Salam Fayyad
Salam Fayyad | |
---|---|
سلام فياض | |
Ahmad Qurei | |
Personal details | |
Born | Third Way | 12 April 1952 or 1951 (age 72–73)
Alma mater | American University of Beirut St Edward's University University of Texas, Austin |
Salam Fayyad (
Fayyad resigned from the cabinet in November 2005 to run as founder and leader of the new
Fayyad is a visiting senior scholar and the Daniella Lipper Coules '95 Distinguished Visitor in Foreign Affairs at the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University.[2] He is widely known for introducing various reforms that improved the Palestinian economy.
Early life and education
Salam Fayyad was born in
Career
Fayyad began his teaching career at Yarmouk University in Jordan. He then worked at the International Monetary Fund in Washington from 1987 to 1995 and from 1996 to 2001 as the International Monetary Fund's representative to Palestine based in Jerusalem.[14][15][16]
Fayyad served as the regional manager of the Arab Bank in the West Bank and Gaza until he accepted an offer to become Yasser Arafat's
Prime Minister (2007–2013)
On 15 June 2007, following
End February 2009, Hamas and Fatah
On 14 February 2011, Fayyad tendered his government's resignation, two days after PLO negotiator
Following the February 2012 Doha agreement and the successive May 2012 Cairo accord, which also failed to be implemented, Mahmoud Abbas asked Fayyad to form a new Cabinet, without Hamas' involvement.[27] On 16 May 2012, a reshuffled Cabinet saw the light.[28] Fayyad gave up his post as Finance Minister in favour of Nabeel Kassis. The PA faced an estimated financing gap of about $500 million. Eight new ministers were added to the new 21-member cabinet, with two ministers specifically replaced due to corruption.[28]
On 3 March 2013, Finance Minister Kassis resigned amid deepening economic malaise in the West Bank. The PA faced a huge budget deficit due to insufficient donor funds and financial sanctions regularly imposed by Israel to punish them, and salary payments for some 150,000 PA employees were delayed. Kassis also questioned the state-building agenda adopted by the PA under Fayyad's leadership.[29]
Fayyadism: Reform plans
Between 2007 and 2013, Fayyad introduced as Prime Minister some national reform plans, in media sometimes referred to as "Fayyadism".[30] In 2008, he launched his "Palestinian Reform and Development Plan 2008–2010" (PRDP), a West Bank First strategy, aimed to isolate and weaken Hamas in Gaza by developing the West Bank over Gaza, in compliance with American and Israeli desires. It was based on both firm control by the PA security and a market-based (some would say neoliberal)[31] economic agenda. In 2009 followed the Reform and Development Plan, called "Palestine: Ending the Occupation, Establishing the State". In 2011, he introduced the subsequent National Development Plan 2011–2013: Establishing the State, Building our Future.[32]
A major component of Fayyad's plans was modernizing and professionalizing of the Palestinian Security Services under the banner of "One Homeland, One Flag, and One Law".[32]
2009–2010 reform plans
On 23 August 2009, Fayyad came out with a plan to reform the fundamental infrastructure of a Palestinian State, called "Palestine: Ending the Occupation, Establishing the State". He detailed a two-year working plan for reinforcing the institutions of the future Palestinian State.[33] This included, among other elements, a separation of powers, a free market, the development of existing infrastructure, and the building of new infrastructure such as government offices, a stock market, and an airport, all with the purpose of establishing a "de facto Palestinian State," based on the premise that the peace talks with Israel were faltering.[34][35]
In October 2010,
Post resignation (2013–present)
On 13 April 2013, PM Fayyad resigned again. Abbas accepted his resignation but asked him to remain as interim prime minister of the Palestinian Authority until a new government could be formed.
In September 2017, The Middle East Initiative (MEI) at Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs announced that Salam Fayyad, former Prime Minister of the Palestinian Authority, will join the Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) community as a Senior Fellow that academic year. As a Senior Fellow, Fayyad would deliver several public and closed addresses, engage with Harvard Kennedy School students, faculty, and affiliates, and participate in various events and activities at MEI, HKS and the broader Harvard campus.[39]
Political views
Fayyad has rejected calls for a
On 29 June 2011, in contravention of the Palestinian Authority's official position, and that of president Mahmoud Abbas, Fayyad expressed skepticism about its approach to the United Nations for a vote on statehood, saying it would be only a symbolic victory.[41] In 2007, Fayyad was quoted by Forbes: "It's the responsibility of men of religion to ... present religion as a way of tolerance, not as a cover for bloodshed."[42]
He has condemned violence against Israel as detrimental to Palestinian national aspirations, stated that Palestinian refugees could be resettled not in Israel but in a future Palestinian state, and suggested that this state would offer citizenship to Jews.
Public views
Fayyad won international and domestic approval for his management of the West Bank. The World Bank credited him with making substantial improvements in Palestinian state institutions.[44]
Thomas Friedman, an American columnist, praised Fayyad for trying to build functioning institutions of a Palestinian state, and not focusing on Israel. Unlike Yasser Arafat, Fayyad "calls for the opposite—for a nonviolent struggle, for building non-corrupt transparent institutions and effective police and paramilitary units, which even the Israeli Army says are doing a good job; and then, once they are all up and running, declare a Palestinian state in the West Bank by 2011."[45]
See also
Notes
- unity governmentwas formed in 2014.
