University of Washington
The University of Washington (UW[a] and informally U-Dub or U Dub[b]) is a public research university in Seattle, Washington, United States. Founded in 1861, the University of Washington is one of the oldest universities on the West Coast of the United States.
The university has a 703-acre (284 ha) main campus located in the city's University District. It also has satellite campuses in nearby cities of Tacoma and Bothell. Overall, UW encompasses more than 500 buildings and over 20 million gross square footage of space, including one of the largest library systems in the world with more than 26 university libraries, art centers, museums, laboratories, lecture halls, and stadiums.
Washington is the
History
Founding
In 1854, territorial governor
In 1861, scouting began for an appropriate 10 acres (4 ha) site in Seattle to serve as a new university campus. Arthur and Mary Denny donated eight acres, while fellow pioneers Edward Lander, and Charlie and Mary Terry, donated two acres on Denny's Knoll in
John Pike, for whom
19th century relocation
By the time
The sole-surviving remnants of Washington's first building are four 24-foot (7.3 m), white, hand-fluted cedar, Ionic columns. They were salvaged by Edmond S. Meany, one of the university's first graduates and former head of its history department. Meany and his colleague, Dean Herbert T. Condon, dubbed the columns as "Loyalty," "Industry," "Faith", and "Efficiency", or "LIFE." The columns now stand in the Sylvan Grove Theater.[18]
20th century expansion
Organizers of the 1909
Both
In 1942, all persons of Japanese ancestry in the Seattle area were forced into inland internment camps as part of Executive Order 9066 following the attack on Pearl Harbor. During this difficult time, university president Lee Paul Sieg took an active and sympathetic leadership role in advocating for and facilitating the transfer of Japanese American students to universities and colleges away from the Pacific Coast to help them avoid the mass incarceration.[20] Nevertheless, many Japanese American students and "soon-to-be" graduates were unable to transfer successfully in the short time window or receive diplomas before being incarcerated. It was only many years later that they were recognized for their accomplishments, during the University of Washington's Long Journey Home ceremonial event that was held in May 2008.
In October 2, 1946, the University of Washington formally opened a medical school as part of a School of Health Sciences against the Washington State Medical Association's oppositions, who did not wish to create a competitive surplus of physicians. The operation was spearheaded by President
From 1958 to 1973, the University of Washington saw a tremendous growth in student enrollment, its faculties and operating budget, and also its prestige under the leadership of
The University of Washington has a long history with civil rights starting from 1874,
Odegaard instituted a vision of building a "community of scholars", convincing the Washington State legislatures to increase investment in the university. Washington
21st century
In 1990, the University of Washington opened its additional campuses in Bothell and Tacoma. Although originally intended for students who have already completed two years of higher education, both schools have since become four-year universities with the authority to grant degrees. The first freshman classes at these campuses started in the fall of 2006. Today both Bothell and Tacoma also offer a selection of master's degree programs.
In 2012, the university began exploring plans and governmental approval to expand the main
Controversies
In January 23, 1939, the University of Washington was criticized for hiring Economics Professor Harold J. Laski, a British Marxist, as a visiting lecturer[43] in between the First Red Scare and Second Red Scare. The University of Washington was highly suspect by the Truman Administration in 1948 and 1949. Thomas H. Bienz, a Democratic State senator, declared that "At least 150 [University faculty members] are Communists" and soon thereafter two investigations were started by the Canwell Committee and the University. Professor of philosophy Herbert Phillips, professor of old English literature Joe Butterworth and professor of social psychology Ralph Gundlach were dismissed after the investigations.[44] A year after, another second investigation was commenced by the Joint Legislative Fact-finding Committee on Un-American Activities in the State of Washington, leading to investigations into other professors with a response of "One hundred and three professors [signing] an open letter to the University of Washington Board of Regents that stated the firings were based on guilt by association. The letter also declared that faculty morale and the University's reputation was damaged."[45]
