Tim Pawlenty
Tim Pawlenty | |
---|---|
39th Governor of Minnesota | |
In office January 6, 2003 – January 3, 2011 | |
Lieutenant | Carol Molnau |
Preceded by | Jesse Ventura |
Succeeded by | Mark Dayton |
Chair of the National Governors Association | |
In office July 23, 2007 – July 14, 2008 | |
Preceded by | Janet Napolitano |
Succeeded by | Ed Rendell |
Majority Leader of the Minnesota House of Representatives | |
In office January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2003 | |
Preceded by | Ted Winter |
Succeeded by | Erik Paulsen |
Member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from the 38B district | |
In office January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 | |
Preceded by | Art Seaberg |
Succeeded by | Lynn Wardlow |
Personal details | |
Born | Timothy James Pawlenty November 27, 1960 Saint Paul, Minnesota, U.S. |
Political party | Republican |
Spouse | |
Children | 2 |
Education | University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (BA, JD) |
Signature | |
Timothy James Pawlenty (
Pawlenty was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and raised in nearby South St. Paul. He graduated from the University of Minnesota, becoming a labor law attorney and the vice president of a software company. In 1992 he was elected to represent District 38B, a district in suburban Dakota County, in the Minnesota House of Representatives. He was reelected four times and was elected majority leader in 1998.
After securing the Republican endorsement, Pawlenty won the three-way 2002 Minnesota gubernatorial election. He campaigned under a conservative platform with a pledge not to raise taxes. Upon entering office, he was faced with fixing Minnesota's large budget deficit. He worked to lower the state's deficit by cutting funds from state programs. To avoid raising taxes, he also instituted "user fees". He was reelected in 2006 by a margin of less than one percent. Although Pawlenty eliminated the budget deficit in his first term, the deficit returned as a result of the Great Recession in 2007. The effectiveness of Pawlenty's economic policy as governor is disputed.[2]
As governor, Pawlenty also reformed Minnesota's education system, passed a concealed carry law, and codified a 24-hour wait period before receiving an abortion.[3] His administration advocated for numerous notable public works projects, including the construction of the Northstar Commuter Rail Line and Target Field. From 2007 to 2008, Pawlenty chaired the National Governors Association.
Pawlenty was rumored to be a contender for both the Republican presidential and vice-presidential nominations in the 2008 presidential election. He went on to co-chair John McCain's unsuccessful 2008 presidential campaign. Pawlenty ran for president in the 2012 Republican presidential primary. His campaign fell short of expectations by failing to gain traction.[4] It lasted from May to August 2011. After withdrawing from the race, Pawlenty became a finalist to join Mitt Romney on the 2012 ticket as the vice presidential candidate.[5] He was not selected, but he served as co-chair of Romney's campaign until his departure two months before the election.[6]
Pawlenty sought a third term as governor of Minnesota in the
As of 2024, Pawlenty is the last Republican to serve as governor of Minnesota.
Early life, education, and early career
Pawlenty was born in
Intending to become a dentist, Pawlenty enrolled in the University of Minnesota, the only one in his family to go beyond high school.[12] But he changed his plans and spent the summers of 1980 and 1982 working as an intern at the office of U.S. Senator David Durenberger.[9] In 1983, he graduated with a B.A. in political science.[13] He received a Juris Doctor from the University of Minnesota Law School in 1986.[14] There, he met his wife, Mary Anderson, whom he married in 1987.[15]
Pawlenty first worked as a labor law attorney at the firm Rider Bennett (formerly Rider, Bennett, Egan & Arundel), where he had interned while a law student.[16] He later became vice president of a software as a service company, Wizmo Inc.[17][18]
Having moved to
Pawlenty entered state politics in
Minnesota House of Representatives
Pawlenty was elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1992, winning 49.1% of the vote in District 38B (suburban Dakota County).[22] In the House, he authored bills instituting term limits for committee chairmen, funding for infant parenting classes, minimum sentences for repeat domestic violence offenders, and community notification for sex offenders. In response to a state budget surplus, he advocated reducing taxes rather than increasing education funding.[23] He was reelected four times and was chosen House Majority Leader when Republicans gained the majority in the State Legislature in 1998.[24]
Governorship
2002 election
In 2002, Pawlenty wanted to run for governor, but party leaders made it clear they favored businessman Brian Sullivan.[10][25] Pawlenty then decided on the U.S. Senate, but abandoned those plans when Vice President Dick Cheney asked him to step aside and allow former St. Paul mayor Norm Coleman to challenge Senator Paul Wellstone without Republican primary opposition.[26] Pawlenty returned to his original ambition and won a hard-fought and narrow race against Sullivan in the Republican primary.[27]
