List of vice presidents of the United States

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Number One Observatory Circle, the official residence of the vice president of the United States, pictured in July 2001

There have been 49

Constitution in 1804, creating the current system where electors cast a separate ballot for the vice presidency.[1]

The vice president is the first person in the

tie-breaking vote on decisions made by the Senate. Vice presidents have exercised this latter power to varying extents over the years.[1]

Before adoption of the

acting president. Three vice presidents have briefly acted as president under the 25th Amendment: George H. W. Bush on July 13, 1985; Dick Cheney on June 29, 2002, and on July 21, 2007; and Kamala Harris
on November 19, 2021.

The persons who have served as vice president were

District of Columbia. New York has produced the most of any state as eight have been born there and three others considered it their home state. Most vice presidents have been in their 50s or 60s and had political experience before assuming the office.[1] Two vice presidents—George Clinton and John C. Calhoun—served under more than one president. Ill with tuberculosis and recovering in Cuba on Inauguration Day in 1853, William R. King, by an Act of Congress
, was allowed to take the oath outside the United States. He is the only vice president to take his oath of office in a foreign country.

Vice presidents

List of vice presidents of the United States from 1789 – till date.
No.[a] Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term Party[b] Election President
1 John Adams
(1735–1826)
[3][4][5] 		April 21, 1789[c]
–
March 4, 1797
Pro-Administration[d]
 1788–89 George Washington[e]
Federalist 1792
2 Thomas Jefferson
(1743–1826)
[6][7][8] 		March 4, 1797
–
March 4, 1801 		Democratic-Republican 1796 John Adams[f]
3 Aaron Burr
(1756–1836)
[9] 		March 4, 1801
–
March 4, 1805 		Democratic-Republican 1800 Thomas Jefferson
4 George Clinton[g]
(1739–1812)
[10] 		March 4, 1805
–
April 20, 1812 		Democratic-Republican 1804
1808 James Madison
Office vacant April 20, 1812 – March 4, 1813[h]
5 Elbridge Gerry[g]
(1744–1814)
[11] 		March 4, 1813
–
November 23, 1814 		Democratic-Republican 1812
Office vacant November 23, 1814 – March 4, 1817[h]
6 Daniel D. Tompkins
(1774–1825)
[12] 		March 4, 1817
–
March 4, 1825 		Democratic-Republican 1816 James Monroe
1820
7 John C. Calhoun[i]
(1782–1850)
[13] 		March 4, 1825
–
December 28, 1832 		Democratic-Republican 1824 John Q. Adams
Nullifier[j] 1828 Andrew Jackson[k]
Office vacant December 28, 1832 – March 4, 1833[h]
8 Martin Van Buren
(1782–1862)
[14][15][16] 		March 4, 1833
–
March 4, 1837 		Democratic 1832
9 Richard Mentor Johnson
(1780–1850)
[17] 		March 4, 1837
–
March 4, 1841 		Democratic 1836 Martin Van Buren
10 John Tyler[l]
(1790–1862)
[18][19][20] 		March 4, 1841
–
April 4, 1841 		Whig[m] 1840 William H. Harrison
Office vacant April 4, 1841 – March 4, 1845[h] John Tyler
11 George M. Dallas
(1792–1864)
[21] 		March 4, 1845
–
March 4, 1849 		Democratic 1844 James K. Polk
12 Millard Fillmore[l]
(1800–1874)
[22][23][24] 		March 4, 1849
–
July 9, 1850 		Whig 1848 Zachary Taylor
Office vacant July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853[h] Millard Fillmore
13 William R. King[g]
(1786–1853)
[25] 		March 4, 1853
–
April 18, 1853 		Democratic 1852 Franklin Pierce
Office vacant April 18, 1853 – March 4, 1857[h]
14 John C. Breckinridge
(1821–1875)
[26] 		March 4, 1857
–
March 4, 1861 		Democratic 1856 James Buchanan
15 Hannibal Hamlin
(1809–1891)
[27] 		March 4, 1861
–
March 4, 1865 		Republican 1860 Abraham Lincoln
16 Andrew Johnson[l]
(1808–1875)
[28][29][30] 		March 4, 1865
–
April 15, 1865 		National Union[n] 1864
Office vacant April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869[h] Andrew Johnson
17 Schuyler Colfax
(1823–1885)
[31] 		March 4, 1869
–
March 4, 1873 		Republican 1868 Ulysses S. Grant
18 Henry Wilson[g]
(1812–1875)
[32] 		March 4, 1873
–
November 22, 1875 		Republican 1872
Office vacant November 22, 1875 – March 4, 1877[h]
