Russian military bands
Russian
Purpose
The military band service is designed to provide encouragement and to increase patriotism for the military servicemen and women of the Ground Forces, the Navy and the Aerospace Forces. Former director of bands in the Russian Armed Forces Valery Khalilov described the effect these bands have in the following 2005 interview:[1]
"Military music is incredibly important for Russians, because military music is a component of the Russian army, and the army has always played a crucially important role in protecting Russia’s great statehood and in making it a powerful nation."
Historically, in Russia and around the world, military bands have been used to facilitate commands to troops and lead armies into battle.
History
For a country that has not just one of the largest armed forces in the world but also has produced some of the greatest composers and musicians, the modern day military band tradition of Russia traces its origins to decree No. 2319 of
"Peter the Great made the military bands official, he understood the importance of the rituals of military units."[1]
The
The reform of the bands began in 1948–1949 under the assistant director of the band service, Major General Ivan Petrov, and continued on until the 1970s.
Repertoire
The repertoire of the military band service spans across hundreds of pieces, which included ceremonial and marching music, as well as patriotic songs. Some of these musical pieces (particularly the formal ones) are used elsewhere in the militaries of the
Ceremonial music
Title | Composer |
---|---|
Presidential Fanfare | Pavel Borisovich Ovsjannikov |
Moscow Fanfare | Andrey Golovin |
Ceremonial Fanfare[13] | Nikolai Samokhvalov |
Signal "Gathering!" | V. Pavlov |
Signal "Changing of the Guard" | V. Pavlov |
Petersburg Parade Fanfare |
Patriotic songs
Title | Composer |
---|---|
National anthem of Russia | Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov |
Slavsya | Mikhail Glinka |
The Sacred War | Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov |
Farewell of Slavianka | Vasily Agapkin |
Den Pobedy | David Tukhmanov |
Song of the Soviet Army | Alexander Aleksandrov |
Long Live our State |
Boris Alexandrovich Alexandrov
|
Katyusha | Matvey Blanter |
Siny Platochek |
Jerzy Petersburski |
Moscow Nights | Vasily Solovyov-Sedoi |
Retired Soviet marches/songs
Title | Composer |
---|---|
Voroshilov's March | Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov |
Song of October | |
Warszawianka 1905 | Józef Pławiński |
The Red Flag |
Military marches in active use
Service marches
Title | Composer | Branch |
---|---|---|
Forward, infantry! | Igor Matvienko | Russian Ground Forces |
Air March | Yuli Kant | Russian Aerospace Forces |
14 Minutes Until Launch | Oscar Feltsman | Russian Space Forces |
The Crew—One Family[14] | Russian Navy | |
March of the Marines | Russian Naval Infantry | |
March of the Artillerymen | Tikhon Khrennikov | Strategic Missile Forces
|
Our 10th Parachute Battalion | Bulat Okudzhava | Russian Airborne Forces |
Song of the Alarming Youth[15] | Alexandera Pakhmutova | EMERCOM
|
Others
Title | Composer |
---|---|
March of the Preobrazhensky Regiment |
unknown |
Triumph of Winners | |
To Serve Russia[17] | |
March of the 108th Saratov Regiment | |
Hero's March | |
March of the Defenders of Moscow | Boris Mokrousov |
First of All, Planes | Vasily Solovyov-Sedoi |
March of Nakhimovtsev[18] | Vasily Solovyov-Sedoi |
Slow March of the Guards of the Navy | Nikolai Pavlocich Ivanov-Radkevich |
Jubilee Slow March "25 Years of the Red Army" | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
March of the Tankists | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
Salute to Moscow | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
The Red Army's Entry into Bucharest | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
Slow March of the Artillery | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
Slow March of the Tankists | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
Slow March of the Red Army | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
March "Parade" | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