In the general election, Pawlenty faced two strong opponents. His main rival was veteran
2006 reelection
Pawlenty ran for reelection in 2006.[31] Conservatives criticized him on funding issues, in particular two pieces of legislation for stadiums for the Gophers and Minnesota Twins, and bond issues for public transit, including the Northstar commuter rail line.[32]
The race included
State budget
Pawlenty was elected in 2002 on a platform of balancing the state's budget without raising taxes. He emphasized his campaign and first term with the Taxpayers League of Minnesota slogan "no new taxes".[34] His governorship was characterized by a historically low rate of spending growth. According to the Minnesota Management and Budget Department, general-fund expenditures from 2004 to 2011 increased an average of 3.5% per two-year term, compared to an average of 21.1% from 1960 to 2003 (these numbers are not inflation-adjusted).[35][36][37] University of Minnesota political science professor Larry Jacobs said that slowing state spending and opposing tax increases were Pawlenty's signature issues.[38]
In his first year as governor, Pawlenty inherited a projected two-year budget deficit of $4.3 billion, the largest in Minnesota's history.[39] After a contentious budget session with a Democrat-controlled Senate, he signed a package of fee increases, spending reductions, and government reorganization that eliminated the deficit. It reduced the rate of funding increases for state services, including transportation, social services, and welfare, and enacted a perennial proposal to restructure city aid based on immediate need rather than historical factors. Pawlenty agreed to several compromises, abandoning a public employee wage freeze and property tax restrictions.[39]
During his second term, Pawlenty erased a $2.7-billion deficit by cutting spending, shifting payments, and using one-time federal stimulus money.[40] His final budget (2010–11) was the state's first two-year period since 1960 in which net government expenditures decreased. Pawlenty has claimed this as "the first time in 150 years" that spending was cut, but fact-checkers disputed this claim as no public budget records before 1960 are known to exist.[37][41]
Some criticized Pawlenty for providing a short-term budget solution but coming up short in his long-term strategy as governor. The state department of Management and Budget reported that the two-year budget starting in July 2011 was projected to come up $4.4 billion short.
Minnesota Supreme Court case
While Pawlenty said he was "confident" in his right to use unallotment, the Minnesota Supreme Court ruled against him, 4 to 3, in a May 2010 decision.[46] His budget had been the subject of a lawsuit in Ramsey County District Court, which was decided against him. Judge Kathleen Gearin ruled that Pawlenty had exceeded his constitutional authority in making unilateral spending cuts to a $5.3-million special dietary program that he had unalloted.[47][48] Attorney David Lillehaug said initially, "This is, I don't think it's understating this to say, this is one of the most important court cases in Minnesota legal history."[49] Pawlenty announced the following day that he would appeal;[50] he filed his brief in February,[51] and arguments were heard on March 15.[52][53] In May, the Supreme Court affirmed Gearin's ruling, writing, "Because the legislative and executive branches never enacted a balanced budget for the 2010–2011 biennium, use of the unallotment power to address the unresolved deficit exceeded the authority granted to the executive branch by the statute."[54] Pawlenty responded:[55]
I will fight to reduce spending and taxes in Minnesota and that battle continues. My commitment to the people of Minnesota remains the same: we will balance the budget without raising taxes.
After the ruling, as the 2010 legislative session drew to a close, Pawlenty vetoed a budget that would have fixed a $2.9-billion deficit by adding a new tax bracket for six-figure incomes. In response to the proposal, he criticized Democrats for attempting to raise taxes during an extremely difficult economic situation.
Funding projects
Since the Minnesota Constitution prohibits state-run gambling outside of Native territory, Pawlenty proposed negotiating with Minnesota's 11 tribes over profit-sharing of their casinos.[58] Legislators also pushed a proposal to turn Canterbury Park horse track into a racino.[59] The plan was poorly received by Northern Tribes who would operate part of the racino, citing reluctance to compete with other tribes.[60] Tribes with casinos opposed the expanded gambling and some legislators objected on moral grounds that the state shouldn't exploit problem gamblers. Politicians in heavy tribal areas feared losing campaign-finance sources if they supported the plan.[61][62] Delays by the Legislature ended with the bill being pulled from committee.[63] Tribes spent millions lobbying legislatures in 2004.[64]
Pawlenty worked throughout 2006 to fund a Minnesota Twins baseball stadium in Minneapolis.
