Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Mensheviks)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Mensheviks)
Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (меньшевиков)
General SecretaryVarious
Founded1912; 112 years ago (1912)
Dissolved1965; 59 years ago (1965)
Split fromRussian Social Democratic Labour Party
HeadquartersSaint Petersburg (1912–20)
Berlin (1920–33)
Paris (1933–40)
New York City (1940–65)
NewspaperSotsialisticheskii vestnik (Socialist Courier)
Rabochaia gazeta (Workers' Gazette)
IdeologySocial democracy
Democratic socialism
Political positionLeft-wing
International affiliationVienna International (1921–23)
Labour and Socialist International (1923–40)
Colours  Red

The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Mensheviks) (Russian: Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (меньшевиков)), later renamed as Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (United) (Russian: Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (объединенная)), was a political party in Russia.

It emerged in 1912 as the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was divided into two, the other group being the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks).

However, the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks had existed as factions of the original party since 1903.[1]

History

Menshevik Party at Norra Bantorget in Stockholm, Sweden, May 1917 (Pavel Axelrod, Julius Martov and Alexander Martinov
)

After the 1912 split, the

General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia became a federated part of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Menshevik) as by this time the Mensheviks had accepted the idea of a federated party organization.[2]

August 19-26, 1917 a 'unification congress' was organized by the party in Petrograd seeking to unite different social democratic factions, at which Menshevik Defencists (Plekhanovites and Potresovites), Menshevik Internationalists (followers of Martov) and

Raphael Abramovich, I. Akhmatov, I. Astrov, Pavel Axelrod, B. Gurevich, E. Broido, F. Lipkin, Fyodor Dan, Henryk Ehrlich, V. Ezhov, K. G. Gogua, B. Gorev, Ivan Maisky, Julius Martov, Alexander Martinov, A. Frumson, Pinkevich, S. Semkovskii and I. Volkov was elected.[6] The name of the party was changed to 'RSDLP (United)'.[7]

After the

bourgeois class. From the beginning of 1921 after the suppression of the Kronstadt garrison revolt, the 10th Communist Party Congress and the introduction of the New Economic Policy (NEP) and ending of forcible confiscation of grain from the peasantry, the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was forced to operate underground in Soviet Russia and openly only in exile in Europe and North America. The Foreign Delegation of the party had been established in 1920 and was at first located in Berlin (until 1933), then shifted to Paris and in 1940 moved to New York City.[8] In exile, the party consisted of small groups in Geneva, Liège, Berlin, Paris, Bern and New York City.[1] Martov and Abramovich chaired the Foreign Delegation until 1923, when it was chaired by Fyodor Dan and Abramovich. Aron Jugov was the secretary of the Foreign Delegation.[1]

In 1921, the party formed part of the

Vienna International, with Martov and Abramovich being two of the organizers. At the founding Congress of the Labour and Socialist International (LSI) in 1923, eleven Menshevik delegates participated. The party was a member of the LSI from 1923–1940.[1] Abramovich represented the party in the LSI executive during this entire period, being a member of the LSI bureau until May 1939.[9] The party published Sotsialisticheskii vestnik (Socialist Courier)[10] from 1921–1965 (from 1 February 1921 to 1933 in Berlin, then in Paris until 1940 and in New York from then until 1965).[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Kowalski, Werner. Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923 - 19. Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften, 1985. pp. 336–337.
  2. ^ Johnpoll, Bernard K. The Politics of Futility; The General Jewish Workers Bund of Poland, 1917-1943. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1967. p. 35.
  3. OCLC 215235598
    .
  4. ^
    OCLC 123230668
    .
  5. ^ Novoe v zhizni, nauke, tekhnike: Serii︠a︡: Istorii︠a︡. Izdatelʹstvo "Znanie". 1987. p. 57.
  6. ISBN 978-0-8014-9976-0
    . Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  7. ISBN 9785469005629
    .
  8. ^ Liebich, André: From the other shore: Russian social democracy after 1921. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London 1997.
  9. ^ Kowalski, Werner. Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923 - 19. Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften, 1985. p. 294.
  10. ^ Andre Liebich (1987). "Marxism and Totalitarianism: Rudolf Hilferding and the Mensheviks" (PDF). wilsoncenter.org. The Wilson Center. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_Social_Democratic_Labour_Party_(Mensheviks)&oldid=1187253943"