Shaligram
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
|
A shaligram, or shaligrama shila (
Legends
According to the
A king named Vrishadhvaja had been cursed by Surya to endure poverty, due to his reluctance to worship any deity other than Shiva. To regain their lost prosperity, his grandsons Dharmadhvaja and Kushadhvaja performed austerities to appease the goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of prosperity. Pleased with the austerities, she granted them prosperity and blessed them by being born as their daughters. Accordingly, Lakshmi incarnated as Vedavati, the daughter of Kusadhvaja and Tulasi, the daughter of Dharmadhvaja. Tulasi went to Badarikashrama to perform austerities in order to gain Vishnu as her husband, but was informed by Brahma that she would not get Vishnu as her husband in that life, and would have to marry the danava (demon) named Shankhachuda.
In his previous birth, Shankhachuda was Sudama, a childhood friend of Krishna, an incarnation of Vishnu. He had been cursed by Radha to be born as a danava. As a result, Shankhachuda was virtuous and pious by nature, and was devoted to Vishnu. He married Tulasi on the command of Brahma, as per the rules of the Gandharva marriage. After Shankhachuda's marriage, the danavas, under his leadership, waged a battle against their natural enemies, the devas, in which they won due to merit of Shankhachuda's virtue. The devas were subsequently driven out of Svarga by the victorious danavas.
Demoralised and defeated, the devas approached Vishnu, who told them that Shankhachuda was destined to be killed by Shiva. On being requested by the devas, Shiva, along with his attendants and the devas, waged a battle against the danavas, led by Shankhachuda. However, neither side was able to outpower the other. An unembodied voice told Shiva that by the boon of Brahma, Shankhachuda was invincible in combat as long as he wore his armour, and his wife's chastity was not violated.
Hence, Vishnu, assuming the form of an old Brahmin, asked Shankhachuda for his armour while begging alms. Shankhachuda donated his armour to him. When he was busy fighting with Shiva, Vishnu, wearing Shankhachuda's armour, assumed the form of Shankhachuda, and cohabited with Tulasi. Thus, Tulasi's chastity was broken, and Shankhachuda was killed by Shiva's trishula, thereby relieving Shridama from the curse.
At the moment of Shankhachuda's death, Tulasi became suspicious that the man who was with her at that time was not Shankhachuda. When she discovered that it was Vishnu who had deceived her, she cursed him to become a stone, as she believed that he had been emotionless like a stone in accomplishing the death of his devotee, Shankhachuda, and stealing her chastity, when she was also his devotee. Vishnu consoled Tulasi by stating that it was the result of her austerities performed in the past in order to gain him as her husband, and that she would again become his wife upon casting off her body. Thus, Lakshmi cast off the body of Tulasi, and assumed a new form (which became known by the name of Tulasi). The discarded body of Tulasi was transformed into the
History
Historically, the use of shaligrama shilas in worship can be traced to the time of Adi Shankara through the latter's works. Specifically, his commentary to the verse 1.6.1 in Taittiriya Upanishad,[7][8] and his commentary to the verse 1.3.14 of the Brahma Sutras,[9] suggest that the use of shaligrama shila in the worship of Vishnu has been a well-known Hindu practice. A good number of false shaligrama shilas, too, remain in circulation.
The statue of
Use
Shaligrama shilas are used as non-anthropomorphic representations of
Unlike murtis, shaligrama shilas can be worshipped in individual residencies alongside
The Shaligram Pooja Vidhi, a reverent process of worshipping Lord Vishnu, unfolds through a series of sacred steps designed to honor this divine manifestation. Begin the Shaligram Pooja by invoking Lord Vishnu's presence with heartfelt prayers. Gently bathe the Shaligram in water or milk, symbolizing purification, then dry it and adorn with a clean cloth and sandalwood paste. Offer flowers, fruits, incense, and light a lamp, signifying the elements and devotion. Chant Vishnu-related mantras or prayers, focusing on the deity's virtues. Conclude with an Aarti, using the lit lamp to circle the Shaligram, expressing reverence. Share the offerings as Prasad, distributing the blessings received.[12]
Literature
The Pranatoshani Tantra[10] states that:
- The merit gained by worshipping Vishnu in a Shalagrama shila once is equivalent to that of conducting a thousand Rajasuya yajnas and donating the entire earth.
- A person who is unable to undertake pilgrimage, donate articles to the needy and brahmins or conduct yajnas can gain mukti (liberation) by worshipping Vishnu in a Shalagrama shila.
