Pratibha Patil
Pratibha Patil | |
---|---|
Amravati | |
9th Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha | |
In office 18 November 1986 – 5 November 1988 | |
Preceded by | M. M. Jacob |
Succeeded by | Najma Heptulla |
Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha | |
In office 1985–1990 | |
Constituency | Maharashtra |
Member of the Legislative Assembly, Maharashtra | |
In office 1962–1985 | |
Constituency |
|
Personal details | |
Born | Pratibha Narayan Rao Patil 19 December 1934 Nadgaon, Bombay Presidency, British India (now Maharashtra, India) |
Political party | Indian National Congress |
Spouse |
Devisingh Ramsingh Shekhawat (m. 1965; died 2023) |
Children | 2 |
LLB) | |
Website | pratibhapatil |
Prathibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934) is an Indian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th
Early life
Patil was born in a
Patil married
Political career
In 1962, at the age of 27, she was elected to the
Patil had held various Cabinet portfolios during her period in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and held official positions in both the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. In addition, she had been the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee for a few years. Also, she held office as Director of the National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks and Credit Societies and as a Member of the Governing Council of the National Co-operative Union of India.[3]
On 8 November 2004 she was appointed the 17th Governor of Rajasthan,[8] the first woman to hold that office.[9]
Presidential election
Patil was announced as the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) candidate on 14 June 2007. She emerged as a compromise candidate after the left-wing parties of the alliance would not agree to the nomination of former Home Minister Shivraj Patil or Karan Singh.[9] Patil had been loyal to the INC and the Nehru–Gandhi family for decades and this was considered to be a significant factor in her selection by INC leader Sonia Gandhi, although Patil said that she had no intention of being a "rubber-stamp president".[7][10]
In the same month that she was selected as a member of the UPA, Patil was accused of shielding her brother, G. N. Patil, in the 2005 Vishram Patil murder case. Vishram Patil had narrowly defeated G. N. Patil in an election to be the President of the District Congress Committee of Jalgaon and in September of that year had been murdered. Vishram Patil's widow eventually accused G. N. Patil of involvement in the crime and claimed that Pratibha Patil had influenced the criminal investigation and that the issue needed to be examined before presidential immunity became active.[11] Her accusations were rejected by the courts in 2009[12] but in 2015 G. N. Patil was charged. No reference to the alleged involvement of Pratibha Patil was made at this time.[13]
Due to the presidential role being largely a
Those opposed to Patil becoming president claimed that she lacked charisma, experience, and ability. They also highlighted her time spent away from high-level politics and queried her belief in the supernatural, such as her claim to have received a message from
Patil won the election held on 19 July 2007. She garnered nearly two-thirds of the votes[21] and, on 25 July 2007, took oath as India's 12th President, the first woman to hold the position.[22][23]
Presidency
Patil's term as the President of India saw various controversies and is widely considered as lacklustre.[24] She commuted death sentences of 35 petitioners to life, a record. President's Office, however, defended this by saying that President had granted clemency to the petitioners after due consideration and examining the advice of the Home Ministry.[25][26]
Patil was noted for having spent more money on foreign trips, and having taken a greater number of foreign trips, than any previous president.[27] Sometimes accompanied by as many as 11 members of her family, there had been 12 foreign trips spanning 22 countries by May 2012, when she was away on her 13th trip. Those completed travels had cost Rs 205 crore (Rs 2.05 billion). The Ministry of External Affairs said that taking family members "was not abnormal".[28]
The Office of President has a five-year term[15] and Patil retired from the role in July 2012.[29]
Patil allegedly used public funds to build a retirement mansion on a 260,000 square feet (24,000 m2) plot of military land in Pune. Tradition is that a retiring president either takes residence in Government accommodation in Delhi or moves back to their residence in their home state; her use of government money to build a retirement home at the end of the presidential term was unprecedented.[30] Other controversies that arose after her retirement included her desire to claim both an official government car and fuel allowance for the running of a private car, despite rules clearly stipulating that this was an either/or situation. She also took possession of many gifts that had been given to her in her official role and was later forced to return them.[31]
Business interests
Patil set up Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, an educational institute which runs a chain of schools and colleges in Amravati, Jalgaon, Pune and Mumbai. She also set up Shram Sadhana Trust, which runs hostels for working women in New Delhi, Mumbai and Pune; and an engineering college for rural students in Jalgaon district.[32] She also co-founded a cooperative sugar factory known as Sant Muktabai Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana at Muktainagar.[33]
In addition, Patil founded a cooperative bank, Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Bank, that ceased trading in February 2003 when its licence was cancelled by the Reserve Bank of India. Among other failings, the bank had given illegal loans to her relatives that exceeded the bank's share capital. It had also given a loan to her sugar mill which was never repaid. The bank waived these loans, and this drove it into liquidation. The government liquidator of the bank, P. D. Nigam, said, "The fact that relatives of the founder chairperson (Pratibha Patil) were among those indiscriminately granted loans and that some illegal loan waivers were done has come up in our audit." Six of the top ten defaulters in the bank were linked to her relatives. The INC claimed that Patil had not been involved with the bank since 1994 but The Indian Express reported that it had official documents showing her involvement as late as 2002.[34][35]
Positions held
Pratibha Patil has held various official offices during her career. These are:[3]
Period | Position |
---|---|
1967–72 | Deputy Minister, Public Health, Prohibition, Tourism, Housing & Parliamentary Affairs, Government of Maharashtra |
1972–79 | Cabinet Minister, Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra |
1974–75 | Cabinet Minister, Public Health & Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra |
1975–76 | Cabinet Minister, Prohibition, Rehabilitation and Cultural Affairs, Government of Maharashtra |
1977–78 | Cabinet Minister, Education, Government of Maharashtra |
1979–1980 | Leader of the Opposition, Maharashtra Legislative Assembly |
1982–85 | Cabinet Minister, Urban Development and Housing, Government of Maharashtra |
1983–85 | Cabinet Minister, Civil Supplies and Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra |
1986–1988 | Deputy Chairman, Rajya Sabha |
1986–88 | Chairman, Committee of Privileges, Rajya Sabha; Member, Business Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha |
1991–1996 | Chairman, House Committee, Lok Sabha |
8 November 2004 – 23 June 2007 | Governor of Rajasthan |
25 July 2007 – 25 July 2012 | President of India |
State honours
Decoration | Country | Date | Note | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Order of the Aztec Eagle | Mexico | 3 August 2018 | Sash of Special Category, the highest civilian honour of Mexico. | [36][37] |
References
- ^ PTI (17 November 2012). "Bal Thackeray: The mascot of Marathi pride". Business Standard India. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
- ^ Patel, Aakar (28 August 2009). "When will the Brahmin-Bania hegemony end?". Mint. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Ex Governor of Rajasthan". Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Secretariate. Archived from the original on 4 August 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ a b "Profile: President of India". NIC / President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 8 February 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ Purohit, Kunal (11 October 2014). "In Amravati, it's about taking revenge for 2009 polls". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ISBN 978-81-7028-705-6.
