Khadi
Khadi (pronounced
After the
The
In 1922, Mahatma Gandhi requested the Indian National Congress (INC) to start a khadi department. In 1924, due to a large amount of work, a semi-independent body All India Khadi Board (AIKB) was formed which liaisoned with the INC's khadi department at the provincial and district levels. In 1925, the All India Spinner Association (AISA) was formed comprising the khadi department and AIKB. Mahatma Gandhi was the founder of AISA. He made it obligatory for all members of the INC to spin cotton themselves and pay their dues in yarn. Gandhi collected large sums of money to create grassroots-level khadi institutions to encourage spinning and weaving which were certified by AISA.[citation needed] Handspun yarn was expensive and of poor quality, and weavers preferred yarn produced by mills because it was more robust and consistent in quality. Gandhi argued that the mill owners would deny handloom weavers an opportunity to buy yarn because they would prefer to create a monopoly for their own cloth.[14] When some people complained about the costliness of khadi to Gandhi, he only wore dhoti, though he used wool shawls when it got cold. Some were able to make a reasonable living by using high-quality mill yarn and catering to the luxury market. Gandhi tried to put an end to this practice by threatening to give up khadi altogether, but since the weavers would have starved if they listened to him, they ignored the threat.[15] In 1919, Gandhi started spinning at Mani Bhawan Mumbai and encouraging others to do so. He invented Patti Charkha, using a double-wheel design to increase speed and control while reducing size. In 1946, when huge funds were being spent on development for more productive charkhas, he recommended takli over charkha.[16]
The khadi movement began in 1918 and was marked with its own changing dynamics. Initially, a clear emphasis could be seen on using khadi as an economic solution due to stagnation, from 1934 onwards the fabric became something that villagers could use for themselves.[17]
In 1921, Gandhi went to Chandina Upazila in Comilla, Bangladesh, to inspire local weavers and consequently in the greater Comilla region, weaving centers were developed in Mainamati, Muradnagar, Gauripur and Chandina.[18]
Khadi in post-independence India
In 1948, India recognized the role of rural cottage industries in its Industrial Policy Resolution. In 1948, Shri Ekambernathan invented amber charkha. The All India Khadi & Village Industries Board (AIKVIB) was set up in January 1953 by the Government of India. In 1955 it was decided that a statutory body, the
Prime Minister Narendra Modi during Khadi Utsav (27 Aug 2022), said "Khadi was ignored after Independence due to which weavers in the country suffered" [21] and asserted that khadi is a movement to help the poor, and further claimed that the KVIC is a statutory organisation engaged in promoting and developing khadi and village industries.[22]
Muslin (khadi) in Bangladesh
The Pakistan government saw khadi as emblematic of the ideology of Congress that had led the
Muslin was registered under Bangladesh as its geographical indication in 2020.[24]
The soft or refined khadi is known as muslin khadi. Researchers have tried to replicate muslin and identified phuti carpas as the variety from the
Trademark
The KVIC holds the exclusive rights to use the trademarks khadi and Khadi India. The National Internet Exchange of India Domain Dispute Policy Arbitration Tribunal in New Delhi rejected a private entity's claim that khadi is a generic word.[26][27][28] In 2017, KVIC and the government of India fought a case[29] at the EUIPO against a German company that had trademarked the word. While KVIC obtained the latest trademark registration in Bhutan on 9 July 2021; trademark registration was granted in UAE on 28 June 2021, and the organisation registered the trademark in Mexico in December 2020.[30]
Legacy
The KVIC enrolled 2624 functional Khadi institutions
See also
References
- ^ "Khadi, Khāḍi, Khādi: 10 definitions". wisdomlib.org. 3 August 2014. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
- ^ wplly (19 April 2019). "The Origin of Khadi Fabric | Historical Story of Khadi". Khadi Cotton. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
- ^ "Khadi | Definition of Khadi by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of Khadi". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
- ^ "The Fascinating History of the Fabric That Became a Symbol of India's Freedom Struggle". The Better India. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
- ^ "Freedom@70: How Khadi is getting a new spin", The Economic Times, 13 August 2017.
- ^ Gonsalves, Peter (April 2015). "Clothing Choices in Gandhi's Swadeshi Movement". Gandhi Marg. 37 (1).
- ^ "Khadi". getcopaycom.ipage.com. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
- ^ Islam, Khademul. "Our Story of Dhaka Muslin". Aramco World. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
- ^ "Collections Search: Khadi". Victoria and Albert Museum.
- OCLC 1174022.
- ISBN 978-0-7787-9347-2.
- ISBN 9788121905657– via Google Books.
- ^ "Historical background of Khadi". chandrakantalrks.org. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
- ^ Sinha, Sangita. "The Story Of Khadi, India's Signature Fabric". Culture Trip. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
- ^ a b "Saturday Dressing: Kerala govt staff opt for khadi". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 6 January 2007. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
- ^ Shepard, Mark (27 July 2016). "Charkha Master A Meeting with Narayan Desai".
- ^ Gandhi, M.K (1955). Gandhiji on Khadi (PDF). Navajivan Publishing House.
- ^ "The story of Khadi". Star LifeStyle. Dhaka: The Daily Star. 13 December 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
- ISBN 978-8123760421. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ^ "Mann Ki Baat: PM Modi urges India to embrace Gandhi's legacy 'Khadi'". Zee News. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
- ^ @PTI_News (27 August 2022). "Khadi was ignored after Independence due to which weavers in the country suffered: PM Modi. PTI KA PD KRK" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "PM Modi in Mann Ki Baat: Khadi not a cloth, but a movement to help the poor". Business Standard. 24 September 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
- ^ Bhuiyan, Mohammed. "Fashion output on Khadi in Bangladesh : A Review". Research Gate. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
- ^ Kalam, Abdul. "GI recognition Muslin belongs to Bangladesh". Good Day Bangladesh. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ^ "Muslin Khadi". West Bengal Khadi & Village Industries Board (WBKVIB). 29 October 2018.
- ^ "Tribunal bars unauthorised use of Khadi brand name". Indiaretailing.com. 21 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
- ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
- ^ "KVIC: Court bars individuals/cos from using 'Khadi' brand name without authorisation". www.millenniumpost.in. 20 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
- ^ Shairwal, Sakshar Law Associates-Sakshi (22 June 2021). "Khadi v Khadi - Khadi's Plight in the EUIPO". Lexology. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
- ^ "KVIC Secures Trademark Registrations in Bhutan, UAE & Mexico; Files Applications in 40 Countries to Protect Brand "Khadi"". Orissa Diary.
- ^ "Khadi Institutions Profiles". KVIC. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ "Industrial Decentralization-A Case Study of Khadi and Village Industries in Jharkhand". Research Gate. p. 511. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
- ^ "A STUDY ON OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF SARVODAYA SANGHS IN VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICT" (PDF). Madurai Kamraj University. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
- ^ "Report on Re-categorisation of Khadi Institutions Revised Framework and Analysis" (PDF). KVIC. p. 2. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
External links
- Khadi Culture: Fabrics from the roots of a nation!
- India's Khādī Culture
- Khadi and Village Industries Commission (Government of India), official website
- Gul Ahmed's Khadi Collection – Explore a range of Khadi fabrics from Gul Ahmed.
- More about Khadi