Marshall S. Cornwell

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Marshall S. Cornwell
West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind Board of Regents
WorksWheat and Chaff (1899)
Political partyRepublican
Parent(s)Jacob H. Cornwell (father)
Mary Eleanor Taylor Cornwell (mother)
RelativesWilliam B. Cornwell (brother)
John J. Cornwell (brother)
Edna Brady Cornwell (sister-in-law)
Stephen Ailes (great-nephew)

Marshall Silas Cornwell (October 18, 1871 – May 26, 1898) was a 19th-century American newspaper publisher and editor, writer and poet in the U.S. state of

West Virginia Governor John Jacob Cornwell
(1867–1953).

He was born on his family's farm on

Stephen Benton Elkins. He was briefly the editor of The Mountain Breeze newspaper in Petersburg in 1894. At the invitation of Elkins, Cornwell began operating The Inter-Mountain newspaper in Elkins, West Virginia that same year, and its circulation increased under his leadership. During his tenure there, Cornwell served as an assistant clerk of the West Virginia House of Delegates under Chief Clerk William M. O. Dawson, who later served as Governor of West Virginia. In 1896 Cornwell represented Randolph County as a delegate to the West Virginia Republican Party 2nd Congressional District
convention.

Cornwell's health declined in 1896, possibly due to

West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind Board of Regents. He also wrote a column in his brothers' Hampshire Review newspaper entitled "Wheat and Chaff." Cornwell traveled to the Rio Grande in southwest Texas throughout the winter of 1897–98 to improve his health in the warmer climate. He continued writing short essays about his travels and the places he encountered. Cornwell returned to his home in Romney in 1898 where he died from tuberculosis at age 26. Following his death, his brothers William and John Jacob published a collection of his poetry in 1899 in a volume entitled Wheat and Chaff. After this, newspapers across the United States, including the St. Louis Globe-Democrat, The Baltimore Sun, The Morning Post in Raleigh
and The Railroad Trainman republished his poem "Success".

Early life and education

Marshall Silas Cornwell was born on his family's farm on

Cornwell grew to adulthood on his family's farm and although he did not have access to a liberal education, he received his education at home and in rural schools.[2][5][6] As an autodidact in various subjects, he was well-read, exhibited an "insatiable thirst for knowledge" and possessed a remarkable memory.[5][6][7]

Career as newspaper editor and publisher

In 1890 Cornwell's elder brothers William and John Jacob Cornwell purchased The Review newspaper in Romney.[8][9][10][11] Later that year, the Cornwell brothers purchased The Review's rival newspaper in Romney, the South Branch Intelligencer.[11] Following this acquisition, the Cornwell brothers added Hampshire to the newspaper's name and included and the South Branch Intelligencer in smaller print within the masthead underneath The Hampshire Review.[11] His brothers' newspaper work may have inspired Cornwell's interest in becoming a newspaper editor and publisher.[7]

In 1893 Cornwell left his family's farm and became the editor and publisher of the South Branch Gazette newspaper in

Stephen Benton Elkins.[2][7][13] In 1894, Cornwell became the editor of The Mountain Breeze newspaper in Petersburg.[14]

Elkins invited Cornwell to take charge of

In addition to his newspaper work, Cornwell also became active in the West Virginia Republican Party. In 1895, he served as an assistant clerk of the West Virginia House of Delegates under Chief Clerk William M. O. Dawson during a session of the West Virginia Legislature.[2][19][20] Dawson later served as the 12th Governor of West Virginia (1905–09).[21] On June 23, 1896, Cornwell represented Randolph County as a delegate to the West Virginia Republican Party 2nd Congressional District convention in Morgantown.[22]

Writing and poetry career

Cornwell's health began to fail, possibly as a result of tuberculosis, and he resigned from his position as editor of The Inter-Mountain in 1896.[2][7][15] Throughout his career as a newspaper editor, Cornwell wrote poetry in his spare time and had some of it published.[23] J. Slidell Brown, president of the West Virginia Editorial Association, asked Cornwell compose a special poem to commemorate the association's annual meeting in Elkins in 1896.[23] He wrote an ode to editors entitled "The Editor-Man"; however he had grown too ill to attend the conference and Brown read the poem in his absence.[23][24] "The Editor Man" was later published in the Buffalo Evening News in August 1897.[25]

Cornwell traveled to the eastern coast of Florida in search of a cure for his worsening illness in late 1896.[23] In Florida he studied the "character of the country and people" and continued to write poetry.[2][5][23] He returned to Hampshire County, West Virginia in early 1897 and initiated a correspondence with American writer and poet James Whitcomb Riley.[26][27] In a letter dated March 12, 1897, from Indianapolis, Riley commended Cornwell on a collection of his poems with special attention given to his poem "Success".[26] Of "Success" Riley wrote "your gift seems genuine and far above that indicated in verse, meeting general approval."[26] "Success" had previously earned Cornwell a first place, cash prize in a poetry competition sponsored by West Virginia University's Athenaeum newspaper, which featured his poem in their paper.[13][27][28]

Gravestone at the interment site of Marshall S. Cornwell at Indian Mound Cemetery in Romney.

