1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
First Sadr Uprisng
Date1979–1980
Location
Iraq
Result

Rebellion suppressed

  • Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and Amina Haydar al-Sadr executed.
Belligerents
Ba'athist Iraq Ba'athist Iraq Shi'ite rebels
Commanders and leaders
Saddam Hussein

Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr Executed

Amina al-Sadr  Executed

The 1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq, also known as the First Sadr Uprising, took place as a followup to the Iranian Revolution (1978–1979) in neighbouring Iran, as the Shia Iraqi clerics vowed to overthrow Ba'athist Iraq, dominated by (secular) Sunni Muslims - specifically the Saddam Hussein family. Saddam and his deputies believed that the riots had been inspired by the Iranian Revolution and instigated by Iran's government.[1] The riots erupted in May 1979 and escalated in June - leading to thousands being tortured and killed in Najaf. The uprising subsided with the April 1980 arrest of the leader of Shia Iraqis, Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and his subsequent execution.

History

Al-Sadr's works attracted the ire of the

Amina Sadr bint al-Huda
made a speech in the Imam Ali mosque in Najaf inviting the people to demonstrate. Many demonstrations were held, forcing the Baathists to release Al-Sadr who was placed under house arrest.

In 1979–1980, anti-Ba'ath riots arose in the Iraq's Shia areas by groups, who were working toward an Islamic revolution in their country.

better source needed] Community leaders, tribal heads, and hundreds of ordinary members of the public paid their allegiance to al-Sadr.[4] Protests then erupted in Baghdad and the predominantly Shiite provinces of the south in May 1979.[4] For nine days, protests against the regime unfolded, but were suppressed by the regime.[4] The cleric’s imprisonment led to another wave of protests in June after a seminal, powerful appeal from al-Sadr’s sister, Bint al-Huda. Further clashes unfolded between the security forces and protestors. Najaf was put under siege and thousands were tortured and executed.[4]

Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr was finally arrested on 5 April 1980 with his sister, Sayedah Bint al-Huda.[5] They had formed a powerful militant movement in opposition to Saddam Hussein's regime.[6]

On 9 April 1980, Al-Sadr and his sister were killed after being severely tortured by their Baathist captors.

Khomeini in Iran.[7]

Aftermath

Main articles:
Iran-Iraq War and 1999 Shia uprising in Iraq

The

Shiite cities such as Karbala, Nasiriyah, Kufa, Najaf, and Basra.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-1-78096-221-4
    .
  2. ^ a b c Al Asaad, Sondoss (9 April 2018). "38 Years After Saddam's Heinous Execution of the Phenomenal Philosopher Ayatollah Al-Sadr and his Sister". moderndiplomacy.eu. Modern Diplomacy. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  3. ISBN 978-1841763712
    .
  4. ^ a b c d e "Iraq's failed uprising after the 1979 Iranian revolution". 11 March 2019.
  5. ^ a b c Al Asaad, Sondoss (10 April 2018). "The ninth of April, the martyrdom of the Sadrs". tehrantimes.com. Tehran Times. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d Ramadani, Sami (24 August 2004). "There's more to Sadr than meets the eye". theguardian.com. The Guardian. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  7. ^
    JSTOR 164663
    .
  8. ^ a b Marlowe, Lara (6 January 2007). "Sectarianism laid bare". irishtimes.com. The Irish Times. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  9. ^ Esomba, Steve, Wall Streets Infected By Arab Spring, p. 5
  10. ^ Dan Murphy (27 April 2004). "Sadr the agitator: like father, like son". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  11. ^ Human Rights Watch, III. The al-Sadr Intifada of 1999, February 2005
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