Jaeger March | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
March of the 92nd Pechersk Infantry Regiment | Semyon Tchernetsky[19]
|
March "Joy of Victory" | Semyon Tchernetsky
|
In Defence of the Motherland | Viktor Runov |
Capital March | Viktor Runov |
On Guard For Peace | Boris Diev |
Combat March | Dmitry Pertsev |
Cossacks in Berlin |
Dmitry Pokrass and Daniil Pokrass |
Moscow in May | Daniil Pokrass |
Sports March | Valentin Volkov |
Adagio | Valery Khalilov |
Kant | Valery Khalilov |
Afghan | Valery Khalilov |
Elegy | Valery Khalilov |
Cadet | Valery Khalilov |
Youth | Valery Khalilov |
Rynda | Valery Khalilov |
Ulan | Valery Khalilov |
March "The Ship's bell | Valery Khalilov |
Lefortsky March | Valery Khalilov |
March "Pobeda"[20] | Albert Arutyunov |
List
Bands of military academies and educational institutions
- Cadet Band of the Military Institute of Military Conductors
- Band of the Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
- Training Band Wing of the Moscow Suvorov Military Music College Lieutenant-General VM Khalilov
- Youth Band of the Moscow Cadet Music Corps
- Band of the Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
- Band of the Kuznetsov Naval Academy
- Band of the Peter the Great Military Academy of the Rocket Forces of Strategic Importance
- Band of the Moscow Border Institute of the FSB of the Russian Federation
- Band of the MES Civil Defense Academy
- Band of the Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy Moscow Campus[21]
- Band of the A.V. Khrulyov Military Logistics Academy[22]
- Band of the Semyon Timoshenko Military University of Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defense
- Band of the Budyonny Military Academy of the Signal Corps
- Band of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy[23]
- Band of the Moscow Higher Military Command School
- Band of the Far Eastern Higher Combined Arms Command School
- Band of the Ryazan Guards Higher Airborne Command School
- Band of the Krasnodar Higher Military Aviation School[24]
Bands of military districts
- Military Band of the Western Military District in Saint Petersburg
- Military Band of the Southern Military District in Rostov-on-Don
- Ekaterinburg
- Military Band of the Eastern Military District in Khabarovsk
- Military Band of the Northern Fleet in Severomorsk
Bands of the Armed Forces
Russian Ground Forces
- Presidential Band of the Russian Federation - not directly under the RGF but under the direct control of the Kremlin Regiment, which reports to the Western Military District
- Special Exemplary Military Band of the Guard of Honor Battalion of Russia
- Band of the 154th Preobrazhensky Regiment
- Band of the 2nd Guards Tamanskaya Motor Rifle Division"Mikhail Kalinin"
- Band of the 4th Guards Kantemirovskaya Tank Division"Yuri Andropov"
- Band of the 25th Sevastopol Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
- Band of the 150th Rifle Division
- HQ Band of the 2nd Guards Army
- Band of the 27th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade[25]
- Band of the 45th High-Powered Artillery Brigade
- Band of the 1st Semyonovsky Independent Rifle Regiment
- Band of the 623rd Interspecific Regional Training Center for the Communications Troops[26]
- Band of the 39th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade
- Central Navy Band of Russia
- Admiralty Navy Band of Russia[27]
- Brass Band of the Novorossiysk Naval Base
- Brass Band of the Belomorskaya Naval Base
- Military Band of the Black Sea Fleet
- Military Band of the Baltic Fleet
- Military Band of the Pacific Fleet
- Military Band of the Caspian Flotilla
- Military Band of the Northeastern Group of Troops and Forces (Kamchatka Flotilla)[28][29]
- Band of the 336th Guards Naval Infantry Brigade
- Band of the 810th Guards Naval Infantry Brigade
- Band of the 77th Naval Infantry Regiment
- Military Band of the 861th Pacific Fleet Command Support Center[30]
Russian Aerospace Forces
- Concert Band of the Band of the 1st Aerospace and Missile Defence Forces Army
- Concert Band of the Band of the 6th Air and Air Defence Forces Army
- Concert Band of the Band of the 11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army