In June 1897 the Board of Regents of the

West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind selected Cornwell to serve as its secretary.[29] While in Romney, Cornwell wrote a column for his brothers' Hampshire Review newspaper, entitled "Wheat and Chaff."[30]

During the winter of 1897–98 Cornwell again traveled to a warmer climate to recuperate from his illness; this time to El Paso, Texas and other locations along the Rio Grande in Texas.[5][7][13] He continued to write throughout his travels, and authored short essays about the new places and people he encountered.[23] His brothers William and John Jacob Cornwell published some of these works in the Hampshire Review.[23] While in El Paso Cornwell sent a message to his family in Romney informing them he "had given up the battle and was coming home to die."[31] Cornwell returned to his home in Romney,[5] where he remained during the final stages of his illness.[31] Family members surrounded Cornwell during his last hour.[31] He succumbed to tuberculosis[32][33] and died at his home in Romney on the morning of May 26, 1898, at age 26.[4][5][34] Cornwell was interred in Indian Mound Cemetery in Romney.[4][5][35] During his graveside service, Reverend Washburn read Cornwell's poem "Some Day."[36]

Literary works

Cornwell addressed a variety of topics in his writing.[23] While much of his earlier poetry was concerned with weather and the natural environment and landscapes,[23] he authored "Only A Tramp", honoring an unnamed man killed by a Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad train.[23][37] Author Kenneth R. Bailey described the poem as "a sensitive piece about a less fortunate man whose story would never be known but whose life was not to be scorned".[23] According to Bailey, as his health deteriorated from his terminal illness, his later poetry was "introspective, poignant, even philosophical, but not sad".[23]

After Cornwell's death, his brothers William and John Jacob received numerous requests for copies of his poetry.[23] In response, and as a memorial to their brother,[23][38][39] William and John Jacob published a collection of Cornwell's poetry in 1899 entitled Wheat and Chaff.[5][40][41] Wheat and Chaff, the name of his column in the Hampshire Review, was a pocket-sized volume of around 95 pages, containing poetry, letters and extracts from correspondence written throughout the course of Cornwell's journeys.[7][38]

According to West Virginia historian

Virgil Anson Lewis in his History and Government of West Virginia (1912), Wheat and Chaff was Cornwell's "best and most enduring monument".[5] Cornwell's poem "Success" was republished in the St. Louis Globe-Democrat,[42][43][44] The Baltimore Sun (1904) along with an abbreviated biography,[13] The Morning Post in Raleigh (1904),[45] and The Railroad Trainman (1906).[42][43][44]

References

  1. ^ a b c Munske & Kerns 2004, p. 161.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Maxwell & Swisher 1897, p. 448.
  3. ^ a b "Birth Record Detail: Marshall S. Cornwell". West Virginia Vital Research Records. West Virginia Division of Culture and History. Archived from the original on November 26, 2017. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
  4. ^ a b c "Indian Mound Cemetery: Hampshire County's Most Historic Cemetery – List of Interments". HistoricHampshire.org. HistoricHampshire.org, Charles C. Hall. Archived from the original on November 26, 2017. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Lewis 1912, p. 271.
  6. ^ a b Painter 1907, p. 322.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Bailey 2011, p. 8.
  8. OCLC 852772682. Archived from the original on January 7, 2014 – via Google Books
    .
  9. ^ Munske & Kerns 2004, pp. 111 & 161.
  10. ^ Harris 1917, p. 753.
  11. ^ a b c Hampshire County Extension Homemakers 1991, p. 141.
  12. ^
    Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  13. ^ a b c d "Gems From The Poets". The Baltimore Sun. Baltimore. June 20, 1904. p. 6. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 28, 2017 – via NewspaperArchive.com.(subscription required)
  14. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  15. ^ a b Maxwell 1898, p. 289.
  16. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  17. ^
    Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  18. ^ Cornwell 1899, pp. 31–2.
  19. ^ West Virginia Department of Archives and History 1906, p. 274.
  20. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  21. ^ West Virginia Legislature 2011, p. 323.
  22. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Bailey 2011, p. 9.
  24. ^ Cornwell 1899, pp. 48–9.
  25. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  26. ^ a b c Maxwell & Swisher 1897, p. 449.
  27. ^ a b Bailey 2011, p. 10.
  28. ^ Cornwell 1899, p. 17.
  29. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  30. ^ "Home Side Of Mr. Cornwell". Beckley Raleigh Register. Beckley. August 31, 1916. p. 8. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 28, 2017 – via NewspaperArchive.com.(subscription required)
  31. ^ a b c Cornwell 1899, p. 10.
  32. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  33. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  34. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)
  35. ^ Cornwell 1899, p. 11.
  36. ^ Cornwell 1899, p. 14.
  37. ^ Cornwell 1899, p. 23.
  38. ^ a b Painter 1907, p. 321.
  39. ^ Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 1928, p. 51.
  40. ^ Ambler 1933, p. 497.
  41. ^ Callahan 1913, p. 567.
  42. ^ a b Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen 1906, p. 809.
  43. ^ a b Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen 1906, p. 812.
  44. ^ a b Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen 1906, p. 816.
  45. Newspapers.com
    . (subscription required)

Bibliography

External links