Outline of film

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Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
See also: Index of motion picture–related articles

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to film:

medium
for recording and displaying motion pictures.

What type of thing is film?

Film can be described as all of the following:

  • Art – aesthetic expression for presentation or performance, and the work produced from this activity.
    • One of the arts – as an art form, film is an outlet of human expression, that is usually influenced by culture and which in turn helps to change culture. Film is a physical manifestation of the internal human creative impulse.
      • One of the visual arts – visual arts is a class of art forms, including painting, sculpture, photography, printmaking and others, that focus on the creation of works which are primarily visual in nature.
      • One of the performing arts – art forms in which artists use their body, voice, or objects to convey artistic expression. Performing arts include a variety of disciplines but all take the form of a performance in front of an audience.
      • Fine art – in Western European academic traditions, fine art is art developed primarily for aesthetics, distinguishing it from applied art that also has to serve some practical function. The word "fine" here does not so much denote the quality of the artwork in question, but the purity of the discipline according to traditional Western European canons.
  • not-for-profit
    public service.

Other names for film

  • Movie
  • Motion picture
  • Talking picture
  • Picture
  • Celluloid
  • Flick (or flicker)
  • Photoplay
  • Picture show
  • The cinema
  • The silver screen (talkie era); the silver sheet (silent era)
  • Videos

Essence of film

  • Filmmaking – process of making a film. Filmmaking involves a number of discrete stages including an initial story, idea, or commission, through scriptwriting, casting, shooting, editing, and screening the finished product before an audience that may result in a film release and exhibition. Filmmaking is both an art and an industry. That is why they call it "show business". It's a show and a business. Films were originally recorded onto nitrate film stock which was highly flammable.[1] After the late 1950s, polyester film was used which was shown through a movie projector onto a large screen (in other words, an analog recording process). The adoption of CGI-based special effects led to the use of digital intermediates. Most contemporary films are now fully digital through the entire process of production, distribution, and exhibition from start to finish.

Cinematic genres

Film genre

By setting

  • Biography - portrays a real-life character in his or her real-life story
  • Crime - places its character within realm of criminal activity
  • swords and sorcery
    theme
  • existentialist
    realm or manner
  • Historical
    - taking place in the past
  • Science fiction - placement of characters in an alternative reality, typically in the future or in outer space
  • Sports - sporting events and locations pertaining to a given sport
  • War - battlefields and locations pertaining to a time of war
  • Westerns - colonial period to modern era of the western United States

By mood

  • Action - generally involves a moral interplay between "good" and "bad" played out through violence or physical force
  • Adventure - involving danger, risk, and/or chance, often with a high degree of fantasy
  • Comedy - intended to provoke laughter
  • Drama
    - mainly focuses on character development
  • Erotic
    - sexuality or eroticism and sex acts, including love scenes
  • Horror - intended to provoke fear in audience
  • Mystery - the progression from the unknown to the known by discovering and solving a series of clues
  • romantic love
  • Thrillers - intended to provoke excitement and/or nervous tension into audience

By format

  • Biographical - a biopic is a film that dramatizes the life of an actual person, with varying degrees of basis in fact
  • Documentary - a factual following of an event or person to gain an understanding of a particular point or issue
  • Experimental (avant-garde) - created to test audience reaction or to expand the boundaries of film production/story exposition then generally at play
  • Musical - a film interspersed with singing by all or some of the characters
  • Silent - a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue

By production type

  • Live action - film using actors
  • Animation - illusion of motion by consecutive display of static images which have been created by hand or on a computer
  • Television - a film that is produced for and originally distributed by a television network

By length

  • Short - may strive to contain many of the elements of a "full-length" feature, in a shorter time-frame
  • Serial - similar to shorts, but forms a constant story arc
  • Feature film - film that is "full-length"

By age

  • family film
    , no special effort is made to make the film attractive for other audiences
  • Family
    - intended to be attractive for people of all ages and suitable for viewing by a young audience; examples of these are Disney films
  • Teen film - intended for and aimed towards teens although some teen films, such as the High School Musical series; may also be a family film; not all of these films are suitable for all teens, as some are rated R
  • exploitation films. Adult film may also be used as a synonym for pornographic film
    .