- Concert Band of the 14th Air and Air Defence Forces Army
- Concert Band of the 15th Aerospace Forces Army
- Central Band of the Russian Space Forces
- Brass Band of the Baikonur Cosmodrome of the Space Forces
- Band of the Main Testing Space Center
Other branches
- Strategic Missile Forces[31]
- HQ Band of the 33rd Guards Rocket Army
- Band of the 62nd Rocket Division
- Russian Airborne Forces
- Combined Band of the Russian Airborne Forces
- HQ Band of the 98th Guards Airborne Division
- HQ Band of the 106th Tula Guards Airborne Division
- Band of the 31st Guards Air Assault Brigade
- Blue Berets Band (not directly controlled by the military band service)
- HQ Band of the 7th Guards Air Assault (Mountain) Division
- Training Band of the 242nd Training Centre
- Band of the Guards Airborne Assault Caucasian Cossack Regiment
Overseas military bands
- Band of the Russian 201st Military Base
- Band of the Russian 102nd Military Base[32][33]
- Band of the 4th Guards Military Base
- Band of the 7th Military Base
- Band of the Operational Group of Russian Forces in Moldova
- Band of the Group of Russian Troops in Syria at Khmeimim Air Base
Bands of Russian Ministries and affiliate agencies
- Central Military Band of the Ministry of Defense of Russia (also known as the Red Army Band in the West)
- Band of the 147th Automobile Base of the Ministry of Defense[34][35]
- Girls Corps of Drums, Ministry of Defense of Russia
Not under the Armed Forces but under other agencies:
- Military Band Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia
- Military Band Service of the National Guard of Russia
- Police Band Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
- Central Band of the Border Guard Service of the Federal Security Service of Russia
Former bands
Under the Soviet Armed Forces and disbanded bands under the current Russian Armed Forces:
- Military Band Service of the Southern Group of Forces
- Military Band Service of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany
- Military Band Service of the Central Group of Forces
- Military Band Service of the Northern Group of Forces
- Band of the Russian Transcaucasus Group of Forces
- HQ Band of the Far Eastern Military District[36]
- 11th HQ Band of the Turkestan Military District
- 14th HQ Band of the Kyiv Military District
- 9th HQ Band of the Odessa Military District
- HQ Band of the Central Asian Military District
- Band of the Pushkin Air Defense Radioelectronical High School of the Soviet Air Defence Forces
- Band of the Donbass Pilot Training School
- Band of the Sevastopol College of Naval Engineering
- Band of the St. Peterburg Submarine Navigation High School
Under the Imperial Russian Army and the Imperial Russian Navy:
- Band of the Mozhansky Infantry Regiment
- HQ Band of the Imperial Life Guards and Petersburg Military District
- Band of the Preobrazhensky Life-Guard Regiment
- Band of the Semyonovsky Life Guard Regiment
- Band of the Pavlovsky Life-Guard Regiment
- Fanfare Band of His Imperial Majesty's Lifeguards Cossack Regiment
- Fanfare Section and Brass Band of His Imperial Majesty's Life Guard Horse Artillery Brigade
- Mounted Brass Band of the Life Guard Horse Regiment
- Band of the Alexander Military Institute
- Band of the Naval Cadet Corps Saint Petersburg
Musical training
Musicians from the bands of the Moscow area garrison either receive their training from the Moscow Military Music College or the Moscow Conservatory.
After the 1917
One of the first steps of the new Soviet government was the 1921 opening of classes at the Tashkent and Petrograd Military Music Schools. A year later, the
In October 1964, the first group of foreign students from the
Characteristics
Garrison conductors
The military conductor of the massed city garrison bands is responsible for providing general garrison events with military bands of military units and for the preparation, training, administration and formation of massed garrison bands in their area of responsibility.
In addition, they are, according to Article 36 of a decree by the
The position of garrison conductor of massed military bands is present in many other Russian major cities.