On June 14, 2023, UW was accused of poor conduct. 2,400 postdocs and researchers committed a series of strikes because of an "impasse in contract negotiations around issues such as pay, child care support and sexual harassment protections." One of the biggest sources of tension between the parties was over the classification of postdocs. The university wanted to change classifications of certain employees as eligible for overtime, opting them out from the state's $65,000 minimum salary for overtime-exempt employees. The union representing the workers, UAW Local 4121, also wants postdocs' minimum wage to rise further to $72,000 in 2024, to match high living costs, something that the university has been unwilling to accept. The union also got support from U.S. Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona, who canceled his planned June 10 commencement speech at the last minute in solidarity with the strike.[46][47][48]
The union also alleged that the university tried to intimidate international researchers working on visas into not participating in the strike. In guidance to several departments, They claimed that the university had written, "We are required to notify the Department of Labor in the event of a strike by visa holders." UAW 4121 wrote that this language is a blatant misrepresentation of labor law, which only requires an employer to notify the federal agency that a strike is happening that includes people on visas, but does not require any reporting of individual workers. Workers denounced the rhetoric, holding a rally June 9 to protest the perceived targeting of international workers. June 12 and 13 had another scheduled round of talks, but the impasse remained.[49]
The original proposal of the University included increases for research scientists of about 10% over three years plus changes in the pay structure and a catch-up increase of 3.25% for those who did not get a merit raise last year. For postdocs, the original UW offer was an average 15% total wage increase in 2023, including 13% in January when new minimums were introduced, plus higher minimum salaries.[50] Negotiations settled on June 16 when a new contract was set to increase worker pay and improve the working conditions of the 2,400 union members at the institution. Under the negotiated contract, Postdoctorate Scholars will see their pay increased by 28% by January 1, 2024, and their compensation will be re-negotiated before the next increase by January 1, 2025. Researchers will see a pay increase of 33%, along with future wage increases that keep up with the costs of living.[49][51][52]
Campus
UW's main campus is situated in
to the west. The site encompasses 703 acres (2.84 km2) bounded by N.E. 45th Street on the north, N.E. Pacific Street on the south, Montlake Boulevard N.E. on the east, and 15th Avenue N.E. on the west.Red Square is the heart of the campus, surrounded by landmark buildings and artworks, such as Suzzallo Library, the Broken Obelisk, and the statue of George Washington. It functions as the central hub for students and hosts a variety of events annually. University Way, known locally as "The Ave", lies nearby and is a focus for much student life at the university.
North Campus
North Campus features some of UW's most recognized landscapes as well as landmarks, stretching from the signature
South Campus
South Campus occupies the land between Pacific Street and the Lake Washington Ship Canal. The land was previously the site of the University Golf Course but was given up to construct a building for the School of Medicine.[59] Today, South Campus is the location of UW's health sciences and natural sciences facilities, including the UW Medical Center and the Magnuson Health Sciences Center as well as locations for instruction and research in oceanography, bioengineering, biology, genome sciences, hydraulics, and comparative medicine.
East Campus
The East Campus area stretches east of Montlake Boulevard to
West Campus
West Campus consists of mainly modernist structures located on city streets, and stretches between 15th Avenue and Interstate 5 from the Ship Canal, to N.E. 41st Street. It is home to the College of Built Environments, School of Social Work, Fishery Sciences Building, UW Police Department as well as many of the university's apartments such as Stevens Court and Mercer Court and residence halls Alder, Lander, Maple and Elm Hall. Also near the campus is the U District Station.
Organization and administration
Governance
University of Washington's President
The university is governed by eleven Regents, one of whom is a student, and one a faculty member. Its most notable former regent is likely
Finances
In 2017 the university reported $4.893 billion in revenues and $5.666 billion in expenses, resulting in an operating loss of $774 million. This loss was offset by $342 million in state appropriations, $443 million in investment income, $166 million in gifts, and $185 million of other non-operating revenues.[68] Thus, the university's net position increased by $363 million in 2017.[68]
Donors
The university is funded in part by donations from
As of 2020, the university's Honor Roll of Donors recognized top contributors as including Bill Gates, Melinda Gates, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation,
Endowment
Endowed gifts are commingled in the university's Consolidated Endowment Fund, managed by an internal investment company at an annual cost of approximately $6.2 million.[68] The university reported $443.383 million of investment income in fiscal year 2017.[68] [72]
Major projects
In 2018, the university claimed to have nearly $1 billion in new construction underway.[73]
Sustainability
