Smoky quartz
| Smoky quartz | |
|---|---|
hexagonal, Piezoelectric, may be triboluminescent, chiral (hence optically active if not racemic) | |
| References | [2][3][4][5] |
Smoky quartz is a brownish grey, translucent variety of quartz that ranges in clarity from almost complete transparency to an almost-opaque brownish-gray or black crystals.[6] The color of smoky quartz is produced when natural radiation, emitted from the surrounding rock, activates color centers around aluminum impurities within the crystalline quartz. [7]
Varieties
Morion is a very dark brown to black opaque variety. Morion is the German, Danish, Spanish and Polish synonym for smoky quartz.[8] The name is from a misreading of mormorion in Pliny the Elder.[9]
Cairngorm is a variety of smoky quartz found in the
Uses
Smoky quartz is common and was not historically important, but in recent times it has become a popular
Sunglasses, in the form of flat panes of smoky quartz, were used in China in the 12th century.[13]
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 0-582-44210-9
- ISBN 0962209724.
- ^ Quartz. Mindat.org. Retrieved on 2013-03-07.
- ^ Quartz. Webmineral.com. Retrieved on 2013-03-07.
- ISBN 0-471-80580-7.
- ^ "Smoky Quartz: Smoky Quartz mineral information and data".
- ^ "Smoky Quartz: A transparent brown gem & gem material".
- ^ http://www.mindat.org/min-6270.html Morion on Mindat
- ^ New Oxford American Dictionary (2nd ed., 2005), p. 1102.
- ISBN 978-0-11-497326-1.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 952.
- ^ "The Gemstone Smoky Quartz". minerals.net. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
- ^ Joseph Needham, Science & Civilisation in China (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1962), volume IV, part 1, page 121. Needham states that dark glasses were worn by Chinese judges to hide their facial expressions during court proceedings.
- Holden, Edward (1925). "The Cause of Color in Smoky Quartz and Amethyst" in American Mineralogist, vol. 9, pp. 203–252
External links
Media related to Smoky quartz at Wikimedia Commons
Works related to EB1911:Cairngorm at Wikisource- Mineral Galleries - smoky quartz
| Crystalline | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cryptocrystalline | |||||||||
| Amorphous | |||||||||
| Miscellaneous | |||||||||
| Notable varieties |
| ||||||||
 | This article about a specific mineral or mineraloid is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |