Teochew people
潮州人 / 潮汕人 / 汕頭人 / 揭阳人 | |
---|---|
Total population | |
25,000,000 |
Teochew people | |
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Teochew Peng'im | diê5 ziu1 nang5 / dio5 ziu1 nang5 |
The Teochew people or Chaoshanese, Teo-Swa people or Chaoshan people (rendered Têo-Swa in romanized Teoswa and Cháoshàn in
Terms
Teochew can be romanized in a variety of schemes, and are known in Mandarin as Cháoshan rén and in Cantonese as Chiushan yan. In referring to themselves as Sinitic people, Teochew people generally use Deung nang (Chinese: 唐人; pinyin: Tángrén; lit. 'Tang dynasty people'), as opposed to Hang Jin (simplified Chinese: 汉人; traditional Chinese: 漢人; pinyin: Hànrén; lit. 'Han dynasty people').
Teochew people of the
Kekyeo, Teochew, Swatow and Chaoshan people also commonly refer to each other as ga gi nang (Chinese: 家己儂; pinyin: Jiājǐrén; lit. 'our own people').[citation needed]
History
The ancestors of the Teochew people moved to present-day
The Teochew people are mistakenly known to the Cantonese as "Hoklo", literally meaning "men of Fujian", although the term "Teochew" was used in the Straits Settlements in the 19th century and early 20th century. "Teochew" is derived from Teochew prefecture (Chaozhou Fu) the departmental city where they originate.[8]
Teochew immigration to Singapore
From the 19th century, significant numbers of Teochew people left their homeland for Singapore and a new life.[9] Early Teochew settlers could trace their origins to eight counties/prefectures: Chao'an, Chenghai, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Puning, Huilai and Nan'ao. In addition to these new immigrants from the port of Swatow (Shantou), Teochew immigrants from Siam and the Riau Islands also began settling in Singapore after 1819.[10]
Today, Teochew language is the second-most spoken Sinitic language in Singapore.[10] They are the second-largest race / Ethnic group in Singapore, comprising 21% of the sinitic population. As a result, they play a significant role in commerce and politics.
Teochew in Taiwan
Most of the Teochew descendants in Taiwan have already been "
A 1926 Japanese census found that 134,800 people in Taiwan were of Teochew ancestry.[12][page needed]
Culture
Throughout a history of over 1000 years, the region of Chaoshan, known in ancient times as Teochew Prefecture, has developed and cultivated a prestigious culture, which manifests its unique characteristics in language, opera, traditional dress, cuisine, tea practice, music, and embroidery.[citation needed]
The
Teochew woodcarving (Chinese: 潮州木雕) is a form of Chinese woodcarving originating from Chaoshan. Teochew people used a great deal of Teochew wood carving in their buildings.[citation needed]
Yingge dance (Chinese: 英歌) is a form of Chinese folk dance which started in the Qing dynasty. With a history of more than 300 years, it is regarded as one of the most representative forms folk arts in Teochew culture.[15]
Although few movies or television dramas have been made about the Teochew people, one such notable drama is the Singaporean 1995 drama series The Teochew Family.[16] In 2019, Netflix released the documentary series Flavorful Origins, which focused on Teochew cuisine.
Notable Teochew people
Politicians
Leaders
- Chatichai Choonhavan, Prime Minister of Thailand; 1988–1991.[17]
- Banharn Silpa-archa, Prime Minister of Thailand; 1995–1996
Cabinet ministry
- Bhichai Rattakul, President of the National Assembly, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand.
- Chumpol Silpa-archa, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand, Minister of Tourism and Sports, Minister of Education.
- Kalaya Sophonpanich, Minister of Science and Technology of Thailand.[18]
- Korn Dabbaransi, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand, Minister of Office of the Prime Minister, Minister of Science and Technology, Minister of Public Health, Minister of Industry.
- Bhichit Rattakul, Governor of Bangkok.
- Alice Wong, Minister of Business, Minister of Seniors of Canada.
- Lim Boon Heng, Minister in the Prime Minister's Office, Minister without portfolio.
- Lim Swee Say, Minister in the Prime Minister's Office, Minister for Manpower, Minister for the Environment of Singapore.
- Teo Chee Hean, Senior Minister of Singapore, Coordinating Minister for National Security, Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore, Minister for Education, Minister for Defence.
- Tan Soo Khoon, Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore.
- Varawut Silpa-archa, Minister of Natural Resources and Environment of Thailand.
- Koh Poh Koon, Senior Minister for Environment, Manpower, Trade and Industry of Singapore.
Others
- Kraisak Choonhavan, member of Thailand parliament.
- Member of Parliament for Chisholm, Australia.
Businesspeople and entrepreneurs
- Li Ka-shing, founder of Cheung Kong Holdings.
