the share of the vote the entire alliance received in that constituency.

Radio

Year Program Radio Ref.
2017–present Demoliendo mitos (Demolishing Myths) Conexión Abierta [220]

Publications

Books

Journal articles

Explanatory notes

  1. ^ His surname is pronounced with the stress on the last syllable: /miːˈleɪ/ mee-LAY. The Spanish pronunciation of his full name is: [xaˈβjeɾ xeˈɾaɾ.ðo miˈlej].

References

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  2. ^ "The making of a president – Javier Milei's life before politics". Buenos Aires Times. 21 November 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Viriglio, Veronique (16 August 2023). "Il 'Trump argentino' che sfida Kirchner" [The "Argentine Trump" who challenges Kirchner] (in Italian). AGI. Archived from the original on 18 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  4. ^ a b Criales, José Pablo (14 August 2023). "Javier Milei: The ultra-right libertarian and 'anarcho-capitalist' who represents angry Argentina". El País English. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  5. ^ a b c Compte, Juan Manuel (27 November 2017). "Milei: 'La Argentina cree que Macri es liberal'". El Cronista (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  6. ^ Salomé, René (22 July 2023). "Un padre violento, una 'misión encomendada por Dios' y una traición a los suyos: el fenómeno Milei por dentro". Infobae (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  7. ^ "Rodrigo Lussich reveló qué lazo familiar lo une a Javier Milei y sorprendió a todos". La Nación (in Spanish). 22 November 2023. Archived from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
  8. ^ "Milei reveals family Jewish link as he visits US for meeting with Musk". Buenos Aires Times. 11 April 2024. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  9. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived
    from the original on 18 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
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  27. ISSN 1553-8095. Archived
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  29. ^ "Milei insultó a Kulfas en medio de una entrevista: '¡Para vos, pedazo de mierda!'". iProfesional (in Spanish). 27 January 2021. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
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  31. ^ González, Juan Luis (5 September 2021). "Javier Milei y el peligroso éxito de la antipolítica". Revista Noticias (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
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  48. ^ "Javier Milei, l'ultralibéral qui joue les trublions de la politique argentine". Le Monde (in French). 13 October 2021. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
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Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Javier Milei.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Javier Milei.
Party political offices
New political party Libertarian Party nominee for President of Argentina
2023 		Most recent
New political alliance La Libertad Avanza nominee for President of Argentina
2023
Political offices
Preceded by President of Argentina
2023–present 		Incumbent
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