Khánh Hòa province
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Khánh Hòa province
Tỉnh Khánh Hòa | |
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UTC+7 (ICT) | |
Postal code | 57xxx |
Calling code | 258 |
ISO 3166 code | VN-34 |
Website | www |
Khánh Hòa (Vietnamese:
Khánh Hòa has a population of 1,147,000[3] and spans an area of 5,199.62 km2 (2,007.58 sq mi).[1] Its capital is Nha Trang. Khánh Hòa is the site of Bảo Đại's summer home, the Pasteur Institute of Nha Trang, the Institute of Oceanography, the Institute of Vaccines and Biological Substances. Cam Ranh Bay port is on land closest to a deep sea drop in Vietnam - the best site for submarine bases in Vietnam. An ancient temple of Champa is on the north side of Nha Trang.
History
The site of what is now Khánh Hòa had been within the territory of the
When Jean-Louis Taberd published the map of Vietnam in 1838, the province was named "Bình Hòa Trấn," with "Trấn" meaning "Department" or province.[4] In 1832, under the rule of Emperor Minh Mạng, this area was renamed Khánh Hòa and was divided into two districts, Phủ Diên Khánh and Phủ Ninh Hòa, which between them had a total of four counties: Phước Điền and Vĩnh Xương counties; and Quảng Phước and Tân Định counties, respectively.
Under French Indochina, the provincial capital was located in Diên Khánh Citadel, but it was relocated to Nha Trang in 1945.
During the
After the communists' victory and the
Geography and climate
Khánh Hòa province has an area of 5,197 km2 (2,007 sq mi). Its geographical coordinates are 108°40’33" to 109°27’55" E and 11°42’50" to 12°52’15" N.
The provincial coastline spreads from Đại Lãnh Commune to the end of Cam Ranh Bay with 385 km (239 mi) of coastline featuring numerous creek mouths, lagoons, river mouths, and hundreds of islands and islets. The province also administers large territorial waters. The Spratly Islands are part of the province's Trường Sa District. The coastline is indented by several bays, most notably the four bays of Vân Phong Bay, Nha Phu Bay, Nha Trang Bay (Cù Huân) and Cam Ranh Bay, of which Cam Ranh Bay with an area of around 200 km2 (77 sq mi), encompassed by a mountain range, is regarded as one of the three best natural seaports in the world. Cam Ranh Bay is strategically important and has been used as a naval base by several major powers throughout history.
The province is mostly mountainous. The highest peak is Vọng Phu Mountain (2,051 m (6,729 ft)) at the border of Đắk Lắk province.[5] The only large lowland area is located around Ninh Hòa in the north of the province.[5] Partly as a result of this, not much land is available for agriculture. 87,100 ha (215,230 acres) or 16.7% of Khánh Hòa's total area are used for farming, one of the lowest shares in the South Central Coast.[6][3] Forests cover more than half of the province's area.[3]
The province enjoys a mild climate with an average annual temperature of 26.7 °C (80.1 °F). There are two distinct seasons: the rainy season lasts from April to December, with the other months being the dry season, except in
Demographics
As of 2007[update], the province had a population of 1.147 million,.
Khánh Hòa had an urban population of 466,500 people or 40.7% of the total in 2007, making it the most urbanized province of the South Central Coast. The average population growth per year between 2000 and 2007 was 1.26%, close to the average of the region. Growth was particularly strong in urban areas (2.24%).[7]
Administrative divisions
Khánh Hòa is subdivided into nine district-level sub-divisions:
- 6 districts:
- Cam Lâm
- Diên Khánh
- Khánh Sơn
- Khánh Vĩnh
- Vạn Ninh
- 1 district-level town:
- Ninh Hòa(recently upgraded from district status)
- 2 provincial cities:
They are further subdivided into six commune-level towns (or townlets), 99 communes, and 35 wards.
Economy
With a GDP per capita of 16.1 million
Agriculture, forestry, fishing
Given its lack of flat land, Khánh Hòa has a relatively small agricultural sector. Rice harvests are among the lowest in the
Khánh Hòa is one of the few provinces with a higher gross output in fishing than in agriculture.[6] This is mostly due to the large number of aquaculture farms in the province, which make up around two thirds of the fishing output.
Industry
Nha Trang is the South Central Coast's second largest industrial center[5] and the province in general accounts for more than one fifth of the region's industrial GDP.[7] Food processing industries are large, especially those processing local fishing products and food for shrimp farms. Other industrial sectors produce beverages, fabric, textiles, paper, and construction materials.[6]
Industrial production is not only in and around Nha Trang. The province has also benefited significantly from investment related to the former Russian naval base at Cam Ranh, to which around 30 factories were attached.[11] A major new industrial center is being developed in the north of the province around Vân Phong Port (Vân Phong Economic Zone).
Infrastructure
Khánh Hòa is located along Vietnam's main north–south transport corridors.
As a coastal province featuring several natural deep water bays, Khánh Hòa has what is needed to develop its deep-water seaports. Nha Trang Port (a tourist and cargo port) and Dốc Lết Port (a shipbuilding and logistics port) are now in use.
Cam Ranh International Airport is located in the south of the province.
Education
Khánh Hòa is one of the most important educational centers in Vietnam. It is home to
Notes
Citations
- ^ a b Biểu số 4.3: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Bắc Trung Bộ và Duyên hải miền Trung năm 2022 [Table 4.3: Current land use status in the North Central and South Central Coast regions in 2022] (PDF) (Decision 3048/QĐ-BTNMT) (in Vietnamese). Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam). 18 October 2023. – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers
- ^ "Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Khánh Hòa năm 2018". Cổng thông tin điện tử tỉnh Khánh Hòa. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
- ^ a b c Statistical data.
- ^ Meinheit 2016.
- ^ a b c Atlat địa lí Việt Nam : dùng trong các trường phổ thông (Geographical Atlas of Vietnam). NXB Giao Duc, Hanoi: 2010
- ^ a b c d e General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 provinces and Cities, Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
- ^ a b c d calculations based on General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economical Statistical Data of 63 provinces and Cities. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
- ^ "Spratley Islands District". Khanh Hoa provincial government website. Archived from the original on 2012-03-12.
- ^ "NA candidates meet voters in Spratly Islands". Communist Party of Vietnam Online Newspaper. May 12, 2011. Archived from the original on September 29, 2011.
- ^ Thanh Ha (August 17, 2010). "Teacher overcomes privation on Spratlys". VietNam News]. Archived from the original on September 8, 2010.
- ^ "Nga xây lại quân cảng Cam Ranh?". BBC Vietnamese. 2010-10-07. Retrieved 2011-07-08.
- ^ Vietnam Road Atlas (Tập Bản đồ Giao thông Đường bộ Việt Nam). Cartographic Publishing House (Vietnam), 2004
References
- Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 provinces and Cities, 2009, General Statistics Office, Vietnam. For more recent reports, see Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 provinces and Cities, 2015–2018, archived from the original on 2023-12-10, General Statistics Office, Vietnam. See also Socio-economic data of 63 provinces and centrally-run cities 2015-2021, 2023-06-21, archived from the original on 2023-12-10, WTO-FTA, Vietnam.
- Meinheit, Harold E. (2016), "The Bishop's Map: Vietnamese and Western Cartography Converge" (PDF), The Portolan, archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-12-10, Winter, The Washington Map Society. About the author (from the article): "Harold E. Meinheit is a former American diplomat who spent much of his career in Asia, including Vietnam. He is currently secretary of The Washington Map Society."