Culture of the Russian Armed Forces

• Joint service
  • February 23 - Defender of the Fatherland Day
  • February 15 - International Duties Memorial Day is a veterans day that honors those who served in the
    Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, and Ogaden War
    ).
• Service branches
  • October 1 - Russian Ground Forces Day marks the raising of the first units of the Streltsy by Ivan the Terrible in 1550.
  • August 12 - Russian Air Force Day
  • Last Sunday of July - Navy Day
  • December 17 - Strategic Missile Troops Day was introduced in 1995 to commemorate the establishment of the strategic missile forces on 17 December 1959.
  • August 2 - Paratroopers' Day
  • October 24 - Day of Special Forces honors the 1950 raising of the first Spetsnaz companies
• Specialized forces
  • February 27 - Special Operations Forces Day^[2] commemorates establishment of annexation of Crimea in 2014^[3]
  • August 6 - Russian Railway Troops Day
  • October 4 -
    Sputnik
    satellite.
  • November 19 - Day of the Missile Forces and Artillery commemorate the artillery strikes employed at Battle of Stalingrad in 1942.
  • November 27 - Naval Infantry Day honors the 1705 date of the raising of the first units of today's Russian Marines by Peter the Great.
  • Second Sunday of September - Day of Tankmen
  • 19 September -
    defense industry of Russia
    .

Events

• Present arms - The command Na k'rah-ool! (На Караул!), also known as On Guard or Present Arms, is a command used for, with the preparatory command usually being Eyes on the Right and/or Eyes on the Left or Eyes on the Front.^[5][6] With an SKS rifle, present arms is carried out in two steps: through holding the rifle with the right hand, then, raising the rifle to the center of the chest, holding the rifle neck with the left, and then finally, the right hand moving to barrel of the rifle.^[7] When carrying an assault rifle, personnel will put the left hand flat over the neck of the weapon.
• At attention - The command of attention is known as Smer-nah (Смирно), during which soldiers of any unit snap their heads to the front and hold their chin up.^[5]

March step

The goose step is the standard marching step utilized by the Russian military. Originating in Prussian Army in the mid-18th century, it spread to Russia in the 19th century and was fully utilized by the Imperial Russian Army in the early 20th century. During the Cold War, the Soviet Union trained the militaries of its client states (particularly those in the Warsaw Pact) with Soviet ceremonial military drill, leading to its adoption in many Third World countries. A notable example of this in action was the East German Nationale Volksarmee, in which the Soviets encouraged a Prussian-style goose step.^[8]

Heraldry

Each branch of the Armed Forces has a representative colour, with a ceremonial colour also corresponding to the entire military. This coloured was first introduced on 8 December 2000. Being implemented later that month, it was simply a plain red field, symbolizing the traditional red color of the

• С нами Бог и Андреевский флаг! ("God and St. Andrew's flag are with us!") - Russian Navy[10]
• Там, где мы, там — победа! ("Where We Are, There is Victory!") - Russian Naval Infantry^[11]
• Никто, кроме нас! ("Nobody, but us!") - Russian Airborne^[12]
• После нас - тишина ("After us - silence") -
  Strategic Missile Forces^[13]
• Положение обязывает ("Noble Obligation") - 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment
• Честь и слава ("Honour and glory") - 4th Guards Tank Division
• Мы всюду там, где ждут победу! ("We are there, when victory is awaited!") - 76th Guards Air Assault Division
• Честь и Родина превыше всего! ("Honor and Motherland above all!") - 98th Guards Airborne Division
• Родина, честь, слава ("Motherland, Honour, Glory") - 2nd Guards Motor Rifle Division
• Мужество, отвага, честь! ("Courage, valor, honor!") - 7th Guards Mountain Air Assault Division
• Нет задач невыполнимых! ("There are no impossible tasks!") - 106th Guards Airborne Division
• Побеждает сильнейший ("The strongest wins") -
  45th Guards Spetznaz Brigade
• Что хорошо для других, то недостаточно для Семёновцев! ("What is good for others is not enough for Semyonovites!") -
  1st Semyonovsky Independent Rifle Regiment^[14]

Service marches and other military songs

The following are service marches used by the armed forces:

• Forward, infantry!^[15] (by Igor Matvienko) – Russian Ground Forces
• Air March (by Yuli Kant)^[16] – Russian Aerospace Forces
• The Crew—One Family^[17] – Russian Navy
• Strategic Missile Forces
• Our 10th Parachute Battalion^[19] (by Bulat Okudzhava) – Russian Airborne Forces

"

Several army museums have been established, most notably the Moscow-based Central Armed Forces Museum. Memorials serve as a way to preserve the military history of Russia, with one of the most iconic memorials is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, notably featuring the eternal flame. Other memorials to Russian military forces include the Rzhev Memorial to the Soviet Soldier and the Mamayev Kurgan.

Current museums

• Central Armed Forces Museum
• Central Air Force Museum
• Kubinka Tank Museum
• Peter the Great Central Naval Museum
• Museum of the Air Force of the Northern Fleet
• Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering Troops and Signal Corps
• Air Defence Forces Museum
• Museum of the History of the Airborne Forces
• Naval Museum of the Northern Fleet
• Military Medical Museum
• Military History Museum of the Pacific Fleet
• Museum of the History of Military Uniforms
• Military History Museum of the Black Sea Fleet
• Baltic Fleet Museum

^[22]

Notable war memorials (domestic and abroad)

• Alyosha Monument
• Khimki War Memorial
• Bronze Soldier of Tallinn (made by the Soviet government in 1947 in the capital of what is now Estonia)
• Monument to the Liberators of Soviet Latvia and Riga (made by the Soviet government in 1985 in the capital of what is now Latvia)
• Eternity Memorial Complex (built in 1975 and opened in the capital of Moldova)
• Soviet War Memorial, Treptower Park, Berlin
• Monument to the Soviet Army in Sofia, Bulgaria
• Soviet War Memorial in Vienna (located on the Austrian capital's Schwarzenbergplatz)