19 William A. Wheeler
(1819–1887)
[33] 		March 4, 1877
–
March 4, 1881 		Republican 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes
20 Chester A. Arthur[l]
(1829–1886)
[34][35][36] 		March 4, 1881
–
September 19, 1881 		Republican 1880 James A. Garfield
Office vacant September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1885[h] Chester A. Arthur
21 Thomas A. Hendricks[g]
(1819–1885)
[37] 		March 4, 1885
–
November 25, 1885 		Democratic 1884 Grover Cleveland
Office vacant November 25, 1885 – March 4, 1889[h]
22 Levi P. Morton
(1824–1920)
[38] 		March 4, 1889
–
March 4, 1893 		Republican 1888 Benjamin Harrison
23 Adlai Stevenson I
(1835–1914)
[39] 		March 4, 1893
–
March 4, 1897 		Democratic 1892 Grover Cleveland
24 Garret Hobart[g]
(1844–1899)
[40] 		March 4, 1897
–
November 21, 1899 		Republican 1896 William McKinley
Office vacant November 21, 1899 – March 4, 1901[h]
25 Theodore Roosevelt[l]
(1858–1919)
[41][42][43] 		March 4, 1901
–
September 14, 1901 		Republican 1900
Office vacant September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1905[h] Theodore Roosevelt
26 Charles W. Fairbanks
(1852–1918)
[44] 		March 4, 1905
–
March 4, 1909 		Republican 1904
27 James S. Sherman[g]
(1855–1912)
[45] 		March 4, 1909
–
October 30, 1912 		Republican 1908 William H. Taft
Office vacant October 30, 1912 – March 4, 1913[h]
28 Thomas R. Marshall
(1854–1925)
[46] 		March 4, 1913
–
March 4, 1921 		Democratic 1912 Woodrow Wilson
1916
29 Calvin Coolidge[l]
(1872–1933)
[47][48][49] 		March 4, 1921
–
August 2, 1923 		Republican 1920 Warren G. Harding
Office vacant August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1925[h] Calvin Coolidge
30 Charles G. Dawes
(1865–1951)
[50] 		March 4, 1925
–
March 4, 1929 		Republican 1924
31 Charles Curtis
(1860–1936)
[51] 		March 4, 1929
–
March 4, 1933 		Republican 1928 Herbert Hoover
32 John Nance Garner
(1868–1967)
[52] 		March 4, 1933
–
January 20, 1941 		Democratic 1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt
1936
33 Henry A. Wallace
(1888–1965)
[53] 		January 20, 1941
–
January 20, 1945 		Democratic 1940
34 Harry S. Truman[l]
(1884–1972)
[54][55][56] 		January 20, 1945
–
April 12, 1945 		Democratic 1944
Office vacant April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1949[h] Harry S. Truman
35 Alben W. Barkley
(1877–1956)
[57] 		January 20, 1949
–
January 20, 1953 		Democratic 1948
36 Richard Nixon
(1913–1994)
[58][59][60] 		January 20, 1953
–
January 20, 1961 		Republican 1952 Dwight D. Eisenhower
1956
37 Lyndon B. Johnson[l]
(1908–1973)
[61][62] 		January 20, 1961
–
November 22, 1963 		Democratic 1960 John F. Kennedy
Office vacant November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1965[h] Lyndon B. Johnson
38 Hubert Humphrey
(1911–1978)
[63] 		January 20, 1965
–
January 20, 1969 		Democratic 1964
39 Spiro Agnew[i]
(1918–1996)
[64] 		January 20, 1969
–
October 10, 1973 		Republican 1968 Richard Nixon
1972
Office vacant October 10 – December 6, 1973[o]
40 Gerald Ford[l]
(1913–2006)
[65][66][67] 		December 6, 1973
–
August 9, 1974 		Republican
Office vacant August 9 – December 19, 1974[o] Gerald Ford
41 Nelson Rockefeller
(1908–1979)
[68] 		December 19, 1974
–
January 20, 1977 		Republican
42 Walter Mondale
(1928–2021)
[69] 		January 20, 1977
–
January 20, 1981 		Democratic 1976 Jimmy Carter
43 George H. W. Bush
(1924–2018)
[70][71][72] 		January 20, 1981
–
January 20, 1989 		Republican 1980 Ronald Reagan
1984
44 Dan Quayle
(b. 1947)
[73] 		January 20, 1989
–
January 20, 1993 		Republican 1988 George H. W. Bush
45 Al Gore
(b. 1948)
[74] 		January 20, 1993
–
January 20, 2001 		Democratic 1992 Bill Clinton
1996
46 Dick Cheney
(b. 1941)
[75] 		January 20, 2001
–
January 20, 2009 		Republican 2000 George W. Bush
2004
47 Joe Biden
(b. 1942)
[76] 		January 20, 2009
–
January 20, 2017 		Democratic 2008 Barack Obama
2012
48 Mike Pence
(b. 1959)
[77][78] 		January 20, 2017
–
January 20, 2021 		Republican 2016 Donald Trump
49 Kamala Harris
(b. 1964) 		January 20, 2021
–
Incumbent 		Democratic 2020 Joe Biden

