Park Trammell
Park Trammell | |
---|---|
President of the Florida Senate | |
In office 1905–1907 | |
Preceded by | Frank Adams |
Succeeded by | W. Hunt Harris |
Member of the Florida Senate from the 7th district | |
In office 1905–1907 | |
Preceded by | Charles Cooper Wilson[1] |
Succeeded by | Daniel Henry Sloan[2] |
Member of the Florida House of Representatives from the Polk County district | |
In office 1903–1905[3] | |
Mayor of Lakeland, Florida | |
In office 1900–1902 | |
Preceded by | James P. Thompson |
Succeeded by | Samuel L. A. Clonts |
Personal details | |
Born | Macon County, Alabama, US | April 9, 1876
Died | May 8, 1936 Washington, D.C., US | (aged 60)
Political party | Democratic |
Spouses | Virginia Darby
(m. 1900; died 1922)Beatrice Padgett (m. 1934) |
Education | Vanderbilt University Cumberland University |
Occupation | Attorney |
Park Monroe Trammell (April 9, 1876 – May 8, 1936), was an American attorney and politician from the state of
Early life and education
Trammell was born on April 9, 1876, in
After the war, Trammell enrolled at Cumberland University, graduating in 1899. He was admitted into the Florida Bar the same year.[7]
Early career
Trammell, a
In 1909, Trammell was appointed to serve as the 19th Florida Attorney General by Governor Albert W. Gilchrist.[8]
Florida Governor
In the
As governor, Trammell endorsed a law in the Florida Legislature that would control spending in election campaigns, and also established a state tax commission in order to equalize property assessments across various counties. Trammell's governorship was also known for his blatant racism, endorsing racial segregation and overlooking the lynching of African Americans.[10] While Trammell was state attorney general, none of the 29 lynchings of black men during his term were prosecuted, nor were the 21 that occurred during his governorship.[7]
United States Senate
With the ratification of the
During his tenure as senator, Trammell was not afraid to deviate from his party. In 1916, Trammell, a member of the Old Right, an informal group of paleoconservatives in both major parties, staunchly opposed President Woodrow Wilson's call for conscription in World War I. Additionally, he opposed U.S. Supreme Court nominees Harlan F. Stone in 1925 and John J. Parker in 1930, the prior being successfully appointed to the court.[13]
During the Great Depression, Trammell joined the Conservative Coalition, a group of conservative congressmen opposed to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, claiming it was too liberal, despite his overall support for Roosevelt. Opinions on the New Deal were additionally changing across the South, with many Southern Democrats who initially supported the legislation beginning to vote against it.[14]
In Florida, the test of voters' approval of the New Deal was the Democratic primary of the 1934 U.S. Senate election, in which Trammell, who generally ran unopposed in the primaries, faced the stiffest competition of his entire career.[14] Trammell faced former State Representative Claude Pepper, attorney Charles A. Mitchell, State Senator James F. Sikes, and Florida Democratic Committeewoman Hortense K. Wells. Though the race was mostly a competition between Trammell and Pepper, a social liberal, the latter three candidates pulled enough votes from Trammell to send the race into a runoff election between Trammell and Pepper.[15] Trammell defeated Pepper in the runoff, winning by just a 2% margin. Trammell was unopposed in the general election.[16][17]
Earlier in 1934, Trammell co-sponsored the Vinson-Trammell Act, along with
During his time in the Senate, Trammell was often referred to as the most useless member of the body, having missed 642 out of 3,168
Trammell was the chairman of the Senate Expenditures in the Treasury Department Committee from 1917 until 1919, and of the Senate Naval Affairs Committee from 1933 until his death in 1936.[19]
Death and legacy
Trammell died at his home in Washington, D.C., on May 8, 1936. He is buried in Lakeland's Roselawn Cemetery.[4]
Trammell's senatorial papers were donated to the
In 1955, the Lakeland Public Library building was named the Park Trammell Building. It now houses the Greater Lakeland Chamber of Commerce.[20]
Built in 1955, the Park Trammell Building is a nine-story low-rise building in Tampa, which houses the Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce.[21]
The Park Trammell Building at the Florida State Mental Hospital in Chattahoochee, Florida, dedicated in 1956, is used to house the geriatric population of the institution.[22]
Personal life
Trammell married Virginia Darby on November 21, 1900. They were married until her death in 1922. He later married Beatrice Padgett, a divorced woman with a son, in 1934. Trammell had no children of his own with either woman.[citation needed]
His great-nephew is Jeffrey Trammell.[23] Trammell was a member of the
Electoral history
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell (inc.) | 131,780 | 100.00% | +31.47% | |
Majority | 131,780 | 100.00% | +62.94% | ||
Turnout | 131,780 | ||||
Democratic hold
|
Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell (inc.) | 103,028 | 51.00% | N/A | |
Democratic | Claude D. Pepper | 98,978 | 49.00% | N/A | |
Majority | 4,050 | 2.00% | N/A | ||
Turnout | 202,006 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell (inc.) | 162,642 | 38.02% | N/A | |
