Monastery of Jesus of Setúbal
Monastery of Jesus of Setúbal | |
---|---|
Roman Catholic | |
Tradition | Order of Friars Minor |
History | |
Founder(s) | Diogo de Boitaca |
Architecture | |
Architectural type | Manueline Gothic |
Years built | 1491-1495 |
Portuguese National Monument | |
Designated | Classification of Heritage in Portugal |
Reference no. | SIPA: 3439, DGPC: 70218 |
The Monastery of Jesus (
History
The monastery was founded around 1490, outside the city walls of Setúbal, by
Most of the church was built between 1490 and 1495, and in 1496 the nuns of
During the first half of the 16th century,
The church and monastery were severely damaged by the Great earthquake of 1755. The earthquakes of 1531, 1858, 1909 and 1969 inflicted minor damage.
In 1992, IGESPAR, under the Cultural Ministry of Portugal, declared the monastery to be a national monument holding intangible value to Portuguese heritage.[6]
Art and architecture
Exterior
The church of the Monastery of Jesus, built between 1490 and 1510, is a very significant monument of Portuguese architecture, since it is the earliest known building in which aspects of the Manueline style of decoration were employed.
The South façade of the church, facing Jesus' Square, is the main façade of the building. Viewed from the square, the church combines two distinct spaces: a rectangular nave and a polygonal apse, higher than the nave, located at the East end of the building. A bell tower is located on the Western side of the façade.
The walls and vaulting of the church ceiling are supported by a series of stepped
Interior
The church is rather narrow and consists of a nave and two side
The main chapel of the church has a square shape. It is covered by an exuberant late Gothic star-ribbed vaulting with decorative bosses. Some of the ribs of the vault have the shape of a twisted rope, again anticipating a common theme in Manueline vaultings throughout the country. The main altar and the pulpit date from the 18th century.
The inner walls of the apse are decorated with 17th-century blue-and-white tiles (azulejos) with geometric patterns, while the azulejos on the side walls of the church depict scenes from the life of Maria, bordered by colourful frames.[10]
Museu de Jesus
The adjacent monastery has been turned into an art museum with a top collection of Flemish and Portuguese Primitive painters from the 15th and 16th centuries. Under King Manuel I (around 1520), the church was decorated with a 14-panel, painted altarpiece by one of Portugal's main Renaissance artists, Jorge Afonso.[8] The altarpiece, one of the best in Portugal, was removed from the apse of the church in the 18th century but can still be seen in this Art Museum of the Monastery.[citation needed]
The rest of the collection consists of archaeological finds, historical coins, old documents and books. Another part of the museum is dedicated to Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage, a famous 18th-century poet born in Setúbal.[citation needed]
References
- ^ "Setúbal's Church of the Convent of Jesus - Setúbal - oGuia". www.guiadacidade.pt. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ Cardoso, Joana Amaral (12 June 2013). "Convento de Jesus em Setúbal é um dos sete monumentos em risco na Europa". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ Castela (6 August 2010). "Igreja do Antigo Monsteiro de Jesus e Claustro Setubal". Turismo de Portugal. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ISBN 9780195395365.
- ^ de Almeida, C. A. Ferreira. "A Igreja de Jesus de Setúbal" (PDF) (in Portuguese).
- ^ "Mosteiro de Jesus". www.monumentos.gov.pt. 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ISBN 9780262533607.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-19-934037-8, retrieved 7 June 2023
- ^ "INVENTORY AND COMPLETION OF CASE STUDIES SURVEY" (PDF). UniMinho. University of Minho. January 2005. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ "Inventory and Completion of Case Studies Survey" (PDF). January 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
Sources
- Portuguese Institute for Architectural Heritage ippar.pt
- General Bureau for National Buildings and Monuments (Portugal) monumentos.gov.pt
- Rentes de Carvalho, J. - Portugal, um guia para amigos (in Dutch translation : Portugal); de Arbeiderspers, Amsterdam; 9th ed., August 1999; ISBN 90-295-3466-4
- Ferreira de Almeida, C.A. A Igreja de Jesús de Setúbal. Revista da Faculdade de Letras (1990) pdf