Zainuddin Makhdoom II

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Not to be confused with Zainuddin Makhdoom I.

Sheikh Ahmad Zainuddin Makhdoom
Born1531 (938
Tuhafat Ul Mujahideen
Notable workTuhfat Ul Mujahideen
TitleQadi of Chombal
PredecessorSheikh Muhammad Al Gazzali
Parent
  • Sheikh Muhammad Al Gazzali bin Sheikh Zainuddin bin Sheikh Ali bin Sheikh Ahmad Ma'bari (father)
FamilyMakhdoom
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Sheikh Ahmad Zainuddin Makhdoom bin Sheikh Muhammad Al Gazzali (Arabic: شيخ احمد زين الدين بن شيخ محمد غزالي المليباري; Ahmad Zayn al-Din ibn Muhammad al-Ghazāli al-Malibári), grandson of Sheikh Zainuddin Makhdoom I, was the writer, orator, historian,[1] jurisprudent and spiritual leader and widely known as Zainuddin Makhdoom Second[2] or Zaniudeen Makhdoom Al Sageer (زين الدين المخدوم الصغير) whose family originated from Yemen. He inherited the legacy of his grandfather and was installed as the Chief Qadi (judge) in the locality of Ponnani, Kerala, India, as well as appointed as the Chief Müderris (head teacher) in the historic Ponnani Dars at Ponnani Jum'ah Masjid,[3] that built by Zainuddin Makhdoom I.[4][5]

Early life

He was born to the Makdoom family in the early months of Hijra 938 (c. 1531 CE) at Chombala (Azhiyoor Panchayath, Calicut District, Kerala State, India) Near

Hadeeth and Fiqh
, Izzuddeen bin Abdul Azeez al Zamzami (عز الدين بن عبد العزيز الزمزمي), Shiekh Abdul Rahman bin Ziyad (شيخ عبد الرحمن بن زياد) and Sayyid Abdul Rahman Al Safwi (سيد عبد الرحمن الصفوي). He gained the
Tareeqath. Within a short period he was hailed as the Sheikh of Qadriya
Tareeqath.

In the field of service

After the decade-long stay in Makkah, he returned to Kerala and took charge as chief Mufti in the grand Masjid of Ponnani, a position he occupied for thirty-six years. A historian recorded that his mentor Ibn Hajar Hithami had come to Ponnani and stayed there for a short period. It is said that the famous lamp made of stone, presented by Ibn Hajar Hithami, is still kept in Ponnani Dars.[6]

As the freedom fighter

He did not limit himself to work as a cleric, but made many significant intervention in the political arena, keeping warm relations with the major political figures in that period. He lived during the regime of

golden age of Islam.[7][8]

Books by Makhdoom II

He was known for his unique command in writing in variety of subjects which includes jurisprudence, history, spirituality as well as other subjects which were distinct from other writers. The following table gives an overview of his works.

No Names in English Original Name Meaning of Titles Core Subject
1
Tuhfatul Mujahedeen Fi Bali Akhbar Ul Burthugaleen[9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
 تحفة المجاهدين في بعض اخبارالبرتغالين

[16][17]

Presentation for warriors on some news related to the Portuguese[18][19] History of Muslims in Kerala with special reference to the brutalities of the Portuguese invasion[20][21][22]
2 Historia dos Portugueses no Malabar[23]
3
Fathul Mueen Sherh Kurrathul Ain[24][25][26][27]
 فتح المعين شرح قرة العين Fathul Mueen the annotation on Kurrathul Ain Exemplary text on Jurisprudence based on the
Al Azhar, Egypt.[28]
4 Kurrathul Ain Bi Muhimmati Ddeen[29] قرة العين بمهمات الدين Special attention on the major religious issues Precise text on jurisprudence based on the Shafi school of thought
5 Irshadul Ibad Ila Sabeelil Rashad[30][31][32] ارشاد العباد الى سبيل الرشاد

[33]

Guidance for the slave to rectitude Spiritual text explaining the way to the Almighty
6 Ihkham Ahkam Nikah احكام احكام النكاح Consolidation on the laws related to marriage Precise explanation of the laws relating to marriage
7 Sharhu Swadr Fi Ahval ul Mautha شرح الصدور في احوال الموتى Widening of the chest in the context of the dead Spiritual text explaining the context of the afterworld; it was an annotation of the work done by Sooyoothi (السيوطي)
8 Ajvbathul Ajeebah An Asilathul Gareebah الاجوبة العجيبة عن الاسئلة الغريبة Wonderful answers for rare questions Collection of decrees issued on various issues
9 Fatawa Al Hindiyyat الفتاوى الهندية Indian decree Decree issued on the special context of southern Indian state of Kerala
10 Al Jawahir Fi Uqoobati Ahlil Kabair[34][35] الجواهر في عقوبة اهل الكبائر Gems on the consequence of the culprits Spiritual text explaining the consequences for criminals
11 Al Manhajul Vadih المنهج الواضح The obvious pattern Text explaining laws relating to marriage
12 Al-Isti'dād Lil-Mawt Wa-su'āl al-Qabr[36] الاستعداد للموت وسؤال القبر

Demise

He died of natural causes in 1583 and was laid to rest in Kunjhippalli (Near Mahe, Azhiyoor Grama panchayath, Calicut District, Kerala, India). His khabar lies under a tree in his native Chompala(Azhiyoor Panchayath).