- Land situated within the radius of three yojanas of a Shalagrama shila becomes sacred to Vishnu even if that land is inhabited by mlecchas (non-Hindus). A devout worshipper who dies in such an area is never reborn again.
- All sorts of auspicious activities (like taking ablution, donating articles to the needy and brahmins, undergoing austerities and conducting homa) grants merit for all eternity on being conducted in the vicinity of a Shalagrama shila.
- All sorts of sins whether perceived in mind or committed in deeds for an entire year are destroyed by donating a Shalagrama shila to a brahmin.
- The person who worships together 12 Shalagrama shilas for a single day earns the merit equivalent of worshipping 12 lingas with lotuses made out of gold and residing in Varanasifor eight days.
- The person who worships together 100 Shalagrama shilas attains Maharloka after death and is reborn as an emperor.
- Moksha is undoubtedly obtained by the person who worships a Shalagrama shila and Dvaravati shila together.
The material is also mentioned in the Skanda Purana[13] and Padma Purana.[14]
Restrictions
- The Pranatoshani Tantrabrahmins are allowed to touch a Shalagrama shila. On being touched by somebody other than an initiated brahmin, the Shalagrama shila must be cleansed with panchagavya. However all persons are allowed to be the yajamanafor the worship of a Shalagrama shila.
- The Padma Purana,[14] Patala Khanda, Chapter 20 prohibits women of all castes from touching a Shalagrama shila both directly (by anointing sandalwood paste) and indirectly (by offering flowers).
- The Padma Purana,[14] Patala Khanda, Chapter 79 states that person who buys and sells Shalagrama shilas is damned in hell as long as the sun exists in the sky. The same fate is destined for the person who approves of buying or selling Shalagrama shilas and the person who determines its monetary value.
- The Devi Bhagavata Purana,[15] 9th Skandha, Chapter 10 states that the person who places the Shalagrama shila on ground is damned in hell for a hundred Manvantaras where he experiences the pain of being eaten by worms.
- The Devi Bhagavata Purana,[15] 9th Skandha, Chapter 24 states that failing to keep one's promise or speaking lies while holding the Shalagrama shila in hand leads the person to be damned in hell for the life-time of Brahma. It also states that the person who removes a tulasi leaf from a Shalagrama shila is separated from his wife in his next birth.
- The Devi Bhagavata Purana,[15] 9th Skandha, Chapter 35 states that the person who swears falsely while touching a Shalagrama shila experiences the pain of being burnt in red-hot coal for the lifetime of 14 Indras in hell and is reborn as a worm residing in faeces for seven consecutive births.
References
- ^ "Taking the Lo road in Mustang, Nepal, The National". www.thenational.ae. May 2014. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
- ISBN 978-0-8239-3180-4.
- ISBN 978-1-135-18979-2.
- ^ Aatmo, Vivek (19 June 2019). "Shaligram: Symbol of Lord Vishnu's Grace". Rudraksha Nepal.
- ^ "Devi Bhagavata Purana, 9th Skandha, Chapter 24". 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Shiva Purana, Rudra Samhita, Yuddha Khanda, Chapter 41". 19 October 2018.
- ^ A. Mahadeva Sastri. Taittiriya Upanishad: with the commentaries of Sankaracharya, Suresvaracharya, and Sayana (Vidyaranya), pp. 80 (free download at: https://archive.org/download/taittiriyaupanis00sankiala/taittiriyaupanis00sankiala.pdf)
- ^ "Taittiriya Upanishad", Chapter 1, Section 6, Verse 1 in The Taittiriya Upanishad, With the Commentaries of Śaṅkarāchārya (url: https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-taittiriya-upanishad/d/doc79780.html)
- ^ George Thibaut. The Vedanta-Sutras with the Commentary by Sankaracarya: Sacred Books of the East, Volume 1, pp. 178 (url: http://www.bharatadesam.com/spiritual/brahma_sutra/brahma_sutra_sankara_34083.php)
- ^ a b c "প্রাণতোষণী তন্ত্র at www.archive.org". 11 May 2021.
- ^ "পুরোহিত দর্পণ at www.archive.org". 6 May 2021.
- ^ Khatiwada, Sukritya (27 March 2023). "The Ultimate Beginners Guide to Worshipping Shaligram (Shaligram Pooja Vidhi) by Nepa Rudraksha". Nepali Rudraksha.
- ^ "Skanda Purana at www.wisdomlib.org". 10 June 2021.
- ^ a b c "Padma Purana at www. wisdomlib.org". 10 June 2021.
- ^ a b c "Devi Bhagavata Purana at www.wisdomlib.org". 16 May 2013.