Ueckermünde
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Ueckermünde | |
---|---|
Location of Ueckermünde within Vorpommern-Greifswald district Vorpommern-Greifswald | |
Founded | 1260 |
Subdivisions | 4 |
Government | |
• Mayor | Jürgen Kliewe |
Area | |
• Total | 84.64 km2 (32.68 sq mi) |
Elevation | 5 m (16 ft) |
Population (2022-12-31)[1] | |
• Total | 8,598 |
• Density | 100/km2 (260/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
Postal codes | 17373 |
Dialling codes | 039771 |
Vehicle registration | VG, UEM |
Website | www.ueckermuende.de |
Ueckermünde (German pronunciation: [ʏkɐˈmʏndə] ) is a seaport town in northeast Germany, located in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald, Western Pomerania, near Germany's border with Poland's Police County.
Ueckermünde has a long and varied history, going back to its founding by
History
Name
The name Ueckermünde translates into "mouth of the
Middle Ages
In the old Slavonic era Ueckermünde's location made it a settlement of fishermen. In 1178 (according to other sources 1223) Ucramund was first mentioned and in 1243 the
On 5 September 1327 by the Treaty of Ueckermünde the Pomeranian dukes and the Brandenburgian margrave agreed on a formal peace. The question of fiefdom was spared. Barnim III, Duke of Pomerania agreed to marry Mechthild (also Mathilda), daughter of Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria, yet the marriage never takes place.[3]
In the great fire of 1473 many of the medieval houses and the church were destroyed. In 1540 construction of the four wings of a castle was started by Pomeranian Duke Philipp I. In 1753 construction of the late-Gothic City Church St. Marien was started.
In 1540 the building of the four wings of the castle was started by Pomeranian Duke Philipp I.
16th to 19th centuries
The city underwent many sieges and was conquered numerous times during the following centuries. The city was almost completely destroyed in the
.In the course of the
In the early 18th century Ueckermünde was known for the royalty who liked to vacation there. The soldier king
The Swedish army conquered the city in 1761 and set up command in the castle district. In 1766 the Gothic church was replaced by a new building. In 1806 Ueckermünde was occupied by French troops.
Only at the end of the 18th, and the beginning of the 19th century did the city begin to flourish. Like Torgelow where, after the discovery of bog iron, several iron foundries were built, Ueckermünde saw the construction of roughly 50 brickworks in the 19th century and the city developed into an important trading, and shipbuilding center. From 1781 to 1795, 102 ships were launched. In the 1818 Prussian administrative reform the county of Ueckermünde (832 square kilometers and 24,000 inhabitants) was created.
Between 1819 and 1994 Ueckermünde was the county seat. By the middle of the 19th century there were over 27 merchant ships owned by Ueckermünders.[4]
In the Gründerzeit in the second half of the 19th century, many new buildings that shape the old town including the market and St. Mary's Church were built. At the end of the 19th century, an advanced medical facility St. Christopher's Hospital, known today as Ameos Clinic, was constructed.
Recent history
At the time of national socialism, the ten to twelve remaining Jewish families were driven into exile or murdered. An existing Jewish cemetery survived Nazi rule, but later fell into disrepair, and was desecrated. In 1961 a memorial was set up under state protection.
In 1945 the city surrendered without a fight or major war damage and was handed over to Soviet troops. From 1945 to 1952, Ueckermünde was part of the State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, from 1952 to 1990 of the Bezirk Neubrandenburg of East Germany and since 1990 again of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
In the castle in 1950, the Haffmuseum was opened and has been enlarged several times. In 1962, the construction of 18 hectares the Ueckermünde Animal Park began housing bout 400 animals of nearly 120 species. It receives over 150,000 visitors each year. At the end of the 1960s a new development to house over 6,000 people was built in a new district in an area in the west of the city.
The largest operation during
The old town remained intact in GDR times but many buildings suffered major structural damage because of decades of lack of maintenance. 1991 saw the redevelopment of the historic city center, beginning with a preserved southern wing of the palace. The Old Bulwark, an essential part of the old port, has been rehabilitated. The district Ueckermünde East (Garden City), was renovated as part of the basic urban renewal East. The area had been characterized by prefabricated buildings with a high housing vacancy, leading to partial restoration measures and restructuring processes.
