Mayiladuthurai

Coordinates: 11°06′06″N 79°39′09″E / 11.101800°N 79.652600°E / 11.101800; 79.652600
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Mayiladuthurai
Mayavaram
Mayuram
UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
609001
Telephone code+91–4364
Vehicle registrationTN-82

Mayiladuthurai (formerly known as Mayavaram or Mayuram) is a Municipality and district headquarter of Mayiladuthurai district in Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located at a distance of 256 km (159 mi) from the state capital, Chennai.

Mayiladuthurai was ruled by

Thanjavur Marathas and the British Empire. Mayiladuthurai was a part of the erstwhile Tanjore district until India's independence in 1947 and Thanjavur district until 1991 and subsequently a part of the newly formed Nagapattinam district. The town is known for agriculture and weaving. As Mayiladuthurai District is situated in East Coast, fishing plays a vital role on generating its revenue. In 2023, the district was declared as a protected agricultural zone.[1]

Mayiladuthurai is administered by a town panchayat established in 1866. As of 2008, the Panchayat covered an area of 11.27 km2 (4.35 sq mi). Mayiladuthurai comes under the

Member of Parliament (MP) once in five years. It is well connected by road and rail transport. Mayiladuthurai serves as an important junction in main line connecting Chennai with Trichy. Roadways and Railways are the major mode of transportation to the town. The nearest airport, Pondicherry Airport
, is located 116 km (72 mi) from the town.

Mayiladuthurai was carved out of Nagapattinam district and inaugurated as the 38th district of Tamil Nadu on December 28, 2020.[2]

Etymology

Mayiladuthurai is derived from the word Mayil (peacock).

peahen form worshipping lingam, an iconic symbol of Shiva.[3]

History

Mayuranathaswami temple tank filled with water from the Kaveri River

Mayiladuthurai is of significant antiquity, its oldest extant temples dating to the time of the

M.S.Udhaya Moorthy studied at the Municipal High School in Mayiladuthurai.[11] According to local folklore, Mayiladuthurai was associated with Hindu holy men called "Siddhars".[11] To this day, a neighbourhood of Mayiladuthurai is called Siddharkaadu.[11] When the Tanjore district was trifurcated in 1991, Mayiladuthurai was transferred to the newly formed Nagapattinam district
.

Mayiladuthurai was inaugurated as the 38th district of Tamil Nadu on December 28, 2020. The district was carved out of the existing Nagapattinam district and inaugurated by the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister K Palaniswami. The declaration was made earlier on March 24, 2020.[12][13]

Geography and climate

Bridge across the Cauvery River connecting Uttara Mayuram with Mayiladuthurai town

Mayliladuthurai is situated at a distance of 281 kilometres (175 mi) from Chennai and 122 kilometres (76 mi) from

Parimala Ranganatha Perumal temple is situated at Tiruindalur, which lies North of Cauvery river. There is a bathing ghat on the Cauvery river. Agriculture is the most widely practised occupation.[16]

The climate of Mayiladuthurai is generally Tropical which features fairly hot temperatures over the year except during monsoon seasons.The average maximum temperature is 39.4 degrees Celsius while the average minimum temperature is 32.8 degrees Celsius.[14] The average annual rainfall is 1,125 mm.[14]

Administration and politics

Municipality Officials
Chairman N.Selvaraj[17]
Commissioner K. Parthiban[18]
Vice Chairman N. Selvaraj[19]
Elected Members
Member of Legislative Assembly S.Rajakumar[20]
Member of Parliament S.Ramalingam[21]

It is the headquarters of the newly formed Mayiladuthurai district. The town of Mayiladuthurai is administered by a municipal council which was created in 1866 as per the Town Improvements Act 1865. The council initially had eleven members.[22] This was increased to 18 in 1883 and currently stands at 36.[22][23]

As of 2008, the municipality covered an area of 11.27 km2 (4.35 sq mi) and had a total of 36 members. The functions of the municipality is devolved into six departments: General, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, Town planning and the Computer Wing. All these departments are under the control of a Municipal Commissioner who is the supreme executive head.[24] The legislative powers are vested in a body of 36 members, one each from the 36 wards.[25] The legislative body is headed by an elected Chairperson assisted by a Deputy Chairperson.[26] There are a total of four revenue villages with Mayiladuthurai - Thiruvilandur, Dharmapuram, Nanchilnadu and Kornad.[27] The municipality has allocated a budget of ₹2,183,350,000 for the year 2010–11.[28]

Construction of a new bus stand at Manakudi and New Collectorate near Palpannai are underway.