Overall, the University of Washington was one of several universities to receive the highest grade, "A−", on the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card in 2011.[79]
Academics
The university offers bachelor's, master's and
Rankings and reputation
Forbes[83] | 26 | |
---|---|---|
U.S. News & World Report[84] | 40 | |
Washington Monthly[85] | 14 | |
WSJ/College Pulse[86] | 45 | |
Global | ||
ARWU[87] | 18 | |
QS[88] | 63 | |
THE[89] | 26 | |
U.S. News & World Report[90] | 6 |
National Program Rankings[91] | |||
---|---|---|---|
Program | Ranking | ||
Audiology | 36 | ||
Biological Sciences | 23 | ||
Business | 20 | ||
Chemistry | 24 | ||
Clinical Psychology | 5 | ||
Earth Sciences | 10 | ||
Economics | 35 | ||
Education | 14 | ||
Engineering | 24 | ||
English | 35 | ||
Fine Arts | 32 | ||
Health Care Management | 15 | ||
History | 23 | ||
Law | 42 | ||
Library & Information Studies | 2 | ||
Mathematics | 26 | ||
Medical: Primary Care | 2 | ||
Medical: Research | 13 | ||
Nursing: Doctorate | 1 | ||
Nursing: Masters | 6 | ||
Nursing: Midwifery | 8 | ||
Occupational Therapy | 23 | ||
Pharmacy | 7 | ||
Physical Therapy | 25 | ||
Physician Assistant | 14 | ||
Physics | 22 | ||
Political Science | 33 | ||
Psychology | 26 | ||
Public Affairs | 6 | ||
Public Health | 7 | ||
Social Work | 3 | ||
Sociology | 17 | ||
Speech-Language Pathology | 10 | ||
Statistics | 3 |
UW is an elected member of the
The
U.S. News & World Report ranked UW 6th out of nearly 1,500 universities worldwide for 2024, with UW's undergraduate program tied for 40th among 389 national universities in the U.S. and tied for 19th among 209 public universities.[97]
In 2019, it ranked 10th among the universities around the world by SCImago Institutions Rankings.[98]
In 2019, Kiplinger magazine's review of "top college values" named UW 5th for in-state students and 10th for out-of-state students among U.S. public colleges, and 84th overall out of 500 schools.[99] In the Washington Monthly National University Rankings UW was ranked 15th domestically in 2018, based on its contribution to the public good as measured by social mobility, research, and promoting public service.[100]
In 2017, the Leiden Ranking, which focuses on science and the impact of scientific publications among the world's 500 major universities, ranked UW 12th globally and 5th in the U.S.[101][102]
Among the faculty as of 2012, there have been 151 members of American Association for the Advancement of Science, 68 members of the
Admissions
Undergraduate
Undergraduate admissions statistics | |
---|---|
Admit rate | 42.5 ( −6.2) |
Yield rate | 26.4 ( −6.2) |
Test scores middle 50%[i] | |
SAT Total | 1280–1490 (among 14% of FTFs) |
ACT Composite | 20–34 (among 5% of FTFs) |
|
The university's undergraduate admissions process is rated 91/99 by the
Of the 19% of the incoming freshman class who submitted
The university uses capacity constrained majors,[115] a gate-keeping process that requires most students to apply to an internal college or faculty. New applications are usually considered once or twice annually, and few students are admitted each time.[116] The screening process is based on cumulative academic performance, recommendation letters and extracurricular activities.[117]
2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicants | 62,428 | 52,488 | 48,840 | 43,778 | 45,579 | 45,907 | 44,877 |
Admits | 26,552 | 24,942 | 26,121 | 24,467 | 23,592 | 22,350 | 20,833 |
Admit rate | 42.5 | 47.5 | 53.5 | 55.9 | 51.8 | 48.7 | 46.4 |
Enrolled | 7,006 | 7,415 | 7,252 | 7,027 | 6,992 | 7,167 | 6,793 |
Yield rate | 26.4 | 29.7 | 27.8 | 28.7 | 29.6 | 32.1 | 32.6 |
ACT composite* (out of 36) |
30–34 (5%†) |
29–34 (7%†) |
29–34 (8%†) |
27–33 (28%†) |
27–33 (30%†) |
27–32 (31%†) |
27–32 (40%†) |
SAT composite* (out of 1600) |
1280–1490 (14%†) |
1320–1500 (17%†) |
1240–1450 (19%†) |
1220–1430 (81%†) |
1240–1440 (81%†) |
1220–1460 (80%†) |
1190–1420 (75%†) |
* middle 50% range † percentage of first-time freshmen who chose to submit |
Research
UW's research budget consistently ranks among the top 5 in both public and private universities in the United States.[124][125] It surpassed the $1.0 billion research budget milestone in 2012,[126] and university endowments reached almost $5.0 billion by 2021.[127] UW is the largest recipient of federal research funding among public universities, and currently ranks top 2nd among all public and private universities in the nation.[128]
In 2014, the University of Washington School of Oceanography and the UW Applied Physics Laboratory completed the construction of the first high-power underwater cabled observatory in the United States. Gabrielle Rocap, one of the researchers who discovered arsenic-breathing microbes in the Pacific, is part of the department's faculty.[129]
To promote equal academic opportunity, especially for people of low income, UW launched Husky Promise in 2006. Families of income up to 65 percent of state median income or 235 percent of the federal poverty level are eligible. With this, up to 30 percent of undergraduate students may be eligible. The cut-off income level that UW set is the highest in the nation, making top-quality education available to more people. UW President Mark Emmert said that being "elitist is not in our DNA".[130][131]