In June 2006, Pawlenty signed a $999.9-million public works bill that included funding for additional work on the
In 2011, Pawlenty shut down an
Education
In the budget process, Pawlenty made an effort to preserve education funding while cutting other government spending. In 2009, he bolstered education funding with federal stimulus grants. Despite this, education funding fell from $9,700 to $8,400 per student (adjusted for inflation) during his tenure.
Pawlenty oversaw the repeal of the Profile of Learning
In June 2006, Pawlenty proposed the ACHIEVE program for the top 25% of high school graduates.[80] The program would pay for tuition for the first 2 years (4 years for selected fields such as science, technology, engineering and math) and would cost the state an estimated $112 million per 2-year cycle. The program was not included in the 2007 higher education bill.[81]
Pawlenty used an accounting change called a tax shift to balance the state deficit without raising taxes. School districts statewide unexpectedly lost $58 million in interest and reserve revenue.[82]
In 2010, Pawlenty vetoed a bill that the legislature had passed 110 to 20 (HF 3164), calling for Minnesota State Colleges & Universities (MnSCU) to revamp its credit-transferring system within five years to fix "minimal loss of credits for transferring students" who had been losing between 10 and 30 percent of their credits.[83] Pawlenty found it "unnecessary" because MnSCU was fixing its system already "through internal actions and policy changes".[83]
Transportation
During Pawlenty's first term, urban traffic congestion was a significant concern of voters. He appointed his lieutenant governor,
Pawlenty favored raising fees and imposing toll lanes on roads as the primary means of discouraging excessive traffic. During his term, the
Pawlenty had opposed the Northstar Commuter Rail as a legislator, but changed his position in 2004, announcing a funding plan to jump-start the project, when the Bush administration determined the rail line was deemed cost-effective and time-saving for commuters.[88]
In April 2008, during the budget bonding bill signing, Pawlenty used his line-item veto on $70 million for building the
There were Republican state legislators who supported other cuts of the bonding bill, including Doug Magnus, the ranking Republican on the House Transportation Finance Division, who praised Pawlenty's "fiscal responsibility".[93] Critics, including Saint Paul Mayor Chris Coleman, called Pawlenty's veto "political gamesmanship", seeing it as retribution for the legislature's override of Pawlenty's veto of a transportation bonding bill.[90] They noted that cuts overwhelmingly targeted Democratic districts, and Democratic stronghold Saint Paul most heavily.[94][95]
Crime
Crime in Minnesota was a high-profile political issue during Pawlenty's governorship. When crime rates in Minneapolis spiked up 16% from 2004 to 2005, city officials blamed Pawlenty for large cuts to state aid, which they said restricted public safety resources. He in turn criticized the city for poorly allocating its funding.[96]
Pawlenty made two large efforts to expand penalties for
Early in 2006, after issuing a study that estimated the cost of illegal immigration to the state as approximately $188 million, Pawlenty announced a program for changing the way the state dealt with persons who were in the United States illegally. Pawlenty said that the economic benefits of illegal immigration did not justify the illegal behavior.[99] Pawlenty's extensive proposal included the designation of 10 state law enforcement officials as the Minnesota Illegal Immigration Enforcement Team, "trained to question, detain and arrest suspected illegal immigrants" with a focus on "such crimes as human trafficking, identity theft, methamphetamine distribution and terrorism". He rounded out his proposal with tougher penalties for false identification and instituting a fine of up to $5,000 for employers of illegal immigrants. His proposal was challenged by DFL senators who preferred increased legal immigration to punitive action.[100]
Energy policy
Minnesota has mandated a 10% mixture of
In 2007, Governor Pawlenty signed the Next Generation Energy Act of 2007 into law and, along with six other Midwestern governors, the
Health
In 2004, Minnesota's Star Tribune newspaper opined that the credibility of Pawlenty's commissioner of health, Dianne Mandernach, suffered when a website posting by the department suggested that abortion might have a role in breast cancer. She also angered many when it was learned she had delayed releasing government research on cancer in miners. In 2007, Mandernach resigned.[105]
In 2005, Pawlenty asked a U.S. Senate subcommittee to allow his MinnesotaCare health plan to expand and continue allowing state residents and employees to import cheaper Canadian prescription drugs.[106]
