Tourism in Singapore
Tourism in Singapore is a major industry and contributor to the Singaporean economy. In 2019, 19,114,002 tourists visited the country, which was the highest recorded number of arrivals since independence in 1965.[1] As of 2023, as tourist arrivals recovers from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were a total of 13,610,404 international tourists that have visited Singapore, which was more than twice the country's total population.[2]
The country is marketed as a "City In Nature" destination by the Singapore Tourism Board under its 'Made in Singapore' campaign in 2023, with
The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2017 ranks Singapore 13th out of 136 countries overall, which was the third best in Asia only behind Japan (ranked 4th) and Hong Kong (ranked 11th). The report ranks Singapore's business environment, international openness, also travel and tourism policy and enabling conditions as the best in the world (ranked 1st). However, the island nation scored rather low in natural and cultural resources sub-index (ranked 40th).[5][6]
History
In January 1964, the Singapore Tourism Board (then known as Singapore Tourist Promotion Board), was set up to market Singapore, then a state of Malaysia, as a destination for tourists, to develop and to regulate the tourism industry.[7][8][9] The Government of Singapore had aimed to create more jobs, income and to facilitate trade within Singapore, through the development of the tourism industry.[10] Throughout the 1960s to 70s, the tourism board ran multiple advertising campaigns aimed at drawing visitors from different countries and published monthly newsletters to promote multiple attractions in Singapore.[11][12] The Merlion was also created as the Singapore Tourism Board's logo in 1964 and was used in promotional materials. [13] The Merlion eventually became a well-known Singaporean icon and in 1972, a Merlion statue was erected in the Merlion Park.[14] In 1977, there was a record of 1.5 million visitors to the country and tourist receipts were estimated to be S$628 million as compared to 522,000 visitors and S$269 million in tourist expenditure in 1970.[15]
Throughout the 1980s to 1990s, the tourism board aimed to market the
Tourism statistics
Visitor arrivals to Singapore has been increasing since the country's independence in 1965.[2] As compared to a total of 99,000 visitors recorded in 1965, Singapore attracted approximately 19.1 million visitors in 2019 with receipts at S$27.7 billion, according to preliminary figures by the Singapore Tourism Board.[1][24] The total number of visitors increased by 3.3% from 2018, with increased in arrivals in visitors from China, Indonesia and Australia, while visitors from India and Malaysia dropped 2% and 3% respectively.[1] Tourism receipts increased 2.8% from 2018, with most visitors spending in the sightseeing, entertainment and gaming (S$1,593 million), shopping (S$1.457 million), accommodation (S$1.439 million) and food & beverage (S$649 million) categories.[1]
In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, visitor statistics in Singapore fell 85.7% and tourism receipts fell 82.6% (S$4.8 million) from 2019.[25] A total of 2,700,000 visitors were recorded that year, which was the first time visitor statistics fell since the decrease in arrivals in 2014.[25] Visitors coming into Singapore for short-term visits were also barred from entering and transiting from March 23, 2020 to October 19, 2021.[26]
In 2021, visitors arrivals further dipped to 330,059 visitors, which was a 88% decrease as compared to 2020.[27][28] In December 2021, amid the spread of the highly transmissible COVID-19 Omicron variant, many countries still had travel restrictions, with some governments banning travel completely to curb transmission.[29][30] Travel into Singapore for short-term visits were only resumed in September 2021 with the introduction of vaccinated travel lanes.[31]
General trends
Year | Tourism Arrivals | [2] Percentage change from previous period |
---|---|---|
1965 | 99,000 | |
1970 | 579,000 | 488.1% |
1975 | 1,324,000 | 128.6% |
1980 | 2,562,000 | 92% |