By audience reception

Other genres

Cinema by region

History of film

History of film

General film concepts

Film theory

Film formats

  • List of film formats

Films

Films by genre

Films by origin

  • List of films by region and country of origin

Films by setting location

Films by cost

Films by success

Films by movement

Film companies

Film studios

Major film studios

Majors (Big Five)

Others

Awards and festivals

Notable people from the film industry

Film theorists

Famous film producers

Notable film producers

Famous directors

  • Woody Allen – American filmmaker, actor, and comedian (born 1935)
  • Pedro Almodovar
     – Spanish filmmaker (born 1949)
  • Robert Altman – American filmmaker (1925–2006)
  • Theo Angelopoulos – Greek film director, screenwriter and film producer
  • Michelangelo Antonioni – Italian film director and screenwriter (1912–2007)
  • Ingmar Bergman – Swedish filmmaker (1918–2007)
  • Bernardo Bertolucci – Italian film director and screenwriter (1941–2018)
  • Kathryn Bigelow – American filmmaker (born 1951)
  • Robert Bresson – French film director (1901–1999)
  • Tod Browning – American film director (1880–1962)
  • Luis Bunuel
     – Spanish-Mexican filmmaker (1900–1983)
  • James Cameron – Canadian filmmaker (born 1954)
  • Frank Capra – Italian-born American film director (1897–1991)
  • Marcel Carné – 1906-1996 French film director
  • John Carpenter – American filmmaker (born 1948)
  • John Cassavetes – Greek-American filmmaker and actor (1929–1989)
  • Claude Chabrol – French film director (1930–2010)
  • Charles Chaplin
     – English comic actor and filmmaker (1889–1977)
  • Yash Chopra – Indian film director and film producer (1932–2012)
  • René Clair – French filmmaker and writer (1898–1981)
  • Henri-Georges Clouzot – French film director, screenwriter and producer
  • Jean Cocteau – French writer and film director (1889–1963)
  • Joel and Ethan Coen
     – American filmmakers
  • Francis Ford Coppola – American filmmaker (born 1939)
  • Pedro Costa – Portuguese film director
  • George Cukor – American film director and producer
  • Michael Curtiz – Hungarian-American director (1886–1962)
  • Cecil B. DeMille – American film director, producer and actor (1881–1959)
  • Vittorio De Sica – Italian film director and actor (1901–1974)
  • Carl Dreyer
     – Danish film director (1889–1968)
  • Clint Eastwood – American actor and director (born 1930)
  • Sergei Einstein
     – Soviet filmmaker and theorist (1898–1948)
  • Victor Erice
     – Spanish filmmaker
  • Rainer Werner Fassbinder – German filmmaker (1945–1982)
  • Federico Fellini – Italian filmmaker (1920–1993)
  • Robert J. Flaherty – American documentary filmmaker
  • David Fincher – American film director
  • Victor Fleming – American film director, cinematographer, and producer
  • John Ford – American film director (1894–1973)
  • Milos Forman
     – Czech-American filmmaker (1932–2018)
  • Bob Fosse – American actor, choreographer, dancer, and director (1927– 1987)
  • Jesús Franco – Spanish filmmaker, composer, and actor (1930–2012)
  • Abel Gance – French film director and producer
  • Jean-Luc Godard – French and Swiss film director (1930–2022)
  • Miguel Gomes – Portuguese film director (born 1972)
  • D.W. Griffith
     – American filmmaker (1875–1948)
  • Howard Hawks – American film director (1896–1977)
  • Werner Herzog – German director, producer, screenwriter (born 1942)
  • Alfred Hitchcock – English film director (1899–1980)
  • John Huston – American filmmaker (1906–1987)
  • Peter Jackson – New Zealand filmmaker (born 1961)
  • Miklos Jancso
     – Hungarian film director and screenwriter (1921–2014)
  • Alejandro Jodorowsky – Chilean-French filmmaker
  • Elia Kazan – American film and theatre director (1909–2003)
  • Abbas Kiarostami – Iranian filmmaker (1940–2016)
  • Krzysztof Kieslowski
     – Polish film director and screenwriter (1941–1996)
  • Stanley Kubrick – American filmmaker (1928–1999)