Drum majors
In the Russian military,
Fanfare trumpets
Field snare drummers of massed bands
The late decades of Soviet rule also saw the reintroduction of another aspect of military bands in Russia: the field snare drummers, which are a modern form of the days wherein snare drummers lead out their bands or their respective units on parade (the latter when with buglers, fifers and/or fanfare trumpeters) or when in massed bands formation. They first appeared during the October Revolution Day parade of 1981, and the Special Exemplary Military Band of the Guard of Honor Battalion of Russia pioneered the use of the drums when they first adopted them for state arrival and wreath laying ceremonies in 1978–1979.[45] These drummers typically carry large or small sized side marching snare drums fitted with rubber or cotton slings, during the 1980s the drums were painted red and white with the red star cap badge of the Soviet Armed Forces in the center and gold borders. Today, of all select cities that have had massed bands formation for major parades during the 1980s, only five now maintain the practice for major national holidays (Moscow, Krasnodar, Sevastopol (introduced 2018), Yekaterinburg (reinstated 2020) and Khabarovsk (introduced 2017)), formerly it was standard use in the massed bands in St. Petersburg, Kazan and Rostov-on-Don, among other cities. In Moscow, the field snare drummers of the massed bands today wear the same uniforms as the fanfare trumpeters to honor their Imperial predecessors.
Corps of drums
Most military academies and cadet schools, as well as a number of HQ and support units of military formations and commands, maintain a
Uniform
The uniforms of Russian military bands vary depending on the unit. Most unit bands utilize the standard dress uniform with the closed collar of the
Size and composition
There are 4 variant sizes of military bands. The size depends on the status of the unit/institution of which it is attached. For example, a band of a regiment/brigade formation may only have 18 people (they are usually referred to as полковом оркестре, meaning regimental bands), whereas a band of a
Formation of city massed bands for military parades
The Red Square military parade films from the 1920s and 1930s[48] and photographs from these decades would often feature the massed military bands of the Moscow Military District formed up in a form that had been used many times during the Imperial era during major military parades: the percussion, glockenspiels and Turkish crescents being at the front ranks behind the senior director, lead bandmasters and the drum major/s together with the chromatic fanfare trumpeters and the trombonists, with the trumpeters and clarinet players behind in front of the conductors and bandmasters followed by the remainder of the bandsmen, with the tubas, euphoniums, wagner tubas and helicons in the rear ranks. This was an adapted form of the German parade formation of individual military bands to suit the Russian tradition since the late 19th century of having massed bands. This had been the arrangement seen during the 1945 Victory Parade in a modified form that had begun in the 1930s under Major General Tchernetsky, the founding Senior Director of Music of the Armed Forces. Similar formations were present in a number of cities in the Soviet Union and is the basis of the modern day massed bands formation in Kyiv under the Military Music Department of the General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces. The modern arrangement of massed bands in many parts of Russia today began in the 1951 May Day Parade under the senior director of music, Major General Ivan Petrov, which has been modified many times with the current arrangement having been used within Moscow since 2021, which is a mix of the old and new traditions. In Moscow and several other cities (like Khabarovsk, Rostov-on-Don and Yekaterinburg), the form is that the chromatic fanfare trumpeters and field drummers, as well as glockenspiel players, are at the front ranks of the massed bands (manned within the Moscow area of around 1,600 musicians), followed by the trumpeters, trombonists, the percussion battery, French horns, woodwinds and the bass section (tubas, euphoniums, tenor horns, sousaphones and wagner tubas). Similar formations are present in other major cities with massed bands formations available even without the drummers and fanfare trumpeters, having an estimated 200 to 450 in minor cities up to more than 800 in cities like St. Petersburg and Rostov-on-Don. In the 2019 Victory Day parade in Ufa, Bashkortostan, a modified form of the Imperial and early Soviet massed bands formation was used.
Performances
- The combined bands of the Moscow Garrison (usually composed of over 1,100 musicians) are required to take part in the annual Moscow Victory Day Parade on Red Square under the leadership of the Senior Director of Music of the Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia.[49]
- The Central Military Band of the Ministry of Defense of Russia is also required to take part in the Russian Honor Parade on Red Square on November 7.
- The Special Exemplary Military Band of the Guard of Honor Battalion of Russia performs with the 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment during the welcoming of foreign delegations to Russia.
- Being the host of the festival, the senior director of music of the military band service requires Russian military bands to take part in the Spasskaya Tower military tattoo. He serves as the lead co-organizing chairman of the festival and its executive producer.
Notable current and former musicians in the Russian/Soviet Armed Forces
- Lieutenant General Moscow Garrison.