1985 | 3,031,000 | 18.3% |
1990 | 5,323,000 | 75.6% |
1995 | 7,137,000 | 34.1% |
2000 | 7,691,399 | 7.8% |
2005 | 8,943,029 | 16.3% |
2010 | 11,638,663 | 30.1% |
2015 | 15,231,469 | 30.9% |
2020 | 2,742,443 | −82% |
Recent years
Year | Tourism Arrivals | [2][1][25] Percentage change from previous year |
---|---|---|
2010 | 11,641,700 | 20.2% |
2011 | 13,171,303 | 13.1% |
2012 | 14,496,091 | 10.1% |
2013 | 15,567,923 | 7.4% |
2014 | 15,095,152 | −3% |
2015 | 15,231,469 | 0.9% |
2016 | 16,402,593 | 7.7% |
2017 | 17,422,826 | 6.2% |
2018 | 18,506,619 | 6.2% |
2019 | 19,114,002 | 3.3% |
2020 | 2,742,443 | −85.7% |
2021 | 330,059 | −88% |
2022 | 6,305,744 | 1,810% |
2023 | 13,610,404 | 115.8% |
Top markets 2000–2010
Source: Singapore Tourism Analytics Network[27]
Country or territory | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indonesia | 1,313,316 | 1,364,380 | 1,393,020 | 1,341,747 | 1,765,324 | 1,813,569 | 1,922,217 | 1,962,055 | 1,765,429 | 1,745,330 | 2,305,149 |
China | 434,336 | 497,398 | 670,099 | 568,510 | 880,259 | 857,814 | 1,037,201 | 1,113,956 | 1,078,742 | 936,747 | 1,171,337 |
Malaysia[32] | 564,750 | 578,719 | 548,659 | 439,437 | 537,336 | 577,987 | 634,303 | 645,774 | 647,480 | 764,309 | 1,036,918 |
Australia | 510,347 | 550,681 | 538,408 | 392,906 | 561,163 | 620,255 | 691,632 | 768,490 | 833,156 | 830,299 | 880,486 |
India | 346,360 | 339,828 | 375,697 | 309,487 | 471,244 | 583,590 | 658,902 | 748,728 | 778,303 | 725,624 | 828,903 |
Japan | 929,895 | 755,766 | 723,431 | 434,087 | 598,840 | 588,535 | 594,406 | 594,514 | 571,040 | 489,987 | 528,817 |
Philippines | 181,032 | 190,630 | 195,564 | 176,585 | 245,918 | 319,971 | 386,119 | 418,775 | 418,938 | 432,072 | 544,344 |
Hong Kong | 285,975 | 276,157 | 265,970 | 226,260 | 271,691 | 313,831 | 291,474 | 302,110 | 278,115 | 294,420 | 387,552 |
Thailand | 246,750 | 260,958 | 263,866 | 235,826 | 341,989 | 379,040 | 356,367 | 353,416 | 333,905 | 317,905 | 430,022 |
United States | 385,585 | 343,805 | 327,648 | 250,678 | 333,156 | 371,440 | 399,786 | 408,885 | 396,631 | 370,704 | 416,990 |
South Korea | 354,353 | 359,083 | 371,050 | 261,403 | 361,083 | 364,206 | 454,722 | 464,292 | 423,018 | 271,987 | 360,673 |
United Kingdom | 444,976 | 460,018 | 458,528 | 387,982 | 457,262 | 467,154 | 488,167 | 495,693 | 492,933 | 469,756 | 461,714 |
Vietnam | 31,837 | 34,633 | 40,652 | 44,420 | 105,803 | 150,626 | 165,105 | 203,210 | 239,299 | 265,414 | 322,853 |
Taiwan | 290,904 | 222,087 | 209,321 | 144,942 | 182,443 | 213,959 | 219,463 | 208,156 | 175,924 | 156,761 | 191,173 |
Germany | 169,408 | 166,981 | 157,510 | 121,376 | 142,371 | 154,779 | 161,125 | 164,900 | 175,280 | 183,681 | 209,231 |
Top markets 2011–2020
Source: Singapore Tourism Analytics Network,[27] Singapore Tourism Board [1] [25]
Country or territory | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indonesia | 2,592,222 | 2,837,537 | 3,088,859 | 3,025,178 | 2,731,690 | 2,893,614 | 2,954,384 | 3,021,429 | 3,109,000 | 457,027 |
China | 1,577,522 | 2,034,177 | 2,269,870 | 1,722,380 | 2,106,164 | 2,863,582 | 3,226,929 | 3,416,475 | 3,627,000 | 357,292 |
Australia | 956,039 | 1,050,373 | 1,125,179 | 1,074,878 | 1,043,568 | 1,027,309 | 1,081,987 | 1,107,215 | 1,143,000 | 206,238 |
India | 868,991 | 894,993 | 933,553 | 943,636 | 1,013,986 | 1,097,186 | 1,272,069 | 1,442,242 | 1,418,000 | 175,522 |
Malaysia | 1,140,935 | 1,231,686 | 1,280,942 | 1,233,035 | 1,171,077 | 1,151,480 | 1,168,356 | 1,253,992 | 1,221,000 | 153,650 |
United Kingdom | 442,611 | 446,497 | 461,459 | 451,931 | 473,810 | 489,205 | 518,903 | 588,863 | 607,000 | 133,336 |
Japan | 656,417 | 757,116 | 832,845 | 824,741 | 789,179 | 783,721 | 792,813 | 829,664 | 884,000 | 125,879 |
United States | 440,576 | 477,213 | 491,946 | 484,912 | 499,509 | 516,276 | 565,250 | 643,162 | 729,000 | 123,182 |
Philippines | 677,723 | 656,804 | 687,794 | 676,481 | 673,374 | 691,555 | 736,456 | 778,135 | 829,000 | 97,881 |
Germany | 219,952 | 252,433 | 251,560 | 263,513 | 286,732 | 328,762 | 342,336 | 356,797 | 381,000 | 95,563 |
South Korea | 414,879 | 445,184 | 471,768 | 536,975 | 577,082 | 566,503 | 631,359 | 629,451 | 646,000 | 89,522 |