Democratic | Claude D. Pepper | 158,792 | 37.12% | N/A | |
Democratic | C. A. Mitchell | 60,910 | 14.24% | N/A | |
Democratic | James F. Sikes | 29,116 | 6.81% | N/A | |
Democratic | Hortense K. Wells | 16,334 | 3.82% | N/A | |
Majority | 1,925 | 0.90% | N/A | ||
Turnout | 427,794 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell (inc.) | 153,816 | 68.53% | -19.74% | |
Republican | Barclay H. Warburton | 70,633 | 31.47% | N/A | |
Majority | 83,183 | 37.06% | -39.48% | ||
Turnout | 224,449 | ||||
Democratic hold
|
Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell (inc.) | 138,534 | 57.97% | N/A | |
Democratic | John W. Martin | 100,454 | 42.03% | N/A | |
Majority | 38,080 | 15.93% | N/A | ||
Turnout | 238,988 | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell (inc.) | 45,707 | 88.27% | +5.41% | |
Independent Republican | W. C. Lawson | 6,074 | 11.73% | N/A | |
Majority | 39,633 | 76.54% | +6.13% | ||
Turnout | 51,781 | ||||
Democratic hold
|
Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell | 58,391 | 82.86% | N/A | |
Republican | William R. O'Neal | 8,774 | 12.45% | N/A | |
Socialist | R. L. Goodwin | 3,304 | 4.69% | N/A | |
Majority | 49,617 | 70.41% | N/A | ||
Turnout | 70,469 | ||||
Democratic hold
|
Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Park Trammell | 77,954 | 80.42% | +1.61% | |
Socialist | Thomas W. Cox | 6,934 | 7.15% | +1.36% | |
Republican | William R. O'Neal | 5,292 | 5.46% | -9.94% | |
Progressive
|
William C. Hodges | 4,628 | 4.78% | N/A | |
Prohibition | J. W. Bingham | 2,122 | 2.19% | N/A | |
Majority | 35,510 | 73.27% | +9.85% | ||
Turnout | 96,930 | ||||
Democratic hold | Swing |
See also
- Vinson–Trammell Act
- List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)
References
- ^ "Florida Senators". December 29, 2016. Archived from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved December 28, 2022.
- ^ "Florida Senators". December 29, 2016. Archived from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved December 28, 2022.
- ^ The People of Lawmaking in Florida: 1822 - 2019 (PDF). 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2022 – via Florida Memory.
- ^ a b "TRAMMELL, Park - Biographical Information". bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ a b "The Vinson‐Trammel Act | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ a b "Park Trammell - Florida Department of State". dos.myflorida.com. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ a b "Park Trammell". classic.nga.org. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ "Florida Attorney General - Florida Attorneys General (1845 - )". myfloridalegal.com. Archived from the original on 2019-03-27. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ "FL Governor 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 7, 2019.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ government, Robert Longley Robert Longley is a U. S.; since 1997, history expert with over 30 years of experience in municipal government He has written for ThoughtCo. "The 17th Amendment to the US Constitution: Election of Senators". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "FL US Senate 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - Supreme Court - Associate Justice Race - Feb 05, 1925". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ JSTOR 30149988.
- ^ "1934 FL US Senate - D Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "1934 FL US Senate - D Runoff". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "1934 FL US Senate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ISBN 9780823217861.
trammell.
- ^ "CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES 1789-present" (PDF). United States Senate. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "Lakeland Public Library (Park Trammell Building), Lakeland, Florida :: Lakeland Public Library, the Early Years". lakelandpubliclibrary.contentdm.oclc.org. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ "Park Trammell Building, Tampa | 249740 | EMPORIS". www.emporis.com. Archived from the original on April 8, 2019. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ Florida, State Library and Archives of. "Park Trammell Building at Florida State Hospital in Chattahoochee, Florida". Florida Memory. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ Mundt, Brent Adams (April 26, 2013). "Back to School: How it got better at William & Mary". Washington Blade. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
- ^ "Park Trammell". www.nndb.com. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ "1934 FL US Senate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "1934 FL US Senate - D Runoff". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "1934 FL US Senate - D Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "1928 FL US Senate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "1928 FL US Senate - D Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "FL US Senate 1922". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "FL US Senate 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "FL Governor 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 7, 2019.
External links
- Media related to Park Trammell at Wikimedia Commons
- Official Governor's portrait and biography from the State of Florida