The early 1990s also saw the restoration of many hotels, guest houses, apartments, and shops in the city center. A marina with 400 berths and 200 apartments was built in the vicinity of the Szczecin Lagoon.
In 2001 Ueckermünde received the title of "state-approved resort". For its exemplary city planning, Ueckermünde was given a national award in 2002 along with the cities of Eggesin and Torgelow.
Geography
The town, lying on the
The surrounding area, even when seen from the odd spot that reaches 20 m above
Climate
Climate data for Ueckermünde (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
4.3 (39.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
13.1 (55.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
18.8 (65.8) |
13.4 (56.1) |
7.4 (45.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.7 (33.3) |
1.5 (34.7) |
3.8 (38.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.5 (65.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
14.3 (57.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
4.9 (40.8) |
1.8 (35.2) |
9.3 (48.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
0.1 (32.2) |
3.8 (38.8) |
7.9 (46.2) |
11.3 (52.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
9.9 (49.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.3 (36.1) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
5.3 (41.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 41.4 (1.63) |
31.1 (1.22) |
35.0 (1.38) |
29.4 (1.16) |
52.5 (2.07) |
60.7 (2.39) |
69.3 (2.73) |
56.4 (2.22) |
49.1 (1.93) |
46.8 (1.84) |
43.0 (1.69) |
41.4 (1.63) |
556.1 (21.89) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 16.4 | 14.5 | 13.8 | 10.9 | 12.9 | 13.0 | 14.3 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 14.9 | 15.2 | 17.3 | 168.9 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
86.6 | 83.2 | 79.0 | 73.7 | 73.2 | 73.2 | 74.7 | 75.2 | 80.3 | 84.5 | 88.6 | 88.3 | 80.0 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 44.3 | 69.1 | 130.9 | 203.0 | 236.8 | 230.7 | 237.1 | 223.2 | 163.9 | 104.8 | 47.1 | 31.9 | 1,717.3 |
Source: World Meteorological Organization[5] |
History of Oder Lagoon
In 1889 a River Bathhouse opened on the Uecker. In 1924 the lido opened in Ueckermünde, and in 1927 the Beach Hall opened at the Ueckermünde Oder Lagoon. In 1935 the Urban Spa and Tourist Association were founded. From this period, the first postcards of Ueckermünde reading "Haffbad Ueckermünde, the cheap resort for guests looking for relaxation" appeared. After the war, large parts of the beach had very rough trenches, and the pier, used for mooring passenger ships and seaplanes, was destroyed.
In the 1950s, there was a steamboat pier at the head Uecker (1959); the beach park was designed and the beach hall was rebuilt again. In the 1960s the city was built around a ten-kilometer-long belt declared a conservation area. In 1969 the municipal association for recreation Haffküste Ueckermünde responsible for the city Ueckermünde was formed. In the following year the Hafftourist, an economic project of the local communities Ueckermünde, Mönkebude, Grambin and Vogelsang, was created to promote joint tourism ventures. After the reunification the whole beach was reorganized and expanded and made accessible.
History of the Ueckermünde Sanatorium
Ueckermünde has had a large psychiatric hospital for many years. The hospital, now called the Christopher's Hospital, was, in the late 19th and beginning of the 20th century, highly progressive, employing innovative treatments and therapies. Patients with mental as well as physical disabilities were not only treated, but as far as possible employed and promoted.
With the takeover by the Nazis, the political environment for dealing with the mentally ill and disabled changed. The Ueckermünder hospital gained notoriety in the wake of the so-called
Parts of town
The following communities belong to Ueckermünde:
- Bellin
- Berndshof
- Rosenmühl
- Neuhof
Neighbouring communities
Clockwise from the east are: Vogelsang-Warsin, Eggesin, Liepgarten, Lübs, Mönkebude and Grambin.