In 2007, Pawlenty signed into law the 2007 Omnibus Health and Human Services Appropriations Bill, which provided funding for the Health Care Transformation Task Force, a panel of health care experts charged with exploring ways to reduce health care spending, improve quality, and ensure that Minnesota develops a universal health care plan by 2011.[107]
Later in his tenure he used health care funding cuts as a mechanism to balance the state budget. After years of assuring doctors that the state "sick tax" would be used only to fund health welfare programs, in 2009 Pawlenty recommended a 3% cut in physician reimbursements from the state and asked that the sick tax be put instead into the state's general budget.[108] Pawlenty used a line-item veto to remove $381 million from health and human services funding, a removal which could lead to 35,000 Minnesotans' losing their General Assistance Medical Care (GAMC) health insurance in 2011.[109] Hennepin County Medical Center—the largest provider of health care to Minnesota's poor and uninsured—closed two clinics, reduced its staff and reduced access to non-emergency services.[110] State Senator Linda Berglin wrote a bill that would extend GAMC funding.[111]
In 2010, he refused federal health care funds including more than $1 billion to expand the number of Minnesotans covered by Medicaid, $68 million for a high-risk insurance pool, $1 million to help set up an insurance exchange where consumers could shop for health coverage, and $850,000 for teenage pregnancy prevention. Pawlenty accepted a $500,000 abstinence-only sex-education grant that would require $350,000 in matching state money. Pawlenty said, "It doesn't say we have to apply for all of them."[112]
Foreign relations
Pawlenty's first term coincided with the deployment of National Guardsmen from numerous states, connected with the
Pawlenty was visited in 2004 by
Pawlenty took a delegation of nearly 200 Minnesotan business, government, academic and civic leaders on a weeklong trip to China in mid-November 2005. The stated objectives were to provide a forum for companies to acquire market information, assess market potential, evaluate market entry strategies and identify potential business partners, as well as to promote Chinese investment in Minnesota.[116] Pawlenty also led Minnesota trade delegations to Canada in 2003,[117] Poland and the Czech Republic in 2004,[118] India in 2007,[117] and Israel in 2008.[113]
Other activities
Throughout his eight-year tenure, Pawlenty hosted a weekly one-hour radio show on
Beginning in 2005, Pawlenty was rumored in the press as a potential candidate for president of the United States.[122][123][124] When formally announcing his candidacy for a second term as Governor of Minnesota on May 31, 2006, Pawlenty said, "As to my future, if I run for governor and win, I will serve out my term for four years as governor."[125][126][127] On January 15, 2007, after being reelected, Pawlenty said, "I am committed to serving out my term as governor. That's what I am going to do."[128]
In 2007, it was announced that Pawlenty would be serving in a lead role for McCain as a national co-chair of his
For many weeks, Pawlenty was widely considered to be a leading candidate for the vice-presidential nomination on the Republican ticket with
In 2008, Pawlenty expressed support for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). But in 2010, he claimed that he had made those statements solely as a surrogate for presidential nominee McCain and never actually supported the idea himself.[136] On May 23, 2011, Pawlenty formally announced he'd run for the Republican presidential nomination, saying, "politicians are often afraid that if they're too honest, they might lose an election. I'm afraid that in 2012, if we're not honest enough, we may lose our country."
2018 reelection
In February 2018, Pawlenty began considering running for election for a third term as Governor of Minnesota in 2018, and started meeting with Republican donors and advisors.[137][138] Pawlenty announced his candidacy on April 5, 2018.[139] He eventually lost the primary to Jeff Johnson, the Hennepin County Commissioner. Pawlenty's campaign was affected by disparaging statements he made about then presidential candidate Donald Trump. Although Pawlenty eventually declared his support for Trump before running for governor, he said after his defeat that the "Republican party has shifted" and that he was not a "Trump-like politician" in the "era of Trump". He said he was ending his career in politics.[140]
2012 presidential campaign
Early steps
In February 2005,
In late 2009, Pawlenty began taking steps that many saw as leading to a 2012 presidential bid.