References
- ^ "Abbas Tasks Rami Hamdallah to Form New Palestinian Govt". Naharnet. Retrieved 2 June 2013.
- ^ "Salam Fayyad". Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. 18 July 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ "Salam Fayyad" (PDF). europarl.europa.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ^ "Salam Fayyad". National Press Club (Australia). Archived from the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ^ a b "سلام فياض". aljazeera.net. الجزيرة. 22 October 2014. Archived from the original on 26 July 2017. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ^ "Salam Fayyad". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ^ )
- ^ ISBN 9781442251700.
- ^ "Salam Fayyad, un économiste respecté en Occident" (in French). L'Obs. 7 March 2009. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ISBN 9780192511980.
- )
- ^ Kershner, Isabel. "Salam Fayyad". The New York Times.
- ^ 1980 MBA Graduate of St. Edward's University Archived 26 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Salam Fayyad". Brookings. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
- ^ "Salam Fayyad". Princeton School of Public and International Affairs. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
- ^ Palestinian third way rises. Ilene R. Prusher, CS Monitor, 13 December 2005
- Electronic Intifada, 18 June 2007
- ^ "TEXT-Opinion of lawyer who drafted Palestinian law". Reuters, 8 July 2007
- ^ "Palestinian PM Fayyad steps down". BBC NEWS, 7 March 2009
- ^ "Palestinians Reappoint Prime Minister Who Had Quit". The New York Times, 19 May 2009
- ^ "Abbas calls for Palestinian polls". Al Jazeera, 13 February 2011
- ^ "Abbas asks Fayyad to form new government". Ma’an/AFP, 14 February 2011
- ^ "Fatah says no to unity government with Hamas". Khaled Abu Toamah, The Jerusalem Post, 27 February 2011
- ^ "Mahmoud Abbas signals intent to bid for UN recognition for Palestinian statehood". The Telegraph, 26 June 2011
- ^ "Abbas might delay Palestinian unity government". Associated Press, 30 June 2011
- ^ "Palestinian Authority premier Salam Fayyad gives up finance post". Los Angeles Times, 16 May 2012
- ^ a b "Fayyad replaced as finance minister in reshuffle". JMCC, 16 May 2012
- ^ "PA's finance minister quits as West Bank economy worsens". Hugh Naylor, The National, 3 March 2013
- ^ "Comment: Fayyad boosts Palestinian cause". Tobias Buck, The Financial Times, 12 April 2010
- ^ Adam Hanieh: "Class and State in the West Bank. Neoliberalism under Occupation." In: Adam Hanieh, Lineages ef Revolt. Issues of Contemporary Capitalism in the Middle East, Haymerked Books, 2013.
- ^ a b The Evolution and Reform of Palestinian Security Forces 1993–2013, see p. 11, notes 8, 9 and PA references. Alaa Tartir, Stability: International Journal of Security & Development, 4(1): 46, pp. 1–20, 2015. HTML version
- ^ Fayyad fears for economic achievements. Al Bawaba, 5 September 2011
- Yediot Ahronot, 25 August 2009
- ^ Avi Yisasharof, ראש הממשלה הפלסטיני, סלאם פיאד: מדינה דה-פקטו בתוך שנתיים Archived 28 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Haaretz, August 2009
- ^ a b "Our Man in Palestine". Nathan Thrall, The New York Review of Books, 14 October 2010
- ^ Kershner, Isabel (13 April 2013). "Palestinian Prime Minister Resigns, Adding Uncertainty to Government". The New York Times.
- ^ "Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad resigns". BBC, 13 April 2013
- ^ "Harvard Kennedy School's Middle East Initiative Welcomes Dr. Salam Fayyad as Senior Fellow". Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
- ^ Friedson, Felice. "Fayyad rejects bi-natio." The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- ^ Ravid, Barak (28 June 2011). "Palestinian PM: UN recognition of state will just be symbolic victory". Haaretz. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- ^ Fayyad Warns Islamic Preachers[dead link]. Forbes, 29 June 2007
- ^ Princeton scholars and other experts discuss Israel and Gaza, retrieved 24 October 2023
- ^ "Reports See Fiscal Woes Undermining Palestinians". The New York Times. 12 September 2009.
- ^ Friedman, Thomas L. (17 March 2010). "Let's Fight Over a Big Plan". The New York Times.
External links
- Building a Thriving Economy and a Strong Democracy. Lecture by Fayyad at Palestine Center in Washington, DC, April 2007
- Palestinian Basic Law, selection of links and news
Articles
- Salam Fayyad: Everyone's favorite Palestinian, Haaretz, 1 April 2007
- Green Shoots in Palestine by Thomas Friedman, The New York Times, 4 August 2009
- Palestine Ending the Occupation, Establishing the State, Ynet, 25 August 2009
- How Salam Fayyad Will Save Palestine--Or Not. Kevin Peraino, Newsweek, 4 September 2009. highbeam[dead link]