Mayiladuthurai is represented in the

Mayiladuthurai state assembly constituency seat.[29]

Mayiladuthurai (Lok Sabha constituency).[30][31] The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is S. Ramalingam of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
party.

Utility services

Potable water is provided by the municipality. Mayiladuthurai's main source of water in the Kollidam River.[32] A total of 7.50 MLD are pumped out every day from five water tanks located in various parts of the town.[32] About 104 metric tonnes of solid waste is generated everyday, while 85 metric tonnes are collected from the town every day by door-to-door collection and subsequently the source segregation and dumping is carried out by the sanitary department of the municipality.[33] There is limited underground drainage system in the town and the major sewerage system for disposal of sullage is through septic tanks, open drains and public conveniences.[34] The municipality maintains a total of 39 km (24 mi) of surfaced storm water drains and 4 km (2.5 mi) kutcha drains in Mayiladuthurai.[34][35] There are five government hospitals that include a maternity and a veterinary hospital and seventeen private hospitals and clinics that take care of the health care needs of the citizens.[36] The municipality operates four markets, namely a vegetable market, weekly market, farmer's market (uzhavar santhai) and fish market that cater to the needs of the town and the rural areas around it.[37]

Demographics

Religious census
Religion Percent(%)
Hindu
 
 88.69%
Muslim
 
 6.38%
Christian
 
 4.19%
Sikh
 
 0.04%
Buddhist
 
 0.03%
Jain
 
 0.32%
Other
 
 0.35%

According to 2011 census, Mayiladuthurai had a population of 85,632 with a sex-ratio of 1,045 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[41] A total of 7,720 were under the age of six, constituting 3,883 males and 3,837 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 5.87% and .57% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 83.55%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[41] The town had a total of 21929 households. There were a total of 29,855 workers, comprising 321 cultivators, 707 main agricultural labourers, 734 in house hold industries, 23,004 other workers, 5,089 marginal workers, 74 marginal cultivators, 485 marginal agricultural labourers, 246 marginal workers in household industries and 4,284 other marginal workers.[40] As of 2001, there are 26 slums in Mayiladuthurai with a total population of 32,381.[27]

The density of population is higher in the core areas along the banks of river Cauvery compared to the peripheral areas.[42] As of 1996, a total 498.84 ha (4.9884 km2) (44.27%) of the land was used for residential, 68.87 ha (0.6887 km2) (6.11%) for commercial, 6.33 ha (0.0633 km2) (0.56%) for industrial, 22.35 ha (0.2235 km2) (1.98%) for educational, 24.27 ha (0.2427 km2) (2.16%) for public & semi public purposes and 506.35 ha (5.0635 km2) (44.92%) of agricultural area.[43] As of 2008, there were a total of 26 notified slums, with 16,434 comprising 13% of the total population residing in those.[44] The municipal data, however, pointed out an increase in population in slum areas.[42]

Buddhists, 0.32% Jains and 0.35% following other religions.[46]

Economy

Clock tower in M. G. Road, Mayiladuthurai

The economy of Mayiladuthurai is primarily agro-based.[47] The main products of Mayiladuthurai are rice, coconuts and plaintains.[48] Confectioneries, printing presses, vehicle manufacturing units and rice mills are the major industries in Mayiladuthurai.[47] Industrial workers form barely 27.14 percent of the town's population.[47] Mayiladuthurai is known for a unique variety of cloth known as the "Kornad cloths" which derives its name from the suburb of Kornad where they are manufactured.[48][49] These cloths are made up of a mixture of cotton and silk and dyed in bright colours.[49]

The municipality runs a vegetable market and fish market in the town.[50] There are many departmental stores in Mayiladuthurai. The only shopping complex is the Kittappa commercial complex which is maintained by the municipality.[50] The Indian Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, State Bank of India, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, City Union Bank, Vijaya Bank, Lakshmi Vilas Bank, Karur Vysya Bank, HDFC Bank, Tamilnad Mercantile Bank, ICICI Bank, Punjab National Bank, Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, IndusInd Bank, Mayuram co-operative bank have their branches located in municipal town. also the other regional banks like Kumbakonam Central Cooperative Bank and the Kumbakonam Mutual Benefit Fund have their branches in Mayiladuthurai.[51]

Education

Children in an elementary school in Mayiladuthurai

The first schools in Mayiladuthurai were founded by Christian missionaries in April 1819.