UW was the host university of ResearchChannel program (now defunct), the only TV channel in the United States dedicated solely for the dissemination of research from academic institutions and research organizations.[132] Participation of ResearchChannel included 36 universities, 15 research organizations, two corporate research centers and many other affiliates.[133]
Alan Michelson, now Head of the Built Environments Library at UW Seattle, manages the Pacific Coast Architecture Database (PCAD), which Michelson started in 2002 while he worked as Architecture and Design Librarian at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). The PCAD serves as a searchable public database detailing significant but importantly, also lesser-known and -lauded designers, buildings and structures, and partnerships, with links including to bibliographic literature.[134]
In 2019, iDefense reported that Chinese hackers had launched cyberattacks on dozens of academic institutions in an attempt to gain information on technology being developed for the United States Navy.[135] Some of the targets included the University of Washington.[135] The attacks have been underway since at least April 2017.[135]
Student life
Race and ethnicity[136] | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|
White | 36% | ||
Asian | 26% | ||
Foreign national | 15% | ||
Other[c] | 10% | ||
Hispanic | 9% | ||
Black | 3% | ||
Economic diversity | |||
Low-income[d] | 20% | ||
Affluent[e] | 80% |
University of Washington had 47,571 total enrollments as of Autumn 2019, making it the largest university on the West Coast by student population in spite of its selective admissions process.[137] It also boasts one of the most diverse student bodies within the US, with more than 50% of its undergraduate students self-identifying with minority groups.[138][139][140][141]
Organizations
Registered groups
The University of Washington boasts over 800 active Registered Student Organizations (RSOs), one of the largest networks of any universities in the world. RSOs are dedicated to a wide variety of interests both in and beyond campus. Some of these interest areas include academic focus groups, cultural exchanges, environmental activities, Greek life, political/social action, religious discussions, sports, international student gatherings by country, and STEM-specific events.
Student government
The Associated Students of the University of Washington (ASUW) is one of two Student Governments at the University of Washington, the other being the Graduate and Professional Student Senate. It is funded and supported by student fees, and provides services that directly and indirectly benefit them. The ASUW employs over 72 current University of Washington students, has over 500 volunteers, and spends $1.03 million annually to provide services and activities to the student body of 43,000 on-campus.[142] The Student Senate was established in 1994 as a division of the Associated Students of the University of Washington. Student Senate is one of two official student governed bodies and provides a broad-based discussion of issues. Currently, the ASUW Student Senate has a legislative body of over 150 senators representing a diverse set of interests on and off-campus.[143]
The ASUW was incorporated in the State of Washington in 1906.
Publication
The student newspaper is
Student activism
Throughout the 20th century, UW student activism centered around a variety of national and international concerns, from
University support
Housing
The university operates one of the largest campuses of any higher education institution in the world. Despite this, growing faculty and student count has strained the regional housing supply as well as transportation facilities. Starting in 2012, UW began taking active measures to explore, plan and enact a series of campus policies to manage the annual growth. In addition to new buildings, parking and
The Greek System at UW has also been a prominent part of student culture for more than 115 years. It is made up of two organizational bodies, the
Disability resources
In addition to the University of Washington's Disability Resources for Students (DRS) office, there is also a campus-wide
Athletics
UW students, sports teams, and alumni are called
The university participates in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I FBS. It is a member of the Pac-12 Conference through the 2023–24 academic year, after which it will join the Big Ten Conference.[153] The football team is traditionally competitive, having won the 1960 and 1991 national title and appeared in the College Football Playoff in 2016 and 2023, to go along with seven Rose Bowl victories and single wins in the Orange Bowl and Sugar Bowl. From 1907 to 1917, Washington football teams were unbeaten in 64 consecutive games, an NCAA record.[154] Tailgating by boat has been a Husky Stadium tradition since 1920 when the stadium was first built on the shores of Lake Washington. The Apple Cup game is an annual game against cross-state rival Washington State University that was first contested in 1900 with UW leading the all-time series, 75 wins to 33 losses and 6 ties. This game was last won by the University of Washington, and the Apple Cup trophy currently resides in Seattle. College Football Hall of Fame member Don James is a former head coach.
