Morya Gosavi
Morya Gosavi | |
---|---|
Morgaon, Maharashtra, India | |
Died | AD 1561 Chinchwad, Maharashtra |
Religion | Hinduism |
Organization | |
Philosophy | Ganapatya |
Religious career | |
Literary works | devotional poetry devoted Ganesha |
Honors | Venerated as the chief spiritual progenitor of the Ganapatyas |
Morya Gosavi or Moraya Gosavi (Morayā Gosāvi) alias Moroba Gosavi was a prominent saint of the Hindu Ganapatya sect, which considers Ganesha as the Supreme God. Morya Gosavi is considered the chief spiritual progenitor of the Ganapatyas and has been described as the "most famous devotee" of Ganesha.[1]
The lifetime of Morya Gosavi is speculated between the 13th to 17th century. Numerous legends recall his life. Morya became devoted to Ganesha when he started visiting the
Morya had a son called Chintamani, venerated as a living incarnation of Ganesha and addressed as Dev (god). Chintamani was succeeded by six more Devs. The tomb of Morya Gosavi and the Ganesha temple at Chinchwad still attract many Ganesha devotees.
Dating
While Yuvraj Krishan places Morya Gosavi in the 13th–14th century,
Various legends associate Morya Gosavi with Humayun (1508–1556),[6] Shahaji (1594–1665)[2] and his son Shivaji (1627–1680).[7] His memorial temple has an inscription records that it was started in 1658-9.[7]
Early life
According to one version of the story, Morya was born in
Another tale tells that Morya was born in a Deshastha Brahmin family with the surname Shaligram.[9] Morya's parents, Bhat Shaligram and his wife moved to Morgaon from Bidar. His parents prayed to Ganesha at Morgaon. Soon, Morya was born to them. Later, Morya became seriously ill and was not recovering so they prayed to Ganesha again. Soon, a Gosavi (priest) named Nayan Bharati came and gave medicine to Morya, curing him. Nayan Bharati also preached to Morya. Henceforth, the Bhat family took the family name Gosavi and Morya was known as Morya Gosavi.[2][6]
From Morgaon to Chinchwad
According to a legend, on the occasion of Ganesh Chaturthi (August–September) – the largest festival dedicated to Ganesha – Morya could not find a place in the temple, crowded by the laity and the wealthy Pingle family. Morya left his offering under a tree and then by a "miracle", the laity's offerings from temple were exchanged with Morya's offerings under the tree. The laity accused Morya of sorcery and prohibited his entry in Morgaon. Ganesha appeared in a dream of Pingle and told Pingle that he was offended by the ill-treatment of his favourite devotee Morya. So Pingle requested Morya to come back to Morgaon, but Morya refused. Ganesha thus gave a vision to Morya saying that he would come to stay with Morya in Chinchwad. Accordingly, Morya found an image of Ganesha – similar to the one worshipped at Morgaon – while bathing in the river and built a small shrine for it.[7]
Another tale tells that the head-man of Morgaon was impressed by Morya's pious ways and offered him milk every day he visited Morgaon. Once the head-man was not present at his house, so a blind girl went to offer the milk to Morya. The moment she touched the threshold of the house where Morya was waiting, her sight was restored. Morya became famous due to this miracle and is credited to have cured the eyes of Shivaji (1627–1680) too – who would become the founder of the
Another legend does not talk about his arrest, but says that Morya realised the presence of Ganesha at Morgaon but realised that there was hindrance in his devotion, so he moved to the forest near Tathavade to worship Ganesha. On every fourth lunar day after the full moon, Morya used to visit the Chintamani Temple of Theur. Once, devotees from Chinchwad requested Morya to visit the bank of Pavana River at Chinchwad. There, Chintamani – the form of Ganesha worshipped at Theur – is believed to have ordered Morya to marry. As per Ganesha's orders, Morya married Uma, the daughter of Govindrao Kulkarni whose family was staying in Tathavade near Chinchwad.[6]
According to a story, as per his guru's orders, Morya performed penance at Theur by observing a strict fast for 42 days, within this period, he is believed to have "divine revelations".[2] After the death of his parents, Morya moved from Morgaon to Chinchwad.[2] The present structure of the Theur temple is built by Morya.[10]
Death and lineage
Morya continued to visit Theur, Ranjangaon (another Ganesha temple site) and Chinchwad. Morya had a son, whom he named Chintamani (Chintaman).[6] Chintamani was venerated as a living incarnation of Ganesha.[7] But before that according to some experts, he helped the deposed Mughal emperor Humayun (1508–1556) to escape to Kabul, when Humayun again became the Emperor of Delhi, he showered Morya with gifts.[6] According to Dhere, Chhatrapati Shivaji's father Shahaji (1594–1665) is recorded as a donor to Morya Gosavi.[2]
After his wife's death and his guru Nayan Bharati's sanjeevan samadhi, Morya also took
Chintamani was followed as a Dev by Narayan, Chintamani II, Dharmadhar, Chintamani III, Narayan II and Dharmadhar II. The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb (1658–1707) gifted Narayan the hereditary grant of eight villages, impressed by the latter's "miracle" of changing a piece of beef sent by the former into jasmine flowers. (Beef is considered unholy in Hinduism and killing of cows – considered sacred – is prohibited.[11]) Narayan II violated Morya's orders and opened the latter's tomb. According to the tale, Morya who was found still mediating in the tomb, was disturbed and cursed Narayan II that his son would be the last Dev. Narayan II's son, Dharmadhar II – the seventh generation of Morya – died childless in 1810 ending the direct lineage of Morya, but a distant relative of Dharmadhar, Sakhari was installed as a Dev by the priesthood to continue the temple funding.[7] Devotional poetry of all the Devs still survive.[2]
Veneration
Morya Gosavi is considered the chief spiritual progenitor and the most important saint of the Ganapatya – the Hindu sect centred on Ganesha worship – tradition and has been described as the "most famous devotee" of Ganesha.[1]
Chinchwad has shrines to the departed Devs, chief of which is that of Morya. Morya's memorial temple is a low plain building (30' x 20' x 40') with a square hall or
On the circumbulation path (
References
- ^ a b c d e "Gāṇapatyas". Encyclopedia of Religion. Macmillan Reference USA, an imprint of the Gale Group. 2001. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Dhere, R C. "Summary of Prachin Marathichya Navdhara (Marathi book) chapter 2: Marathi literature of Ganesha cult". Official site of R C Dhere. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
- ISBN 978-81-208-1413-4.
- ISBN 978-0-19-503572-8.
- ISBN 978-1-4039-6324-6.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Culture and History". Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC). 2008. Archived from the original on 22 February 2012. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Poona District: Places – CHINCHVAD". The Gazetteers Department, Government of Maharashtra. 2006 [1885]. Archived from the original on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
- ISBN 9780700701445.
- ISBN 9780700701445.
Moroba Gosavi was a Deshastha Brahmin surnamed Shaligram.
- ISBN 978-1-4384-0501-8.
- ISBN 978-0-299-14254-4. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
- ISBN 978-81-7154-669-5.
- ISBN 978-81-7625-226-3.