A. R. C. Vishwanathan College, C.I.I.T. Community College,(TNOU), Dharmapuram Adhinam Arts College, D. G. Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai Meenakshi Ramasamy Arts & Science College and Mayiladuthurai Community Centre are some of the important colleges in Mayiladuthurai.[54][55] All these colleges are affiliated to the Annamalai University in Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram.[55]

Transport

Mayiladuthurai Junction
Mayiladuthurai Bus Station

By Air

The nearest international airport is the

Karaikal
located 40 km (25 mi) away.

By Road

The newly constructed Muttam bridge provides connectivity to Kattumannarkoil which at the distance of 28 km in the north and considerably reduce the travel time to northern districts and Chennai. As of 2007, Mayiladuthurai municipality accommodated 87.54 km (54.39 mi) of roads: 5.6 km (3.5 mi) of cement roads, 75.8 km (47.1 mi) of bituminous roads, 3.46 km (2.15 mi) of WBM roads and 2.6 km (1.6 mi) of earthen roads. Additionally, there were 20.85 km (12.96 mi) of highways in the town.[56] The State Highways SH-23 and SH-64 upgrade NH136B pass through Mayiladuthurai.[57] There are 2 bus stands currently one serving Karaikkal, Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur routes and the other principal bus stand is located on the Kumbakonam-Sirkazhi SH-64 State Highway.[58][59][dead link] It has a total of 12 bus bays and rated class B as it has basic restaurant, toilet and lighting facilities.New bustand construction work started.[58][59] There are regular bus services to important cities in Tamil Nadu.[57] There are also regular services to other South Indian cities like Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai and Pondicherry.[57] Mayiladuthurai forms a part of the Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation which is headquartered at Kumbakonam.[60]

By Rail

Tiruchirapalli, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam[62] Chidambaram, Cuddalore and Viluppuram.[61][63]

Culture

Entrance to the Dakshinamoorthi temple in Mayiladuthurai

Mayiladuthurai has several ancient temples such as Mayuranathaswami Temple, a prominent

Vaishnavite
shrine which are located in the city.

The

Medieval Cholas.[64]

The Vadaranyeswarar temple and Kailasanathar temple in utthara mayuram, the Tulakattam Kashiviswanathar Temple, the Padithurai Vishwanathar temple, the Aiyaarappar Temple, and the Punukeeswarar Temple at Koranad, Mayiladuthurai are another important ancient Shiva temples in Mayiladuthurai.[65]

The prominent Vaishnava temples in the town are Parimala Rangnathar Vishnu temple of lord Vishnu at Thiruvilandur on the northern banks of the Cauvery, a Divya desam and a Pancha rangam,[66] Adhi Ranganathar temple and Kolikutti Vanamutti Perumal temple.

The Kadai Muzhukku, a famous festival of holy bath, is organised at the Tulakattam Kaveri river ghat during the month of Ippasi.

Other important festivals celebrated at the temple are

Karthigai Deepam and Vaikashi Brahmavotsavam[64] A yearly dance festival called the Mayura Natyanjali is conducted within the precincts of the Mayuranathaswami Temple by the Saptasvarangal Trust during Maha Shivaratri on the pattern of the Chidambaram Natyanjali festival.[67][68]

Tourist attractions

The

Karaikkal are the most prominent tourist attractions located around the town.[69]