Local council
After the elections from May 2014, the local council has 21 members.[6]
Party / List | CDU | The Left | SPD | Voters association|We from here |
---|---|---|---|---|
seats | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
The NPD did not run for the local elections in 2014. With the name „Wir von Hier“ a voters association with NPD-functionary Marko Müller ran for the local council.[7][8]
City partnerships
Ueckermünde is twinned with:[9]
- Nowe Warpno, Poland
- Sande, Lower Saxony
Towns near Ueckermünde
- Szczecin City (Poland)
- Torgelow (Germany)
- Eggesin (Germany)
- Pasewalk (Germany)
- Nowe Warpno (Poland)
- Police (Poland)
- Świnoujście (Poland)
Infrastructure
Ueckermünde can be reached from the Pasewalk-West or Pasewalk-Süd interchange on Autobahn A 20. Bundesstraße (Federal Highway) B 109 running between Anklam and Prenzlau passes 13 km to the town's west. Ueckermünde is the last stop on the railway line from Pasewalk. Passenger ships sail regularly to Szczecin, Świnoujście and Kamminke on the island of Usedom. Also, the Berlin-Usedom cycling highway passes through the town.
Sightseeing
- Stadtschloss (castle with museum)
- Stadthafen (harbour)
- Historical market square
- Ueckermünder Zoo
- Strandhalle ("Beach Hall")
Notable people from Ueckermünde
Honorary citizens
- 1836 Johann Gottfried Ravenstein, preacher and deacon
- 1849 Friedrich Wilhelm Wenzel, jurist
- 1875 Otto Friedrich Weber, jurist
- 1888 Earl of Rittberg, district administrator
- 1917 Ludwig von Schröder, (1854-1933), admiral
- 1918 Max Münter, industrialist
- 1924 Ernst Albrecht, politician
- 1929 Karl Leitz, businessman
- 1939 August Bartelt, teacher and organist
- 1975 Machmud Gafarow, city commander
- 1985 Ernst Decker, resistance fighter
- 1999 disabled sports
Persons born in Ueckermünde
- Friedrich VII. Magnus of Zähringen (1647–1709), Margrave of Baden-Durlach, 1677/1709.
- Louis H. F. Wagner (?? - 1875), convicted and executed murderer in Maine, United States.
- Julius Perotti, (DE Wiki) (1841–1901), born Julius Prott, German opera singer
- East German propaganda.
- Georg Schewe (1909-1989), German naval officer
- Gregor Laschen, (DE Wiki) (1941-2018), German writer and editor
- Uwe Saeger, (DE Wiki) (born 1948), German writer
- Michael Droese (born 1952), German track and field athlete
- Marianne Buggenhagen (born 1953), track and field athletel 6-time paralympic medallist, 7-time world champion
- Peter Thiede (born 1968), rower, former helmsman of the Deutschlandachter[10]
- Kerstin Fiedler-Wilhelm, (DE Wiki) (born 1968), German politician and former member of the Parliament of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
References
- Statistisches Amt Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. 2023.
- ^ Haff-Stadt Ueckermünde ist jetzt offiziell ein Seebad (Ostsee-Zeitung Online, May 1, 2013)
- ISBN 3-7338-0195-4; p. 181
- ^ Wendt, E. (1 January 1848). Uebersicht der Preussischen Handels-Marine: Stettin. 1848. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. pp. 27–28. Retrieved 2011-05-23.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
- ^ Stadt Ueckermünde: Stadtvertretung
- ^ Marko Müller, Mitglied des NPD-Landesvorstands, im Zusammenhang mit den Ermittlungen gegen die NPD-Fraktion MV wegen Untreueverdachts
- ^ Wählergruppe „Wir von Hier“ (sic!) im Kontext ihrer Entstehung
- ^ "Partnerschaftliche Bande" (in German). Stadt Ueckermünde. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
- ^ "Thiede gibt beim Achter das Steuer aus der Hand". Sport-Informations-Dienst (in German). FOCUS. 2009-02-11. Retrieved 2011-05-31.
External links
Media related to Ueckermünde at Wikimedia Commons