Vietnam | 332,231 | 366,234 | 380,495 | 424,408 | 418,266 | 469,409 | 531,359 | 591,600 | 592,000 | 74,424 |
Thailand | 472,708 | 477,654 | 497,409 | 506,509 | 516,409 | 546,384 | 531,307 | 545,601 | 528,000 | 63,622 |
Taiwan | 238,488 | 282,203 | 350,308 | 337,431 | 378,026 | 394,174 | 395,549 | 422,935 | 429,000 | 61,887 |
Hong Kong | 464,375 | 472,167 | 539,810 | 631,029 | 609,888 | 537,964 | 465,769 | 473,113 | 489,000 | 58,976 |
Top markets 2021–present
Source: Singapore Tourism Analytics Network[33]
Country or territory | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 4/2024 |
---|---|---|---|---|
China | 88,250 | 130,870 | 1,128,440 | 1,006,332 |
Indonesia | 33,460 | 1,104,160 | 1,872,030 | 908,657 |
Malaysia | 24,220 | 590,960 | 891,890 | 420,034 |
Australia | 10,050 | 565,680 | 884,270 | 392,162 |
India | 54,380 | 686,470 | 887,260 | 352,079 |
United Kingdom |
8,550 |
226,740 | 384,060 | 260,238 |
Philippines | 11,490 | 381,990 | 568,380 | 255,550 |
United States | 10,960 | 318,450 | 516,040 | 242,294 |
South Korea | 7,130 | 217,530 | 488,370 | 227,828 |
Germany | 5,410 | 130,590 | 249,770 | 180,695 |
Japan | 5,920 | 132,110 | 359,050 | 170,365 |
Thailand | 4,380 | 283,430 | 393,210 | 146,814 |
Taiwan | 3,410 | 65,050 | 289,980 | 144,831 |
Vietnam | 3,440 | 312,710 | 406,410 | 123,874 |
Hong Kong | 5,430 | 129,050 | 267,910 | 112,165 |
France | 4,210 | 86,090 | 142,140 | 61,873 |
Myanmar | 10,020 | 85,290 | 100,550 | 54,356 |
Canada | 1,690 | 55,020 | 102,970 | 50,699 |
New Zealand | 595 | 57,080 | 115,910 | 44,819 |
Bangladesh | 17,900 | 102,990 | 98,730 | 39,444 |
Switzerland | 1,320 | 36,290 | 62,050 | 32,236 |
Netherlands | 1,960 | 51,180 | 76,600 | 29,417 |
United Arab Emirates | 940 | 42,970 | 66,100 | 27,569 |
Russia | 388 | 9,800 | 46,460 | 27,442 |
Italy | 1,230 | 33,120 | 63,710 | 21,128 |
Sri Lanka | 1,470 | 35,520 | 44,260 | 20,348 |
Brunei | 1,250 | 31,640 | 47,580 | 19,420 |
Spain | 777 | 30,460 | 49,640 | 16,621 |
Sweden | 545 | 13,500 | 21,330 | 11,924 |
Finland | 355 | 9,780 | 15,580 | 11,770 |
Denmark | 730 | 16,410 | 23,590 | 11,730 |
South Africa | 159 | 13,020 | 19,910 | 9,596 |
Norway | 425 | 12,690 | 20,270 | 9,062 |
Saudi Arabia | 196 | 7,170 | 18,620 | 6,859 |
Pakistan | 195 | 10,560 | 14,690 | 4,817 |
Israel | 704 | 11,940 | 14,040 | 5,171 |
Iran | 54 | 1,370 | 4,910 | 3,526 |
Kuwait | 38 | 3,650 | 7,470 | 1,960 |
Mauritius | 35 | 2,410 | 4,010 | 1,768 |
Egypt | 94 | 1,640 | 6,320 | 827 |
Challenges to the tourism industry
Tourism impact of COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021)
In early 2020, COVID-19 pandemic has affected the numbers of foreign visitors across the country. In February 2020, Indonesia raised its travel alert for Singapore to level yellow, urging Indonesian citizens to take extra precautions when they visit the city-state.[34] Indonesia is among the top source of foreign visitors to Singapore. It is predicted that the number of visitors could fall between 25 and 30 per cent from the 2019 figure.[24]
On 16 September 2020, Trade and Industry Minister Chan Chun Sing has announced that all adult Singaporeans will get $100 tourism vouchers, accessible digitally via Singpass, to be used from December 2020 to June 2021. The $320 million SingapoRediscovers Vouchers scheme is part of the government's effort to prop up the tourism sector, which has been decimated by travel restrictions amidst COVID-19 pandemic.[35]
In April 2022 same day as the
Popular tourist destinations
The
The tourist island of Sentosa, which attracted 19 million visitors in 2011, is located in the south of Singapore, consists of about 20–30 landmarks, such as Fort Siloso, which was built as a fortress to defend against the Japanese during World War II. Guns from the World War II era can be seen at Fort Siloso, from a mini-sized to a 16 pound (7 kg) gun. Moreover, the island has built the Tiger Sky Tower, which allows visitors to view the whole of Sentosa, as well as the Sentosa Luge, a small one- or two-person sled on which one sleighs supine and feet-first. Steering is done by shifting the weight or pulling straps attached to the sled's runners.
