Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition
Formation | September 2015 |
---|---|
Type | Military alliance |
Legal status | Active |
Purpose | Anti-IS |
Headquarters | Damascus, Baghdad |
Region | West Asia |
Membership |
The Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition (RSII coalition),
In October 2015, it was suggested that the Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition may have been devised during the visit by
Background
Russia and Iran
For two and a half decades, the Russian elite were split on Iran. Some, like Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, saw Iran as a bargaining chip in possible deals with the Western world. On the other hand, Eurasianists like political analyst Aleksandr Dugin wanted a Russo-Iranian alliance to counter Western influence.[13]
Syrian Civil War
Syria's civil war started when opposing groups in the country protested against Assad's rule in early 2011, the protests ultimately turning violent and drawing-in regional opponents and supporters of Assad. The war is being conducted between numerous opponents and government parties. More than 250,000 people have been killed and more than 10 million displaced.[7][12] With most opponents, and their western allies, demanding Assad's leaving as a prerequisite for talks, efforts to find a solution have failed thus far. Recently Western countries have said Assad could play some role in a transition.[14] Regarding the transitional period Assad has asserted that it was not western countries' job to decide on Syria's future. He has accused the US and its allies of hypocrisy for their support for insurgents, saying that air raids by Syrian jets, now combined by Russia, have been far more productive than anything performed by the year-long air operations by the US-led coalition.[12] According to Assad the countries involved in US-led coalition, themselves support terrorism, thus they cannot fight terrorism. That is why, he says, several months of fighting against terrorism, has resulted in spreading it.[12]
After 2015
After the
The Russian Air Force has used Iranian airbases for refueling namely the Hamadan Airbase.[19]
Agreement
At the end of September 2015, a joint information center in Baghdad was set up by Iran, Iraq, Russia, and Syria to coordinate their operations against ISIL.[
In an interview with Iranian TV, Assad said that the success of this agreement was vital to save the Middle East from destruction. He said that the year-long air campaign by the US-led coalition had been counterproductive and had helped terrorism to spread and win new recruits, but that the new coalition of Russia, Syria, Iran, and Iraq, could achieve real results.[12]
Iranian role
Other than being a crucial thoroughfare to Hezbollah in
Citing two Lebanese sources, Reuters reported on 1 October 2015 that hundreds of Iranian troops arrived in Syria over the previous 10 days and would soon join Syrian government forces and their Lebanese Hezbollah allies in a major ground offensive backed by Russian airstrikes.[14] Iran has also been training the Popular Mobilization Forces who are fighting ISIS.[5]
See also
- Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war
- Iran–Israel proxy conflict
- Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war
- Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
- Axis of Resistance
References
- ^ "Gen. Soleimani led Russia-Syria-Iran-Iraq-Hezbollah coalition against terrorism: Venezuelan ambassador". Tehran Times. 4 January 2021.
- ^ "Hezbollah joins Russia, Iran, Syria and Iraq in '4+1 Alliance'". Retrieved 9 December 2015.
- ^ Laila Bassam and Tom Perry (6 October 2015). "How Iranian general plotted out Syrian assault in Moscow". Reuters. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
- ^ "Iraq liaises with Syria, Russia and Iran to bomb ISIL". Retrieved 9 December 2015.
- ^ a b c Mullen, Jethro (27 September 2015). "Iraq agrees to share intelligence with Russia, Iran and Syria". CNN. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
- ^ "Iraq, Russia, Iran and Syria coordinate against ISIL". Al Jazeera. 27 September 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
- ^ a b Gordon, Michael (27 September 2015). "Russia Surprises U.S. With Accord on Battling ISIS". New York Times. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
- ^ a b Jay Solomon; Sam Dagher (21 September 2015). "Russia, Iran Seen Coordinating on Defense of Assad Regime in Syria". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ a b c d e f "How Iranian general plotted out Syrian assault in Moscow". Reuters. 6 October 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
- ^ a b "Israeli official: Iran mastermind went to Russia". Business Insider. 10 September 2015.
- ^ a b c "Ъ – Иранский генерал потерялся между Тегераном и Москвой". Kommersant. 14 August 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f "US, allies ask Russia to halt strikes outside IS areas in Syria". Reuters. 3 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ Dmitry Shlapentokh: Russian Elite Image of Iran: From The Late Soviet Era to The Present, Strategic Studies Institute, Carlisle, September 2009.
- ^ a b EVANS AND AL-KHALIDI, SULEIMAN , DOMINIC (4 October 2015). "Assad says Russian air campaign vital to save Middle East". Reuters. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b "МИД России: иранский генерал Сулеймани в Москве не был". Радио Свобода. 14 August 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
- ^ Manal (October 2015). "Syria's ambassador to Russia urges all countries to join Syria and Russia against terrorism". Syrian Arab News Agency.
- ^ Alec Luhn (14 September 2015). "Russia sends artillery and tanks to Syria as part of continued military buildup". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ "Russia says starts humanitarian operation in Syria's Aleppo". Reuters. 28 July 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
- ^ Anne Barnard; Andrew E. Kramer (22 August 2016). "Iran Revokes Russia's Use of Air Base, Saying Moscow 'Betrayed Trust'". New York Times. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
- ^ "Russia's Lavrov says Washington declines deeper military talks on Syria". NEWSru. 14 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ ""Это обидно": Лавров сообщил, что США отказались принять делегацию РФ для обсуждения сирийского кризиса". NEWSru. 14 October 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
- ^ "Russia carries out first air strikes in Syria". Al Jazeera. 30 September 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
- ^ "Iranian troops join ground offensive in Syria". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 5 October 2015.
- ^ Iran boosts support to Syria, telegraph, 21 February 2014
- ^ Moghtader, Michelle (4 April 2014). "Iran does not seek indefinite power for Assad, senior diplomat says". The Daily Star. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
External links
- Iran offers its base to Russia in cooperation against ISIS - minister Archived 23 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Russia Beyond, 20 August 2016.