Arjun Singh (Madhya Pradesh politician)

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For other uses, see Arjun Singh (disambiguation).

Arjun Singh
Sidhi
In office
1967 (1967)–1972 (1972)
Preceded byRanvijaya Pratap Singh
Succeeded byRanvijaya Pratap Singh
ConstituencyUmaria
In office
1957 (1957)–1967 (1967)
Preceded byConstituency established
Succeeded byConstituency dissolved
ConstituencyMajholi
Personal details
Born(1930-11-05)5 November 1930
Allahabad University

Arjun Singh (5 November 1930 – 4 March 2011) was an Indian politician from the

Minister of Human Resource Development, in the Manmohan Singh and P. V. Narasimha Rao
ministries.

He is widely remembered for introducing 27% reservation for

AIIMS, with the 93rd Constitutional Amendment and Central Educational Institutions(CEIs) (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006.[1]

Early life

Arjun Singh was the son of Shiv Bahadur Singh, a jagirdar and the 26th Rao of Churhat thikana, and an INC politician.

Career

Arjun Singh assumes the charge of Union Minister for Human Resource Development in New Delhi on 24 May 2004

Arjun Singh was first elected to the

independent candidate. He joined the Indian National Congress in 1960. He was re-elected from Majholi in 1962 and became a minister in the INC government of Dwarka Prasad Mishra.[2]

In

Sidhi in 1972 and became a minister in the INC government of Prakash Chandra Sethi.[2]

In

Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, despite the presence of strong contenders such as Sethi, Vidya Charan Shukla and Shiv Bhanu Singh Solanki.[2]

His five year term was marked by the

Bhopal Gas Tragedy
.

He led the INC to victory in 1985, yet again winning from Churhat, but was forced to resign as Chief Minister after just one day due to differences with Sriniwas Tiwari. Motilal Vora succeeded him as Chief Minister.[2]

He resigned his Madhya Pradesh assembly seat and was appointed

South Delhi in a bypoll in 1985, necessitated by the assassination of the sitting MP Lalit Maken.He was appointed as First Vice-President of Indian National Congress by Rajiv Gandhi
.

In 1986, he resigned the Commerce ministry and was appointed Minister of Communications. He held this post till 1988 when he returned to the Government of Madhya Pradesh and again became Chief Minister of the state. He resigned his Lok Sabha seat and won a bypoll to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Kharsia in 1988. However, he resigned as Chief Minister in 1989 owing to the Churhat lottery scam, and was succeeded by Motilal Vora. He won in 1990 from Churhat.

In

Satna. He resigned his assembly seat and harboured ambitions of becoming Prime Minister after the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi.[2]

However,

Minister of Human Resource Development
in 1994.

In 1996, he rebelled against the INC leadership and formed the

Satna
.

Later, he returned to INC after the emergence of

Hoshangabad.[2]

He was elected to the

Minister of Human Resource Development from 2004 to 2009 in the Manmohan Singh
cabinet.

State Assembly elections in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry, Assam and West Bengal, in accordance with the 93rd Constitutional Amendment which was passed unanimously by both Houses of Parliament.[3]
This amendment enabled provision of reservation (27%) for Other Backward Class(OBCs) in government as well as private educational institutions.

This decision of government lead to the

Other Backward Classes in IITs, NITs, IIMs, AIIMS and other premier educational institutions. But it directed the government to exclude the "creamy layer", families whose annual salary in more than ₹4,50,000, among the OBCs while implementing the law. However, the "creamy layer" exclusion would not be applied to the SC/STs.[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

Controversies

Bhopal Incident

Arjun Singh was the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh when the deadly gas leak from the Union Carbide factory occurred. It is widely alleged that on the fateful night between 2 and 3 December 1984, when the gas leak occurred, Arjun Singh fled to his Kerwa Dam Palace (outside Bhopal) to save himself from deadly effects of leaked gas and was not available to manage the crisis or lead the administration.[11]

Subsequently, the Arjun Singh government's mishandling was criticised by the court in the verdict on the Bhopal disaster as pronounced by the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Bhopal on 7 June 2010. The media raised serious questions about his role in the release of Warren Anderson.[12]

In particular, the pilot of the aircraft in which Warren Anderson flew out of India after the gas leak, has recorded that the final sanction to permit the flight came from Arjun Singh's office.[13]

Churhat Lottery case and Kerwa Dam palace

While Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, Singh was involved in the scandal known as the Churhat Lottery case. The Churhat Children Welfare Society was floated in 1982 by relatives of Singh, and permitted to raise funds via lottery, and also given tax relief as a charity.[14] However, there were widespread allegations[15] that substantial sums of money were siphoned off from donations and used to construct the lavish Kerwa Dam Palace near Bhopal. The donations to the society included a Rs 150,000 donation from Union Carbide,[13] whose chief Warren Anderson was permitted to leave the country after the gas leak, allegedly by Arjun Singh's office.

At a public litigation hearing, the Madhya Pradesh High Court observed that "Arjun Singh owed an explanation to the nation about the costs and sources of construction of the palatial mansion in Bhopal".[16] While Singh had claimed the value of the palace was Rs 1.8 million, the IT Department estimated the cost at above Rs one crore.[17] However, a one-judge commission investigating the scandal gave a clean chit to Arjun Singh.

Jain Hawala case,[16]
and Singh was asked to submit fresh re-estimates of the palace cost. In court, the case was argued by Kapil Sibal and the order for re-examination was squashed on the grounds that it had been issued in a haste and "had not applied his mind".[16]

Reservation for Other Backward Class(OBCs) in educational institutions

After the

Other Backward Classes in All India Institutes of Medical Sciences, Indian Institutes of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Indian Institutes of Management, and other central universities. The Constitution (93rd Amendment) Act 2005 that was introduced by the First Manmohan Singh ministry
, granted a 27% reservation for Other Backward Classes in all Central Government institutions.

The 93rd Amendment Act of 2005 to the Indian Constitution added clause (5) in Article 15 which enables the government to make any special provision for the development of any socially and educationally backward classes of people, or scheduled castes or scheduled tribes, with regard to their enrolment in educational institutions, which would include private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the government, but apart from minority educational institutions. After the 93rd Amendment Act, the Central Educational Institutions (reservation in admission) Act was enacted by the Union Parliament in the year 2006.

This led to widespread

Basic Structure of the Constitution of India.[19] The case Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India challenged the government decision. In March 2007, the Supreme Court of India granted an injunction to suspension of OBC reservations.[20]

In April 2008, a 5-member constitutional bench of the Supreme Court upheld the Constitution (93rd Amendment) Act, and reinstated the Act in a judgement delivered by Chief Justice India K. G. Balakrishnan, with Justices Arijit Pasayat, C K Thakker, R V Raveendran and Dalveer Bhandari. OBC reservations were implemented in all central universities and institutions, but the government was required to exclude the creamy layer from the OBC, but not SC/ST.[21]

Other controversies

After the

communal.[23]

A case under the Anti-Dowry Act was registered against Arjun Singh in 2007. The then Uttar Pradesh government had decided to seek CBI inquiry into dowry harassment case.[24]

Arjun Singh was accused of irregularities and corruption in the grant of "Deemed University" status to private for-profit educational institutions which did not meet requisite educational standards, during his tenure as Minister for Human Resources Development. The Government of India initiated proceedings to repeal the "Deemed University" status of 44 such institutions in January 2010.[25]

Death

Singh died on 4 March 2011, at the age of 80. He had been admitted in

heart attack.[26] He was cremated at his home town of Churhat.[27]

Family

Arjun Singh's son

Leader of Opposition in the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly. His grandson is Arunoday Singh, a Bollywood actor.[28]

Another grandson of his,

Pashupati Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana
is the titular Shree Teen Maharaja of Nepal.

Positions held

Elections contested

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Central Educational Institutions(CEIs) (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006" (PDF). indiacode.nic.in. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Mishra, Ashish (26 November 2018). "अर्जुन सिंह : मध्यप्रदेश का वो मुख्यमंत्री, जिसके पिता को पीएम नेहरू ने बेइज्जत कर दिया था". The Lallantop.
  3. ^ "Ninety Third Amendment". Indiacode.nic.in. 20 January 2006. Archived from the original on 21 June 2008. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  4. ^ Mahapatra, Dhananjay (11 April 2008). "SC allows 27% quota for OBCs". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 12 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  5. ^ "SC okays 27% quota for OBCs in higher studies- Politics/Nation-News-The Economic Times". The Times of India. 11 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  6. ^ "NDTV.com: SC upholds 27 per cent OBC quota in educational institutions". Archived from the original on 11 April 2008.
  7. ^ "Breaking News Online: Breaking News! Supreme Court upholds OBC Quota in Educational Institutions". Breaking News Online. Archived from the original on 14 April 2008.
  8. ^ "Supreme Court upholds Governments OBC quota in higher educational institutions". Archived from the original on 13 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  9. ^ "Supreme Court upholds law for 27% OBC quota". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 11 April 2008. Archived from the original on 14 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  10. ^ "Supreme Court upholds Government's OBC quota in higher educational institutions | Latest News". Archived from the original on 26 May 2010. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  11. ^ "Arjun Singh, the missing MP Chief Minister during Bhopal Gas tragedy". India TV News. 3 December 2014.
  12. ^ "How Anderson came and left", The Bhopal Post, 9 June 2010.
  13. ^ a b "NATIONAL POLITICS: BJP loses appetite for dinner, not pact | News from Darjeeling, Dooars & Sikkim". Himalnews.wordpress.com. 13 June 2010. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
  14. ^ O. P. Ralhan (1998). Encyclopaedia of political parties : India, Pakistan, Bangladesh; national, regional, local. Anmol Publications.
    ISBN 81-7488-865-9
    .     p. 89
  15. ^ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Main News". Tribune India. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
  16. ^ a b c "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 27 July 2006.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  17. ^ Singh, N. K. (15 December 1986). "Police fortify Arjun Singh's mansion to prevent 'undesirable elements' from entering". India Today. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  18. ^ "Indian Express: Churhat deal probe draws blank". Archived from the original on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
  19. ^ "Youth For Equality". Youth for Equality.com. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
  20. ^ "Youth For Equality hails stay on OBC reservation". The Economic Times. 29 March 2007. Archived from the original on 10 August 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
  21. ^ "Supreme Court upholds 27 per cent quota for OBCs". India Today. 11 April 2008. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
  22. ^ "VHP stepping up its drive to Hinduise tribal belts of Bihar". Archived from the original on 15 June 2006. Retrieved 30 July 2006.
  23. ^ "For Arjun Singh, 'Sri Rama' spreads hatred". newindpress.com. Archived from the original on 16 November 2006. Retrieved 27 July 2006.
  24. ^ "Maya seeks CBI probe against Arjun Singh in dowry case- Hindustan Times". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 4 August 2007.
  25. ^ "44 Deemed Universities To Be De-Recognised By Govt". The Times of India. 19 January 2010. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011.
  26. ^ "Congress veteran Arjun Singh dead". The Economic Times. 5 March 2011.
  27. ^ "Arjun Singh to be cremated tomorrow in Churhat". APN News. 5 March 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  28. ^ "एमपी के पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री का पोता है जिस्म 2 का ये हीरो, इस एक्टर से प्रेरित होकर फिल्मों में रखा कदम". Aajtak. 16 February 2021.
  29. ^ CV at Indian Parliament website Archived 28 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  30. ^ "Arjun, Bhardwaj, Shinde elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha", Tribuneindia.com, 20 March 2006.

External links

Preceded by
Minister of Human Resource Development, Government of India

2004–2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Rajmangal Pandey
Minister of Human Resource Development, Government of India

1991–1994 		Succeeded by
Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rao
Preceded by
Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh

1988–1989 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of Communications, Government of India
1986–1988 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of Commerce, Government of India
1985–1986 		Succeeded by
Punjala Shiv Shankar
Preceded by Governor of Punjab
1985–1985 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh

1980–1985 		Succeeded by
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