Among the latest tourists attractions built in Singapore includes the two
Shopping
There are various shopping belts in Singapore,
Singapore seeks to be the business hub of
Island resorts
Cultural and historical landmarks
A former British colony, Singapore has various historical and cultural landmarks with British and regional influences in its architecture. Such cultural landmarks include the
Singapore has four major museums depicting the art and history of the country and of the region. The
City sight-seeing
Sightseeing Bus fleet
Historically, their fleet was made up of second-hand step-entrance double deckers in 2001–2004 for the City Sightseeing/Singapore Ducktours operation in Singapore, but new open-top buses were used beginning January 2006. Electronic destination displays (which uses Mobitec MobiLED in larger font) were added in January 2006 to replace roller-blinds in stages. As of 2023[update], Big Bus Tours has Volvo B9TL/Optare Visionaire or MCV DD103, Dennis Trident 2/East Lancs Lolyne, DAF DB250LF/Plaxton President and Ayats Integral buses, where they will progressively be replaced by Volvo BZL/MCV EvoSeti double decker buses as part of the Singapore Green Plan 2030. City Sightseeing and Gray Line Tours uses Alexander Dennis Enviro400 buses.
Sightseeing Bus Routes
Route Number & Colour | Route Name | Places served | Duration of service (approx.) | Other notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
670 | The Loop Line | ITE College East, Bugis MRT station, North Bridge Commercial Complex, City Hall, Boat Quay, Chinatown, Clarke Quay, Liang Court, Hotel Miramar, Zion Food Centre, Botanic Gardens, Orchard Road, City Hall, Suntec City | 62 minutes | — |
H1 Green |
Tampines City Route | Tampines Primary and Secondary Schools, Changi General Hospital, ITE College East, Stratford Court, Bedok Mall, Ping Yi, Arc @ Tampines, Temasek Polytechnic | 45 minutes | |
H2 Blue |
Tampines Metropolis Route | Tampines Primary and Secondary Schools, Ashford Station, Changi General Hospital, ITE College East, Parc Lumiere, Tampines East CC, Tampines JC, Tampines Central CC | ||
H3 Red |
Tampines Original | Tampines Primary and Secondary Schools, Centrale 8, Tampines Central, IKEA Tampines, Tampines Central CC, Tampines City Hub | 35 minutes | |
H4 Brown |
Tampines Original | Tampines Primary and Secondary Schools, East View Secondary School, Tampines East MRT station, Flora Road, Pasir Ris | 52 minutes | |
T1 Yellow |
Yellow Route (Big Bus Tours) | Suntec City, Singapore Flyer, Marina Bay Sands, Gardens by the Bay, River Valley, Hotel Miramar, Zion Food Centre, Orchard, Bras Basah | 35 minutes | |
T2 Red |
Red Route (Big Bus Tours) | Suntec City, Bugis, Little India, Kampong Glam, Chinatown | 40 minutes | Two-way service |
T3 Red |
City Hopper (Gray Line) | Marina Square, Esplanade, Chinatown, Clarke Quay, Orchard Road | 40–45 minutes | |
T4 Green |
Marina Sightseeing (Gray Line) | Marina Bay Sands, Gardens by the Bay, Chinatown, Clarke Quay | 40 minutes | — |
T10 Pink |
NTU-Lien Ying Chow Tour | Suntec City, AYE, National University of Singapore, Clementi, Jurong East (Jurong Gateway), AYE, Jurong Point, Pioneer MRT station, Nanyang Technological University | 110 minutes |
Boat fleet
- 5 Condiesel LARC V (Originally from Singapore Armed Forces, withdrawn in 2000 and converted in 2002. Progressively withdrawn from June 2022 after introduction of electric LARC-EV).