House of Military Officers

Main article:

Soviet era, party conferences were held for members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The main Russian officer house is the Central House of Officers of the Russian Army, located on Suvorov Square in Moscow.^[26]

Central Naval Library

The Federal State Treasury Institution of Culture and Art "Central Naval Library" of the Ministry of Defense is the oldest and largest library in the Armed Forces, serving as an information, bibliographic and methodological center for all libraries of the

Mikhailovsky Castle to the reconstructed building on Vasilievsky Island was completed.^[27]

The Arts

Theaters

The Armed Forces' theatrical production houses and entities include:^[28]

• Central Academic Theater of the Russian Army
• Drama Theater of the Eastern Military District
• Drama Theater of the Northern Fleet
• Drama Theater of the Baltic Fleet
• Drama Theater of the Pacific Fleet
• Drama Theater of the Black Sea Fleet

Military Artists' Studio

The Mitrofan Grekov Military Artists' Studio is a creative team that was founded in 1934 in memory of Soviet artist Mitrofan Grekov, the founder of Soviet battle painting. The team employs more than ten folk artists. The main task of the studio is to recreate moments of Russian military glory through painting. More than 70 panoramas and dioramas, ranging from the first Soviet panorama "Battle of Stalingrad", to a recreation of Franz Roubaud's panorama "Battle of Borodino", have seen the involvement of the studio. It is a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and the Order of the Red Star.^[29]

Film Studio

The Film Studio of the Ministry of Defense (Киностудия Минобороны РФ) creates educational films for the Russian Armed Forces and is responsible for the distribution of military educational, documentary and technical propaganda for the MoD and the

Soviet Ministry of Defence. In 1985, the film studio was awarded the Order of the Red Star for its services in generalizing the experience of World War II. At its peak in the mid-1980s, the studio had 19 officers and 516 employees from the Soviet Army. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the film studio was greatly reduced and relocated to Bolshevo near Moscow, on the territory of its former branch. The level of funding has decreased, and, consequently, the number of films released was minimal.^[30]

Song and Dance Ensembles

The Armed Forces hosts the following song and dance ensembles:^[31]

• Alexandrov Ensemble - official ensemble of the Armed Forces and its most senior ensemble
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Western Military District
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Central Military District
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Southern Military District
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Eastern Military District
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Russian Aerospace Forces^[32][33]
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Strategic Missile Forces "Krasnaya Zvezda"
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Airborne Forces
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Northern Fleet
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Baltic Fleet
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Pacific Fleet
• Song and Dance Ensemble of the Black Sea Fleet
• Engineering Troops Ensemble "For Faith and Fatherland"^[34]

Military bands

Main article: Russian military bands

Russian

rubles ($203.11) for their service.^[37]

Sports

Sports Clubs

• Central Army Sports Club (Moscow)
• CSKA Branch (St. Petersburg)
• CSKA Branch (Rostov-on-Don)
• CSKA Branch (Khabarovsk)
• CSKA Branch (Smolensk)
• CSKA Branch (Samara)
• Sports Center for Sea and Physical Training in Sevastopol
• CSKA Branch (Gelendzhik)

^[38]

Competitive competitions

In 2018, more than 2,500 mass competitions were held with the involvement of all personnel in 37 disciplines of military applied sports, more than 3,000 instructor-methodological and demonstration classes in various sections of physical training, more than 600 seminars with non-staff physical training organizers and unit commanders. All-army competitions for the Cup of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation "Commander starts" were held, where more than 3,000 officers and generals took part in the competition. Military athletes from among the candidates for the national teams of the Russian Federation in Olympic sports serve in sports companies.^[39]

The International Army Games is an annual Russian military sports event organized by the Russian military, with the first edition having been staged in August 2015, with the participation of close to 30 countries.^[40] In addition to the main competition, the games includes a military theme park, a recruitment station, and souvenir shops.^[41]

In popular culture

War films

During World War Two, many films from the

Central Newsreel Studio were produced as propaganda for the allied powers. Notable films among these include Fall of Berlin – 1945, Moscow Strikes Back, Encounter at the Elbe, and Ukraine in Flames

.

See also

• Culture of Russia
• Culture of the United States Marine Corps
• Central Archives of the Russian Ministry of Defence
• Flag Raising Ceremony (China)

References

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3. ^ День сил специальных операций в России RIA Novosti, 27 February 2018.
4. ^ "День Победы: история военных парадов". ТАСС.
5. ^ ^{a b} "Drill". 13th Guards Poltavaskaya.
6. ISBN 9785457979284
   .
7. ^ "3. ВЫПОЛНЕНИЕ ВОИНСКОГО ПРИВЕТСТВИЯ". army-vt.mitm.ru. Archived from the original on 2007-03-25. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
8. ISBN 9781118776131
   . Curiously, the East German Army retained the old Prussian military goose step until December 1989.
9. ^ "Флаги России-VEXILLOGRAPHIA". www.vexillographia.ru.
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13. ^ "Мэрия Москвы бесплатно разместила билборд "После нас — тишина" с изображением запуска баллистической ракеты". Новая газета - Novayagazeta.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2019-12-17. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
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40. ^ Rebecca Wright; Oren Liebermann; Darya Tarasova; Mary Ilyushina (13 August 2017). "Russia's International Army Games showcase military might". CNN.
41. ^ Mark Galeotti, [1], 'Foreign Policy', August 24, 2018

External links

• Russian Ministry of Defense (in English)