- Captain Alexei Karabanov – Current conductor of the Central Navy Band of Russia and longtime director of the Admiralty Navy Band of Russia from 1985 to 2008.
- Vasily Agapkin - composer and author of Farewell of Slavianka (written 1912)
- Colonel Armen Poghosyan – Current Director of the Band of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Armenia
- Colonel Alexander Gerasimov – Director of the Moscow Military Music College
- Colonel Dainis Vuskans – Current Director of the Latvian NAF Staff band and former member of the Band of the KaliningradGarrison
- Colonel Pavel Makarov – Current Director of the Band of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Uzbekistan and former commander of the 11th Band of the Turkestan Military District
- Major General Volodymyr Derkach – Senior Military Director of the Military Music Department of the General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces from 1995 to 2014
- Major General Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijansince 1992.
- Lieutenant Colonel Yunus Gulzarov – Former director of the Uzbek Ministry of Internal Affairs and former member of the Band of the Soviet Defence Ministry.[50]
- Ilya Shatrov - Former bandmaster of the Mokshansky Regimental Orchestra
- Vladimir Mikhailov - Press Secretary for the Central Band of the Russian Defence Ministry[51]
- Viktor Runov - Notable Russian military composer and former director of various bands in the Moscow area, including the Band of the Moscow Border Guard School of the Soviet Interior Ministry[52]
- Yuri Griboyedov
- Dmitry Pertsev - Director of the Military Band of the Leningrad Military District in the 1970s
- Igor Lifanovsky, Russian French horn player and former member of the Band of the Kyiv Military District[53]
- Alexander Salik - Director of the Military Band Service of the Northern Group of Forces from 1979 to 1984 and director of the Military Band Service of the Odessa Military District from 1984 to 1990.
- Stanislav Volynov - Director of the Military Band Service of the Northern Group of Forces from 1984 to 1988.[54]
- Georgy Petrovich Alyavdin - Director of the Central Navy Band of Russia from 1953 to 1970 and professor of music whose pupils included Valery Khalilov and Captain Alexei Karabanov.[citation needed]
- Michael Yaaran - Director of the Israel Defense Forces Orchestra from 2003 to 2013.
- Captain Vladimir Khourda - Director of the Music of the Foreign Legion since 2023.[55]
Gallery
Photo
-
The combined Navy Band of Russia
-
The HQ Band of the Northwestern District Command of the National Guard
-
The Military Band of the Baltic Fleet
-
Konstantin Petrovich
-
The central band under the direction of Colonel Sergey Durygin during its 90th anniversary concert in 2017
-
The military band of the 79th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment
-
The Massed Bands of the Nizhny Novgorod Garrison
-
The Band of the Volgograd Garrison
-
The corps of drums of the Moscow Military Conservatoire during the Victory Parade on Red Square in May 2010
-
A band of an airborne cossack regiment
-
Members of an air force band on Air Force Day in 2020
Videos
-
The massed bands performing the National anthem of Russia at a Victory Day Parade in 2010
-
The presidential band performing the national anthem at the Inauguration of Dmitry Medvedev in 2008
See also
- Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia
- Military band
- Corps of drums
- Fanfare band
- Canadian military bands
- United States military bands
- List of marching bands
- March (music)
References
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Video sources
- "Central Military Band of Russia Documentary Фильм о Военном Оркестре России". Youtube (in Russian). Retrieved 13 July 2018.
- Военно-оркестровая служба Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации. Mil.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 13 July 2018.
- "March of Life Guards Preobrazhensky regiment". Youtube. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- Военный оркестр вч 80847 ГСВГ. Youtube (in Russian). Retrieved 14 October 2018.
- قيادة الفرق الموسيقية العسكرية بعصى القيادة. Youtube (in Arabic). Retrieved 27 November 2018.
- "Massed Bands of the Soviet Army plays march "The Stars and Stripes Forever" by Sousa". Youtube. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
- "Сводный оркестр Санкт-Петербургского гарнизона исполняет военные марши". Youtube. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
- "Музыкальное оформление воинских ритуалов. МО СССР 1982 год". Youtube. Retrieved 9 October 2019.