- 2 Condiesel LARC-EV (Built in January 2022)
Nature sight-seeing
Singapore has a variety of parks and projects which often feature its natural tropical environment.
Singapore has four zoos, namely, the Singapore Zoo, Night Safari, Bird Paradise and River Wonders. The Singapore Zoo displays animals in 'open' naturalistic, spacious, landscaped enclosures separated from the visitors by hidden barriers, moats, and glass, with various shows and events occurring throughout the day to allow visitors to interact with the animals.[42] Night Safari is the world's first nocturnal zoo, set in a humid tropical forest that is only open at night, it is divided into seven geographical zones, which can be explored either on foot via four walking trails, or by tram. Bird Paradise is the largest bird park in Asia with extensive specimens of exotic bird life from around the world, including a flock of one thousand flamingos. River Wonders features a tropical rainforest setting[43] and features 10 different ecosystems around the world, with 5000 animals of 300 species. Among the main attractions in the River Wonders is a pair of male and female giant pandas – Kai Kai (凯凯) and Jia Jia (嘉嘉)[44] – which are housed in a specially constructed climate-controlled enclosure which change throughout the four seasons emulating their original environment.[45]
Among the various gardens and parks located in the country, Singapore's
Singapore also has two ASEAN Heritage Parks, which are the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, an extensive nature reserve which covers much of the Bukit Timah Hill, and is the only remaining place where primary rainforest still exists on the island,[52] and the Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, which is known for its high variety of bird species, crabs, mudskippers and flora and fauna.[53][54]
Pulau Ubin, is an offshore island situated in the north-eastern island group, is one of the last rural areas to be found in Singapore, where the last of undeveloped kampongs (villages) and wooden jetties, abandoned quarries and plantations, with an abundance of natural flora and fauna. The island forms part of the Ubin–Khatib Important Bird Area (IBA), identified as such by BirdLife International because it supports significant numbers of visiting and resident birds, some of which are threatened.[55] One of the more popular spots on the island is, Chek Jawa, a previous coral reef 5000 years ago, where several ecosystems can be observed in one area.[56]
Dining
This section needs additional citations for verification. (September 2021) |
The cuisine of Singapore is often viewed by its population as a prime example of the ethnic diversity of the culture of Singapore. In Singapore's hawker centres – a technical misnomer, to be precise – for example, traditionally Malay hawker stalls selling halal food may serve halal versions of traditionally Tamil or Chinese food. Chinese stalls may introduce Malay or Indian ingredients, cooking techniques or entire dishes into their range of catering. Some dishes introduce elements from all three cultures, while others incorporate influences from the rest of Asia and the West.
This phenomenon makes the cuisine of Singapore significantly rich and a cultural attraction. Much prepared food is available in the hawker centres or food courts (e.g. Lau Pa Sat, Newton Food Centre) rather than actual restaurants. These centres are relatively abundant which often leads to low prices, and encourages a large consumer base.
Food in itself has been heavily promoted as an attraction for
There is also a proliferation of
Tourist events
See also
- Visa policy of Singapore
- Communications in Singapore
- Culture of Singapore
- History of Singapore
- History of the Republic of Singapore
- Landmark sites in Singapore
- Media of Singapore
- Singapore Tourism Board
- Transport in Singapore
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- ^ "Deferment of reclamation works at Pulau Ubin". Ministry of National Development, archived on Chek Jawa, National University of Singapore. 14 January 2002. Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^ Ling, Catherine (14 April 2010). "40 Singapore foods we can't live without". CNN. Archived from the original on 4 August 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
- ^ What's Happening in Singapore Archived 19 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine, VisitSingapore.com.
- ^ "Singapore confirms 2008 night race". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 11 May 2007.
- ^ "How Successful Were the New Singapore and Valencia Street Tracks? | Bleacher Report". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2009.
- ^ "Inaugural Youth Olympic Games will boost Singapore's tourism industry". Channel NewsAsia. 23 February 2008. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008. Retrieved 24 February 2008.
External links
- Library resources in your library and in other libraries about Tourism in Singapore
- Singapore Tourism Board
- VisitSingapore.com – The official destination website of Singapore