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The U.S. vice presidents are counted according to uninterrupted periods of time served by the same person. For example, John Adams served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first vice president (not the first and second). Likewise, George Clinton is counted as the fourth and John Calhoun as the seventh, even though each one's consecutive terms in office were served under more than one president. Following the resignation of 39th vice president Spiro Agnew, Gerald Ford became the 40th vice president even though he was chosen to serve out the remainder of Agnew's second term. Then, after Ford succeeded to the presidency later in that same term, Nelson Rockefeller became the 41st vice president and served out the remainder of the term.
  2. ^ Reflects the vice president's political party at the start of their vice presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.
  3. ^ Due to logistical delays, John Adams assumed the vice presidency 1 month and 17 days after the March 4, 1789, scheduled start of operations of the new government under the Constitution. As a result, his first term was only 1,413 days long, and was the shortest term for a U.S. vice president who served a full term.
  4. ^ Pro-Administration is a contemporary term for the supporters of the political and economic policies of the Washington administration prior to the formation of the Federalist and Democratic–Republican parties.
  5. ^ George Washington remained unaffiliated with any political faction or party throughout his eight-year presidency. Greatly concerned about the very real capacity of political parties to destroy the fragile unity holding the nation together, he was, and remains, the only U.S. president never to be affiliated with a political party.
  6. ^ The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and resulted in a situation where the persons elected president and vice president belonged to opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Thomas Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Died in office
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, February 10, 1967, an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency could not be filled.
  9. ^ a b Resigned from office
  10. ^ John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the political coalition emerging around Jackson.
  11. ^ Andrew Jackson's supporters from the former Democratic-Republican Party, which had largely collapsed by the mid-1820s, began calling themselves 'Democrat' during his first term in office, thus marking the evolution of Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party into the modern Democratic Party.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i Succeeded to the presidency intra-term.
  13. ^ John Tyler was elected vice president on the Whig Party ticket in 1840. His policy priorities as president soon proved to be opposed to most of the Whig agenda, and he was expelled from the party in September 1841.
  14. ^ When he ran for reelection in 1864, Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan electoral alliance with War Democrats by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate, and running on the National Union Party ticket. Later, while president, Johnson tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union banner. Near the end of his presidency, Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party.
  15. ^ a b The Twenty-fifth Amendment established a process whereby an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency is filled by presidential appointment.

