Meditation music
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Meditation music is music performed to aid in the practice of meditation. It can have a specific religious content, but also more recently has been associated with modern composers who use meditation techniques in their process of composition, or who compose such music with no particular religious group as a focus. The concept also includes music performed as an act of meditation.
History
Modern meditation music in the 20th century began when composers such as John Cage, Stuart Dempster, Pauline Oliveros, Terry Riley, La Monte Young and Lawrence Ball began to combine meditation techniques and concepts, and music. Specific works include Karlheinz Stockhausen's Inori (1974), Mantra (1970), Hymnen (1966–67), Stimmung (1968), and Aus den sieben Tagen (1968), and Ben Johnston, whose Visions and Spells (a realization of Vigil (1976)), requires a meditation period prior to performance. R. Murray Schafer's concepts of clairaudience (clean hearing) as well as the ones found in his The Tuning of the World (1977) are meditative.[1]
Stockhausen describes Aus den sieben Tagen as "intuitive music" and in the piece "Es" from this cycle the performers are instructed to play only when not thinking or in a state of nonthinking (Von Gunden asserts that this is contradictory and should be "think about your playing"). John Cage was influenced by Zen and pieces such as Imaginary Landscape No. 4 for twelve radios are "meditations that measure the passing of time".[2]
Relational effects
Music can provide many psychological benefits including
In a July 2018 study, volunteers between the ages of 60 and 80 who were listening to healing music, meditating for one to two hours a day, and eating a sugar-free healthy diet[vague] exhibited sharper memory and cognitive skills with happy and cheerful behavioral patterns compared to those who were not.[8]
Meditation music can help improve focus while performing mechanical tasks. A June 2019 study that observed neurosurgeons performing microsurgical training bypasses with and without meditation music showed a slight improvement in the total time utilized by novice surgeons. While the total time utilized by experienced surgeons remained unchanged, the thread length used in the training bypasses was significantly different[clarification needed] for both surgeons.[9]
Meditation music can have positive effects on people recovering from
Christian meditation music
Some Christian faiths, particularly the Catholic Church, reject meditation practice from outside their traditions, particularly new-age music.
Zen meditation music
Specific works include Tony Scott's Music for Zen Meditation.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ Von Gunden 1983, pp. 103–104.
- ^ Von Gunden 1983, p. 104.
- PMID 23940541.
- ^ "The magic of mindfulness". Harvard Health. 2013-09-01. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- ^ "Mindfulness". nhs.uk. 2021-02-01. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- ^ PhD, James Cartreine (2018-11-06). "Mindfulness apps: How well do they work?". Harvard Health. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- ^ "Meditation Music: The Science Behind How Music Helps us to Relax". Therachat Blog. 2017-08-17. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- ^ csu-un.primo.exlibrisgroup.com https://csu-un.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?&context=PC&vid=01CALS_UNO:01CALS_UNO&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=LibraryCatalog&docid=cdi_elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_jalz_2018_07_019. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
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(help) - ^ csu-un.primo.exlibrisgroup.com https://csu-un.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?&context=PC&vid=01CALS_UNO:01CALS_UNO&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=LibraryCatalog&docid=cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2245646090. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
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(help) - S2CID 218925012.
- ^ csu-un.primo.exlibrisgroup.com https://csu-un.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?&context=PC&vid=01CALS_UNO:01CALS_UNO&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=LibraryCatalog&docid=cdi_crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2019_134620. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
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(help) - ^ Anon. 2003.
- ^ Arie 2003.
- ^ Krumboltz and Chan 2005, p. 358.
- ^ Pontifical Council for Culture, and Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue 2003.
Cited sources
- Anon. (2003). "Vatican Book Is Offering Reflections On 'New Age'". The New York Times (4 February).
- Arie, Sophie (2003). "Beware New Age, Vatican Tells Flock". The Guardian (Thursday 30 January).
- Krumboltz, John D., and Anne Chan (2005). "Professional Issues in Vocational Psychology". In Handbook of Vocational Psychology: Theory, Research, and Practice, third edition, edited by W. Bruce Walsh and Mark L. Savickas, 345–68. Contemporary Topics in Vocational Psychology. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN 978-0-8058-4517-4.
- Pontifical Council for Culture, and Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue (2003). "Jesus Christ the Bearer of the Water Of Life: A Christian Reflection on the 'New Age'". Vatican website (accessed 2 January 2014).
- Von Gunden, Heidi (1983). The Music of Pauline Oliveros. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-1600-8.
Further reading
- Johnson, Tom (1976). "Meditate on Sound", Village Voice (May 24).