- ^ a b c d "Profile: Pratibha Patil". BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ "Former Governors of Rajasthan". Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Secretariat. Archived from the original on 17 April 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ a b "Prez polls: Sonia announces Pratibha Patil's name". NDTV. 14 June 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
- ^ "I will not be a rubber stamp President". Daily News & Analysis. PTI. 16 June 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "Congman's wife drags Pratibha name into allegations, NDA distances itself". The Indian Express. 22 June 2007. Archived from the original on 30 August 2008. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
- ^ "Court dismisses lawsuit against president's brother". Thaindian. IANS. 11 December 2009. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
- ^ "Court summons brother of Pratibha Patil in murder case". The Indian Express. 8 July 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
- ^ Pradhan, Bibhudatta (19 July 2007). "Patil Poised to Become India's First Female President". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
- ^ a b c Biswas, Soutik (13 July 2007). "India's muckraking presidential poll". BBC. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
- ^ "Indian MPs vote for new president". BBC. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
- ^ Menon, Meena (26 June 2007). "Shiv Sena backs Pratibha Patil". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 29 June 2007. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- ^ Dhawan, Himanshi (27 June 2007). "Pratibha believes in spirits?". The Times of India. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "Now, a land grab haunts Patil". DNA. 4 July 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "For family again: Patil's MP funds for sports complex on land leased to husband society". Indian Express. 6 July 2007. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "First female president for India". BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
- ^ Reals, Tucker (21 July 2007). "India's First Woman President Elected". CBS News. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
- ISBN 978-1-349-74027-7.
- ^ "President Pratibha Patil's brush with controversy". IBN Live. 12 April 2012. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
- ^ "President defends mercy spree to death row convicts". The Times of India. 26 June 2012. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013.
- ^ "President Pratibha Patil goes on mercy overdrive". The Times of India. 22 June 2012. Archived from the original on 5 June 2013.
- ^ "President Patil's foreign trips cost Rs 205 crore". The Indian Express. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 21 September 2013.
- ^ Dhawan, Himanshi (3 May 2012). "Pratibha Patil took up to 11 relatives on 18 trips in a year". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
- ^ Kshirsagar, Alka (25 June 2012). "Pratibha Patil gets retirement home in Pune". Business Line. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ Joseph, Josy (15 April 2012). "Pratibha's Pune home a break from tradition". The Times of India. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
- ^ Satish, D. P. (29 July 2015). "Former President Pratibha Patil wants both car & fuel from government". IBN Live. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "Pratibha Patil's Resume". The Times of India. 19 July 2007. Archived from the original on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "Pratibha-founded sugar unit owes bank Rs 17.70 cr". Hindustan Times. 30 September 2007. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
- ^ Sarin, Ritu (26 June 2007). "Patil was aware of her bank mess, top defaulters her kin". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
- ^ "Report on Trend and Progress of Banking in India, 2005–06: Appendix Table IV.3: Urban Co-operative Banks Under Liquidation" (PDF). Reserve Bank of India. p. 328 (5). Retrieved 5 July 2012.
- ^ "Former President Pratibha Patil awarded Mexico's highest civilian honour for foreigners". The Indian Express. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ^ "ACUERDO por el que se otorga la Condecoración de la Orden Mexicana del Águila Azteca, en grado de Banda en Categoría Especial, a la Excelentísima Señora Pratibha Devisingh Patil, expresidenta de la República de la India". Diario Oficial de la Federación. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
External links
- President of India Official Site
- Ex-President of India Pratibha Patil's Official Site (Archived 19 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine)
- Ex-President Pratibha Patil's Personal Site (www.pratibha patil.info)
- Thakurdesai, Prerana; Sahgal, Priya (9 July 2007). "Embarrassing Choice: Scandals and mud-slinging have turned the presidential polls into an unseemly affair". India Today. Retrieved 11 January 2016.