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate)". United States Senate. Retrieved June 10, 2009.
  2. S2CID 146420289
    .
  3. ^ "Biography of John Adams". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  4. History. Archived from the original
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  5. ^ "Life Portrait of John Adams". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  6. ^ "Biography of Thomas Jefferson". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  7. History. Archived from the original
    on March 5, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  8. ^ "Life Portrait of Thomas Jefferson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  9. ^ "Aaron Burr (1801–1805) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  10. ^ "George Clinton (1805–1809) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  11. ^ "Elbridge Gerry (1813–1814) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on October 21, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  12. ^ "Daniel D. Tompkins (1817–1825) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  13. ^ "John C. Calhoun (1825–1829) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  14. ^ "Biography of Martin Van Buren". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  15. History. Archived from the original
    on March 5, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  16. ^ "Life Portrait of Martin Van Buren". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  17. ^ "Richard M. Johnson (1837–1841) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  18. ^ "Biography of John Tyler". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  19. History. Archived from the original
    on March 5, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  20. ^ "Life Portrait of John Tyler". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  21. ^ "George M. Dallas (1845–1849) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  22. ^ "Biography of Millard Fillmore". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  23. History. Archived from the original
    on March 5, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  24. ^ "Life Portrait of Millard Fillmore". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  25. ^ "William R. D. King (1853) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  26. ^ "John C. Breckinridge (1857–1861) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Retrieved September 6, 2016.[permanent dead link]
  27. ^ "Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  28. ^ "Biography of Andrew Johnson". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  29. History. Archived from the original
    on March 5, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  30. ^ "Life Portrait of Andrew Johnson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  31. ^ "Schuyler Colfax (1869–1873) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  32. ^ "Henry Wilson (1873–1875) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  33. ^ "William A. Wheeler (1877–1881) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 11, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  34. ^ "Biography of Chester Arthur". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  35. History. Archived from the original
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  36. ^ "Life Portrait of Chester A. Arthur". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  37. ^ "Thomas A. Hendricks (1885) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  38. ^ "Levi P. Morton – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  39. ^ "Adlai E. Stevenson (1893–1897) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  40. ^ "Garret A. Hobart (1897–1899) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  41. ^ "Biography of Theodore Roosevelt". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  42. History. Archived from the original
    on February 26, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  43. ^ "Life Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  44. ^ "Charles W. Fairbanks – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  45. ^ "James S. Sherman – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  46. ^ "Thomas R. Marshall – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  47. ^ "Biography of Calvin Coolidge". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  48. History. Archived from the original
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  49. ^ "Life Portrait of Calvin Coolidge". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  50. ^ "Charles G. Dawes – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  51. ^ "Charles Curtis – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  52. ^ "John N. Garner (1933–1941) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  53. ^ "Henry A. Wallace (1941–1945) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  54. ^ "Biography of Harry S Truman". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  55. History. Archived from the original
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  56. ^ "Life Portrait of Harry S. Truman". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  57. ^ "Alben W. Barkley – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  58. ^ "Richard M. Nixon". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  59. History. Archived from the original
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  60. ^ "Life Portrait of Richard M. Nixon". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  61. History. Archived from the original
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  62. ^ "Life Portrait of Lyndon B. Johnson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  63. ^ "Hubert H. Humphrey – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  64. ^ "Spiro T. Agnew (1969–1973) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  65. ^ "Biography of Gerald R. Ford". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  66. History. Archived from the original
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  67. ^ "Life Portrait of Gerald R. Ford". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  68. ^ "Nelson A. Rockefeller – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  69. ^ "Walter Mondale – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  70. ^ "Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  71. History
    . Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  72. ^ "Life Portrait of George H.W. Bush". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  73. ^ "J. Danforth Quayle – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  74. ^ "Albert Gore, Jr. – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  75. ^ "Richard B. Cheney – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  76. ^ "Joseph Biden – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  77. ^ Flegenheimer, Matt; Barbaro, Michael (November 9, 2016). "Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment". The New York Times. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
  78. ^ "Vice President Mike Pence". whitehouse.gov. January 20, 2017. Retrieved January 31, 2017.

External links

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