The men's
Recent national champions include the
The university has an extensive series of sports facilities, including but not limited to the
Husky Stadium
The rebuilt Husky Stadium is the first and primary source of income for the completely remodeled athletic district. The major remodel consisted of a new grand concourse, underground light-rail station which opened on March 19, 2016,[161] an enclosed west end design, replacement of bleachers with individual seating, removal of track and Huskytron, as well as the installation of a new press box section, private box seating, football offices, permanent seating in the east end zone that does not block the view of Lake Washington. The project also included new and improved amenities, concession stands, and bathrooms throughout. The cost for renovating the stadium was around $280 million and was designed for a slightly lower seating capacity than its previous design, now at 70,138 seats.
Mascot
The University of Washington's costumed mascot is Harry the Husky. "Harry the Husky" performs at sporting and special events, and a live Alaskan Malamute, currently named Dubs II,[162] has traditionally led the UW football team onto the field at the start of games. The school colors of purple and gold were adopted in 1892 by student vote. The choice was inspired by the first stanza of Lord Byron's The Destruction of Sennacherib:[163][164]
The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold,
And his cohorts were gleaming in purple and gold;
And the sheen of their spears was like stars on the sea,
When the blue wave rolls nightly on deep Galilee.
Additionally, the university has also hosted a long line of Alaskan Malamutes as mascots.[165]
Notable alumni and faculty
-
NASA Astronaut and Space Shuttle Columbia disastercrew member
-
REI
-
Bruce Lee, actor and martial artist
-
Grammy Award-winning jazz musician
-
Kyle MacLachlan, Golden Globe Award-winning actor
-
Rainn Wilson, actor
-
Jim L. Mora, former NFL coach
-
Pappy Boyington, World War II combat fighter ace
Notable alumni of the University of Washington include NFL football player Carl Fennema (1926); U.S. Olympic rower Joe Rantz (1936); architect Minoru Yamasaki (1934); news anchor and Big Sky resort founder Chet Huntley (1934); US Senator Henry M. Jackson (JD 1935); Baskin Robbins co-founder Irv Robbins (1939); former actor, The Hollywood Reporter columnist and TCM host Robert Osborne (1954); glass artist Dale Chihuly (BA 1965); serial killer Ted Bundy; Nobel Prize-winning biologist Linda B. Buck; Pulitzer Prize-winning author Marilynne Robinson (PhD 1977), martial artist Bruce Lee; saxophonist Kenny G (1978); MySpace co-founder Chris DeWolfe (1988); Mudhoney lead vocalist Mark Arm (1985, English);[167] Soundgarden guitarist Kim Thayil (Philosophy);[168] music manager Susan Silver (Chinese);[169] actor Rainn Wilson (BA, Drama 1986); radio and TV personality Andrew Harms (2001, Business and Drama); actor and comedian Joel McHale (BA, History 1995, MFA 2000), actor and Christian personality Jim Caviezel, former soccer player Megan Kufeld, and basketball player Matisse Thybulle.
In film & television
- 1999: 10 Things I Hate About You, directed by Gil Junger[170]
- 2022: The Sex Lives of College Girls, created by Mindy Kaling and Justin Noble
- 2023: The Boys in the Boat, directed by George Clooney
See also
- Friday Harbor Laboratories
- Internationales Kulturinstitut
- List of forestry universities and colleges
- Manastash Ridge Observatory
- Theodor Jacobsen Observatory
- University Book Store
- University of Washington Educational Outreach
- University of Washington firebombing incident
- University of Washington Information School
- Washington Escarpment– escarpment in Antarctica named for the university
Notes
- ^ The university prefers "the UW" over simply "UW" in noun form,[8] though independent sources often use the abbreviation with no article. For consistency, this article uses the simple form "UW".
- ^ "Dub" is a phonetic shorthand for the letter W.
- ^ Other consists of Multiracial Americans & those who prefer to not say.
- Pell grantintended for low-income students.
- ^ The percentage of students who are a part of the American middle class at the bare minimum.
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External links
- Official website
- University of Washington Athletics website
- University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – Calvin F. Todd Photographs Collection includes images from 1905 to 1930 of the University of Washington campus and scenes from Seattle including the waterfront, various buildings especially apartments, regradingactivities, and the Pike Place Market.
- University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – University of Washington Campus Photographs Photographs reflecting the early history of the University of Washington campus from its beginnings as the Territorial University through its establishment at its present site on the shores of Lake Washington. The database documents student activities, buildings, departments, and athletics.
- Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921. .