Notes

  1. ISSN 0971-751X
    . Retrieved 29 April 2024.
  2. ^ "Mayiladuthurai Announced As 38th District Of Tamil Nadu". dtNext.in. 28 December 2020. Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  3. ^ Ayyar 1920, p 271
  4. ^ Archaeological Survey of India 1969, p. 23
  5. ^ T. S. Subramanian (1 May 2006). "Significance of Mayiladuthurai find". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 17 June 2006. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  6. ^ T. S. Subramanian (27 April 2008). "Megalithic pottery found". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2008. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  7. ^ Swami 1939, p. 317
  8. ^ Aiyangar 1919, p. 324
  9. ^ Trivedi 1971, p. 53
  10. ^ S. S. 1996, p. 125
  11. ^ a b c "Historical Moments: History of Mayuram". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  12. ^ "Nagapattinam District Home Page". Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  13. ^ D. Vincent Arockiaraj (28 December 2020). "Edappadi K Palaniswami: Tamil Nadu CM Edappadi K Palaniswami inaugurates newly created Mayiladuthurai district | Chennai News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  14. ^ a b c d K. 1974
  15. ^ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Madurai, India". Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  16. ^ "Agriculture | Mayiladuthurai District, Government of Tamilnadu | India". Retrieved 29 April 2024.
  17. ^ "Chairman of Mayiladuthurai". Mayiladuthurai Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  18. ^ "Commissioner of Mayiladuthurai". Mayiladuthurai Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  19. ^ "Vice Chairman of Mayiladuthurai". Mayiladuthurai Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  20. ^ "MLA of Mayiladuthurai". Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Archived from the original on 6 October 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  21. ^ "Members of Lok Sabha from Tamil Nadu". Government of Tamil Nadu. 2014. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
  22. ^ a b "About Us". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  23. ^ a b Hemingway, p. 213
  24. ^ "Commissionerate of Municipal Administration". Commissionerate of Municipal Administration. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  25. ^ "Councillors of municipality". Mayiladuthurai municipality. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  26. ^ Economic and political weekly 1995, p. 2396
  27. ^ a b c d "General Information". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  28. ^ "Budget 2010–11" (PDF) (in Tamil). Mayiladuthurai Municipality. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  29. ^ "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Constituency map". Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  30. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1962 to the Third Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 49. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  31. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 79. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  32. ^ a b "Water supply". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  33. ^ "Solid waste management". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  34. ^ a b Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, pp. 8-9
  35. ^ "Storm water drainage". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  36. ^ "Mayiladuthurai hospitals". Mayiladuthurai municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  37. ^ "Mayiladuthurai Markets". Mayiladuthurai Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  38. ^ Census of India, 1931, p. 24
  39. ^ Census of India, 1991, p. 548
  40. ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Mayiladuthurai". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  41. ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  42. ^ a b Urban Infrastructure Report 2007, p. 3
  43. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2007, p. 5
  44. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2007, p. v
  45. ^ "Mayiladuthurai: Mani means business". India Today. 16 (7–12). 1991.
  46. ^ "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
  47. ^ a b c "Industry". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  48. ^ a b South Indian Railway Co. Ltd. 1926, p. 52
  49. ^ a b W., p. 160
  50. ^ a b "Markets and commercial complexes". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  51. ^ "Banks and ATM Centres". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  52. ^ Church Missionary Society 1825, p. 79
  53. ^ "Schools in Mayiladuthurai". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  54. ^ Commonwealth universities yearbook 2003, p. 737
  55. ^ a b Gupta 2006, p. 123
  56. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2007, p. 9
  57. ^ a b c "How to reach". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  58. ^ a b "Bus Stand". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  59. ^ a b Urban Infrastructure Report 2007, p. 10
  60. ^ "Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (KUM DIV-I) Ltd., Kumbakonam". Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  61. ^ a b "Train availability at stations". Indian Railways. 2012. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
  62. ^ "Passenger trains to be run on Mayiladuthurai-Tiruvarur line". The Hindu. Tiruchi. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  63. ^ "Passenger trains to Mayiladuthurai, Katpadi, flagged off at Villupuram". The Hindu. Villupuram. 30 March 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  64. ^ a b "Sri Mayuranathar temple". Dinamalar. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  65. ^ "Places of Interest". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Archived from the original on 20 September 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  66. ^ Ayyar 1920, p 281
  67. ^ "Mayura Natyanjali". Saptasvarangal Trust. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  68. ^ "Brilliant show by Chennai dance school students". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 4 May 2009. Archived from the original on 9 March 2009. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  69. ^ "Places of tourists". Mayiladuthurai Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2014.

References

External links

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