Kader Bahini
Kader Bahini | |
---|---|
কাদের বাহিনী | |
Also known as | Force of Kader |
Founder | Abdul Kader Siddique |
Dates of operation | 1971-1972 |
Active regions | Bangladesh |
Status | Dissolved |
Size | 17,000-50,000 |
Allies | Mukti Bahini India |
Opponents | Pakistan Army
|
Battles and wars | Bangladesh Liberation War |
Kader Bahini (Force of Kader) was an independent militia created during the
The militia operated against the Pakistan Army in Tangail.[3] It comprised an estimated 50,000 civilians. Siddique was wounded at the Makrar battle near Balla village. Kader Bahini is notable for the capture of a Pakistani ship with large quantities of arms and ammunition at Bhuapur. They also captured several armored cars along with bulletproof carriers.
The Kader Bahini fought 253 battles against the Pakistan Armed Forces and collaborators. Kader Bahini killed more than 3,000 Pakistani troops and collaborators, and took more than 10,000 Pakistani troops and Razakar militias as POWs in the entirety of the Bangladesh Liberation War.[2]
Background
A planned military pacification carried out by the Pakistan Army – codenamed Operation Searchlight – started on 25 March to curb the Bengali nationalist movement[4] by taking control of the major cities on 26 March, and then eliminating all opposition, political or military,[5] within one month. Before the beginning of the operation, all foreign journalists were systematically deported from East Pakistan.[6]
During the war there were widespread killings and other atrocities – including the displacement of civilians in Bangladesh (East Pakistan at the time) and widespread violations of human rights began with the start of Operation Searchlight on 25 March 1971. Members of the Pakistani military and supporting militias killed an estimated 300,000[7] to 3,000,000 people,[8] and raped 200,000–400,000 Bangladeshi women in a systematic campaign of genocidal rape.[9][10]
Formation
On 1 March 1971, the Tangail district unit of Swadhin Bangla Gono Mukti Parishad was formed. They organised the local youths and provided them with military training. After the launch of operation searchlight, local
Area of operations
The Kader Bahini operated inside Tangail area and allied with the Afsar Battalion, fought against the Pakistani Forces in Tangail. Throughout the Bangladesh Liberation War, the force stayed inside Bangladeshi territory and did not move to India, like many other units of the Mukti Bahini. Kader Siddiqui was the founder and leader of Kader Bahini was himself a native of Tangail.[12]
Jahazmara battle
On 10 August 1971, Kader Bahini in Tangail attacked two ships of the
Liberation of Tangail
On 10 December 1971, 2,000 Indian paratroopers landed in Tangail. They joined up with Kader Bahini. Together they liberated Tangail from Pakistani occupation. Captain Peter, a Bengali-Indian Army officer had arrived on 3 December to plan the landing of the Indian troops. New Tangail town was the last stronghold of Pakistan to fall in Tangail. Tangail was freed on 11 December 1971.[14][15]
Dissolution
After the surrender of Pakistan Army on 16 December 1971, Sheikh Mujib was still in Pakistan. He was sentenced to death by a military tribunal. Kader Siddique declared that he and his 50 thousand men would not surrender until Mujib returned. In 1972, after Mujib had returned from Pakistan, Kader and his men surrendered his arms to Mujib on Bindubasini Boys High School in Tangail town.[16][17]
Former members
- Sheikh Mujib after Bangladesh Liberation War ended. He went underground after Sheikh Mujib was assassinated and carried out attacks against the Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad Government. In the late 1990s, he formed his own party Krishak Sramik Janata League. He has been its president since its founding.[18]
- Dr. Nuran Nabi worked as a messenger bring ammunition and arms from India in 1971 for the Kader Bahini. He helped plan the landing of Indian paratroopers in Tangail on 11 December 1971. After the war, he pursued a career in Biochemistry and became a lecturer at Dhaka University. He completed his PhD in Japan and joined Colgate toothpaste as a researcher. He wrote a book on the liberation war called "Jonmechi Ei Banglae," or "Born in Bengal".[19]
- Kader Siddique. He is former minister in the Awami League government from 2009 to 2015. He was telecommunications and information technology minister and jute and textiles minister. As jute minister, he saw the privatization of state owned jute mills. President Hamid terminated him from his post as telecommunication minister after he made comments on the Muslim Hajj that was seen as derogatory.[20]
See also
- Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini
- Mujib Bahini
- Afsar Bahini
- Hemayet Bahini
- Baten Bahini
- Akbar Bahini
- Timeline of the Bangladesh Liberation War
References
- ^ When Indian spies trained separatists to hijack an Indian aircraft
- ^ a b Helal, Uddin; Ahmed (16 December 2022). "Kaderia Bahini and some battles of the Liberation War". The Financial Express. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
- ^ Nabi, Nuran. "The Tangail Landings: A signal for victory". The Daily Star. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- ^ Bose, Sarmila (8 October 2005). "Anatomy of Violence: Analysis of Civil War in East Pakistan in 1971". Economic and Political Weekly. Archived from the original on 1 March 2007.
- ISBN 984-05-1373-7
- JSTOR 43106996.
- ^ "Bangladesh war: The article that changed history – Asia". BBC News. 25 March 2010.
- ^ White, Matthew, Death Tolls for the Major Wars and Atrocities of the Twentieth Century
- .
- ISBN 978-1-4128-4759-9.
- ^ "Tangail was freed on this day in 1971". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ Ahsan, Syed Badrul. "Old images from a long-ago war". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ Shakil, Mirza. "Indifference dims glory of a war memorial". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ "Tangail was freed on this day in 1971". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ Nabi, Nuran. "The Tangail Landings: A signal for victory". The Daily Star. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- ^ "Akhaura has its war memorial after 38 yrs". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ Chandan, Md Shahnawaz Khan. "Our Cruel Birth". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ "Arrest warrant for Kader Siddique". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ Chowdhury, Arun. "A Conversation with Dr. Nuran Nabi". The Daily Star. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- ^ Shaikh, Emran Hossain. "A controversial career to say the least". Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 11 July 2015.