References

  1. ^ Akbar, Ali (7 December 2012). "Makhdum II – a great Islamic scholar lost in history". Arabnews. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  2. ISBN 9781108424387
    . He is often referred to locally as 'Makhdum II'.
  3. ^ "Calicut University seminar on naval strategy". Deccan Chronicle. 16 July 2019. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  4. ^ "Ponnani Juma Masjid". Kerala Tourism. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  5. ^ "Cultural dialogue: Tracing Yemeni Ancestry through a Pazheri Identity". Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  6. ^ Dr. Ali Akbar (30 November 2012). "Makhdum II – a great Islamic scholar lost in history". Arab News. Riyadh: Arab News. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
  7. ^ Nadvi, Syed Ehtisham Ahmed Nadvi; Kutty, E. K. Ahmed (2003). Arabic in South India: Papers in Honour of Prof. S. E. A. Nadvi. Department of Arabic, University of Calicut.
  8. ^ TwoCircles.net. "Roots of the Mappila Revolt – TwoCircles.net". Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  9. ISSN 0971-751X
    . Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  10. ^ Kurup, K. K. N. (2015). "Sheikh zainudheen Makhdoom 2nd and thuhfatul Mujahideen الشيخ زين الدين المخدوم الثاني وكتاب تحفة المجاهدين". find.uoc.ac.in (in Malayalam). Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  11. ^ Makhdoom-II, Zainudhin (2014). "Thuhfatul mujahideen ( English, Malayalam& Hindi )". find.uoc.ac.in (in Malayalam). Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  12. OCLC 6830733
    .
  13. ^ "MDZ-Reader | Band | Tohfut-ul-mujahideen, an historical work in the Arabic language / Malībarī, Zain-ad-Dīn Ibn-ʿAbd-al-ʿAzīz al- | Tohfut-ul-mujahideen, an historical work in the Arabic language / Malībarī, Zain-ad-Dīn Ibn-ʿAbd-al-ʿAzīz al-". reader.digitale-sammlungen.de. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  14. ISBN 978-93-80829-02-9
    .
  15. OCLC 181084620
    .
  16. ^ "「Tuhfat ul mujahideen = Tribute to warriors」を図書館から検索。". カーリル (in Japanese). Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  17. ^ Malībārī, Zayn al-Dīn ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz; Kurup, K. K. N.; Ismail, E.; Abdul Kader, N. A. M.; Azami, Imran; Raṇṭattāṇi, Husain; Sunītā Bāya, Ela (2014). Tuhfat ul mujahideen = Tribute to warriors (in Japanese). National Mission for Manuscripts : co-published by Asila Offset Printers.
  18. OCLC 978443154
    .
  19. ^ "Tuhfat ul mujahideen - Webcat Plus". webcatplus.nii.ac.jp. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  20. OCLC 23177298
    .
  21. OCLC 1014364599
    .
  22. ^ Malībārī, Zayn al-Dīn ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz; Qādrī, Sayyid Shamsullāh; K̲h̲ān, Muḥamad Ḥabīburraḥmān (1942). اردو ترجمہ تحفة المجاہدین فی بعض اخبار البرتکالیین [یعنی البرتگالیین] (in Japanese). شروانی پرنٹنگ پریس.
  23. OCLC 978650321
    .
  24. OCLC 987456379
    .
  25. OCLC 950747175
    .
  26. OCLC 57219377
    .
  27. OCLC 24709093
    .
  28. ^ "About Author Zainuddin Makhdoom I". keralabookstore.com (in Malayalam). Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  29. OCLC 987452200
    .
  30. OCLC 780175595
    .
  31. ^ Ibn Saḥmān, al-Shaykh Sulaymān (1921–1922). Irshād al-ṭālib ilá ahamm al-maṭālib. Miṣr: Maṭbaʻat al-Manār.
  32. OCLC 51759430
    .
  33. ^ Malībārī, Zayn al-Dīn ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (1939). ارشاد العباد الى سبيل الرشاد ؛ وبهامشه مختصر جليل يتضمن أحاديث وأثارا ومواعظ تتعلق بالموت وما بعد (in Japanese) (الطبعة الأخيرة ed.). شركة مكتبة ومطبعة مصطفى البابي الحلبي وأولاده بمصر.
  34. OCLC 10515830
    .
  35. OCLC 61623595
    .
  36. OCLC 882494364
    .

Further reading
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