  • Akira Kurosawa – Japanese filmmaker (1910–1998)
  • Fritz Lang – Austrian filmmaker (1890–1976)
  • David Lean – British film director (1908–1991)
  • Spike Lee – American filmmaker (born 1957)
  • Sergio Leone – Italian filmmaker (1929–1989)
  • Ernst Lubitsch – German-American film director
  • Sidney Lumet – American filmmaker (1924–2011)
  • David Lynch – American filmmaker, musical and visual artist (born 1946)
  • Louis Malle – French film director, screenwriter, and producer
  • Joseph L. Mankiewicz – American film director, screenwriter, and producer (1909–1993)
  • Leo McCarey – American film director (1898–1969)
  • Jean-Pierre Melville – French filmmaker and actor (1917–1973)
  • Vincente Minnelli – American stage and film director (1903–1986)
  • Kenji Mizoguchi – Japanese filmmaker
  • Joao Cesar Monteiro
     – Portuguese film director, actor, writer, and film critic
  • F. W. Murnau – German film director (1888–1931)
  • Christopher Nolan – British and American filmmaker (born 1970)
  • Manoel de Oliveira – Portuguese film director, screenwriter and racing driver (1908–2015)
  • Max Ophüls – German film director (1902–1957)
  • Nagisa Oshima
     – Japanese filmmaker (1932–2013)
  • Yasujiro Ozu
     – Japanese filmmaker (1903–1963)
  • Georg Wilhelm Pabst
     – Austrian film director (1885–1967)
  • Sergei Parajanov – Armenian filmmaker (1924–1990)
  • Pier Paolo Pasolini – Italian writer, filmmaker, poet, and intellectual (1922–1975)
  • Sam Peckinpah – American film director (1925–1984)
  • Roman Polanski – French and Polish filmmaker (born 1933)
  • Michael Powell/Emeric Pressburger – English film director
  • Otto Preminger – Austrian-American director, producer, and actor (1905–1986)
  • Vsevolod Pudovkin – Soviet film director, screenwriter and actor
  • Nicholas Ray – American film director (1911–1979)
  • Satyajit Ray – Indian filmmaker and writer (1921–1992)
  • Jean Renoir – French film director and screenwriter (1894–1979)
  • Alain Resnais – French film director
  • Jacques Rivette – French film director, screenwriter and film critic
  • Eric Rohmer
     – French film director (1920–2010)
  • Roberto Rossellini – Italian film director (1906–1977)
  • Ken Russell – British film director (1927–2011)
  • Martin Scorsese – American filmmaker (born 1942)
  • Ousmane Sembene
     – Senegalese film director, producer, screenwriter, actor and author (1923–2007)
  • Eduardo Serra – Portuguese cinematographer
  • Douglas Sirk – German film director (1897–1987)
  • Steven Spielberg – American filmmaker (born 1946)
  • Josef von Sternberg – Austrian-American film director (1894–1969)
  • Eric von Stroheim
     – Austrian-American actor and director
  • Quentin Tarantino – American filmmaker (born 1963)
  • Andrei Tarkovsky – Russian filmmaker (1932–1986)
  • Jacques Tati – French mime, filmmaker, actor, and screenwriter (1907–1982)
  • Lars von Trier – Danish director and screenwriter (born 1956)
  • François Truffaut – French film director (1932–1984)
  • Agnes Varda
     – French photographer, artist, film director and screenwriter (1928–2019)
  • King Vidor – American writer and director (1894–1982)
  • Jean Vigo – French film director
  • Luchino Visconti – Italian theatre, opera and cinema director
  • Andrzej Wajda – Polish film director (1926–2016)
  • Orson Welles – American actor and filmmaker (1915–1985)
  • William Wellman
     – American director, actor
  • Wim Wenders – German filmmaker
  • James Whale – English film director (1889-1957)
  • Billy Wilder – Austrian-American filmmaker (1906–2002)
  • Wong Kar-wai – Hong Kong film director (born 1958)
  • Sam Wood – Director, producer, and actor
  • William Wyler – German-born American film director and producer (1902–1981)

Famous actors

Notable actors

See also

References

  1. ^ Accomando, Beth. "What's The Issue With Nitrate Film Stock? It's Combustible". NPR. Retrieved 12 April 2021.

External links

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