- Chau Chak-Wing, founder of Kingold Group.
- Chin Sophonpanich, founded Bangkok Bank and Bangkok Insurance.[19]
- Vincent Lo, founder and chairman of Shui On Group.
- Lai Sun Group.
- Goh Cheng Liang, billionaire businessman, founded Wuthelam Holdings, which manufactures paint and coatings.[20]
- TCC Group and Fraser and Neave.
- Bangkok Broadcasting & Television Company.
- Joseph Lau, founder, chairman, and CEO of Chinese Estates Group.
- Thomas Lau, CEO of Lifestyle International Holdings which operates Hong Kong's largest department, Sogo Hong Kong.
- Trương Mỹ Lan, billionaire businesswoman and real estate developer in Vietnam, convicted for corruption in 2024.
- Peter Lam, billionaire and chairman of the Hong Kong Trade Development Council.
- Chartsiri Sophonpanich, president of Bangkok Bank.
- Ma Huateng, one of the top ten richest men in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$55.3 billion. He is the founder, chairman, and CEO of Tencent.
- Thapana Sirivadhanabhakdi, CEO and president of ThaiBev.
Actors and singers
- Chen Shucheng, actor and host.[21]
- Tan Kheng Hua, actress[22]
- Canti Lau, actor and singer.
- Zoe Tay, actress and former model.
- Chen Hanwei, actor.
- Joe Ma, actor.
- Ada Choi, actress.
- James Ma, actor and model from Thailand.
- Lucas Wong, rapper, singer, and model.
- Jessica Henwick, actress, director and writer.
- Ellen Wong, actress.
See also
- Poh Teck Tung Foundation: Teochew religious charitable group in Thailand
- Ngee Ann Kongsi: Teochew charitable group in Singapore
- Thai Chinese
- Taishanese people
- Lingnan culture
- Lingnan
Notes
- ^ a b 10 Things You Must Know As A Teochew. The Teochew Store.
- ^ "Map of China showing location of Chaoshan region" – via ResearchGate.
- ^ N Ng (2021), Engaging with a Genre in Decline: Teochew Opera in Western Sydney, vol. 22(2–3), The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, pp. 162–183
- ^ GL Tan (2018), An Introduction to the Culture and History of the Teochews in Singapore, World Scientific
- .
- ^ 蔡, 金河 (2007), "由民俗活动看潮汕文化对中华传统文化的传承", 广东史志·视窗年 第6期 (6): 71–73.
- ^ 广东潮州人的祖先来自福建? [dead link]
- ^ Kingsley Bolton, Christopher Hutton, Triad societies: western accounts of the history, sociology and linguistics of Chinese secret societies, p. 93.
- ^ Teochew Poit Ip Huay Kuan (2010). 潮州八邑会馆与義安公司的历史渊源. Archived 12 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 18 January 2010
- ^ a b Conceicao, Jeanne, Teochew Community, Singapore Government
- ^ "「消失」的族群?南臺灣屏東地區廣東福佬人的身分與認同". 中央研究院臺灣史研究所臺灣史研究集刊 (in Chinese). 20 (1). 2013. [dead link]
- ^ Taiwan Sotoku Kanbo Chosaka (1928). 台灣在籍漢民族鄉貫別調查 [Investigation of the regions of origin of Han people in Taiwan]. Taihoku-shi (Taipei): Taiwan Sotoku Kanbo Chosaka.
- .
- ^ Lau, Frederick (1998). "Chinese Music in the Diaspora: The Case of Teochew Music in Thailand" (PDF). 20. 동양음악: 109–125.
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(help) - ^ "英歌舞源自潮汕地區,是一種有三百多年歷史的民族舞蹈". Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Hakka vs Teochew". The New Paper. 31 December 1996. p. 25. Retrieved 31 October 2023 – via NewspaperSG.
- ^ Wen, Zongduo (n.d.). "Close bond with China inherited from ancestors". Chinadaily.com.cn.
- ^ Mi, Tingting (米婷婷) (9 October 2015). 泰国民主党副党首龙宛虹来溆寻根. 溆浦党建 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 1 February 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
- ISBN 9789814719445.
- ^ "Singapore's newest billionaire made his wealth from nothing". AsiaOne. 23 September 2013.
- ^ Yip, Jieying (1 June 2018). "Actor Chen Shucheng Opens Teochew Restaurant Serving "Hard-To-Find Traditional Dishes"". 8days.sg.
- ^ Bui, Natalie (21 September 2018). "Tan Kheng Hua talks parenting and being parented in Singapore". medium.com.
References and further reading
- Gia Lim Tan, "Origins," An Introduction to the Culture and History of the Teochews in Singapore," doi:10.1142/10967