Book tour and political positions
Pawlenty went on tour for his book Courage to Stand, and as of January 18,[
In December 2010, Pawlenty was one of three U.S. governors who publicly declared solidarity with the Christian-right group Family Research Council.[154]
Pawlenty's tour was in Minneapolis, San Francisco and Dallas, and it ended January in Iowa where the Iowa Caucuses were scheduled for February 6, 2012. "That will come up fast," he said, "if I do run." In Minneapolis, speaking to Pat Kessler of WCCO-TV who asked about his feelings regarding a potential run for president by Representative Michele Bachmann, "I have a lot of respect for Michele Bachmann … Whether she runs or not, it's gonna be a big field. There's gonna be five, six, seven, eight people running … Whoever wants to run can run. The more, the merrier."[151]
In a December 2010 column in The Wall Street Journal, Pawlenty argued in favor of the historical benefits of "private sector"
Candidacy
On March 21, 2011, Pawlenty announced via Facebook that he had formed an exploratory committee in preparation for a potential run for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination.[156][157]
On April 12, 2011, Pawlenty said on
On May 23, 2011, Pawlenty launched his candidacy for president in a speech in Iowa stating: "I'm going to try something a little unusual in politics. I'm just going to tell the truth."[160][161] A YouTube video[162] appeared a day before.[163] The Wall Street Journal wrote of his candidacy, and the luck he experienced in the GOP's field, that Pawlenty has a "golden chance to become the chief rival to... Mitt Romney".[164]
Pawlenty finished third in the
Financial Services Roundtable
On September 20, 2012, Pawlenty's advisor Brian McClung announced to Associated Press that Pawlenty would resign as the co-chairman of Mitt Romney's electoral campaign. He was to head the
In November 2012, Pawlenty said that "Republicans and Democrats will have to reconcile their differences on spending and taxes because the 'walls of reality are closing in on them'" relative to the federal government's looming
Personal life
Pawlenty and his wife Mary have two daughters, Anna and Mara. Mary was appointed as a judge of the Dakota County District Court in
Pawlenty was raised a
Pawlenty frequently uses (and is called by) the
Public image
Political views
Pawlenty is generally considered a conservative on the
Pawlenty voted for President
Approval ratings
In April 2009, 46% of Minnesotans approved of Pawlenty, while 40% disapproved.[186] Among registered Republicans nationwide in July 2009, 38% had a favorable view of him while 33% didn't, according to a Rasmussen Reports survey.[187] In March 2010, 42% of Minnesotans approved of Pawlenty, while 52% disapproved.[188]
In October 2010, a Rasmussen report showed that Pawlenty had a 49% approval rating among Minnesotans, with 49% disapproving.
Electoral history
Year | Republican | DFL | Constitution
|
Total | Source | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Votes | % | Name | Votes | % | Name | Votes | % | |||
1992 | Tim Pawlenty | 9,610 | 49.1% | Linda Rother | 8,773 | 44.8% | James Russell McMahon | 253 | 1.3% | 19,583 | [22] |
1994 | Tim Pawlenty | 12,172 | 81.0% | None | None | 15,022 | [193] | ||||
1996 | Tim Pawlenty | 14,747 | 74.4% | None | None | 19,822 | [194] | ||||
1998 | Tim Pawlenty | 9,118 | 48.5% | Leo Brisbois | 7,819 | 41.6% | None | 18,809 | [195] | ||
2000 | Tim Pawlenty | 13,779 | 59.6% | Gary Moore | 7,239 | 31.3% | None | 23,100 | [196] |
Year | Republican | DFL | Independence
|
Green | Total | Source | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Votes | % | Name | Votes | % | Name | Votes | % | Name | Votes | % | |||
2002
|
Tim Pawlenty | 999,473 | 43.8% | Roger Moe | 821,268 | 36.0% | Tim Penny | 364,534 | 16.0% | Ken Pentel | 50,589 | 2.2% | 2,282,860 | [30] |
2006
|
Tim Pawlenty | 1,028,568 | 46.4% | Mike Hatch | 1,007,460 | 45.4% | Peter Hutchinson | 141,735 | 6.4% | Ken Pentel | 10,800 | 0.5% | 2,217,818 | [197] |
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External links
- Tim Pawlenty at Curlie
- Tim Pawlenty at Minnesota Legislators Past & Present
- Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
- Profile at Vote Smart
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Campaign contributions Archived February 18, 2012, at the Wayback Machine at Follow the Money (U.S. House)
- Campaign 2002 – Minnesota Governor Minnesota Public Radio
- Campaign 2006 – Tim Pawlenty Minnesota Public Radio