Clan Bruce
Clan Bruce | |||
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Clann Brùs Seat Broomhall House | | ||
Historic seat | Lochmaben Castle Clackmannan Tower | ||
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Clan Bruce (
Origins
The surname
Both the English and Scots lines of the Brus/Bruce family demonstrably descend from Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale who came to England in 1106.[6][7] Robert de Brus was a companion-in-arms of Prince David, later David I of Scotland.[8] In 1124 he followed David north to reclaim his kingdom.[8] When a civil war broke out in England between Empress Matilda and her cousin, Stephen, David I of Scotland led a force into England.[8] However de Brus did not follow David and instead joined the English and at the Battle of the Standard in 1138 he took prisoner his own son, who was now Lord of the lands of Annandale.[8] Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale died on 11 May 1141 and was buried at Gysburn.[6]
Foundation of the royal line
The foundation for the Bruce royal claim came in 1219 when Robert Bruce, 4th Lord of Annandale married
Ascent to the throne
With the abdication of John Balliol, Scotland was effectively without a monarch.
were exempted from the lordships and lands which Edward assigned to his followers. Bruce, it seems, was seen as a man whose allegiance might still be won.Bruce and
In 1334 Thomas Bruce, who claimed kinship with the royal house of Bruce, organized a rising in the Kyle, along with Robert Stewart (later Robert II of Scotland) against the English.[8]
After Robert the Bruce
Robert the Bruce's son, David II of Scotland became king on his father's death in 1329. In 1346 under the terms of the Auld Alliance David marched south into England in the interests of France, but was defeated at the Battle of Neville's Cross and imprisoned on 17 October of that year, and remained in England for eleven years. David returned to Scotland after negotiation of a treaty and ruled there until he died in Edinburgh Castle unexpectedly in 1371 without issue. The line of succession passed to the House of Stewart.[6]
Sir Edward Bruce was made commendator of Kinloss Abbey, which included the Barony of Muirton, and was appointed a judge in 1597.[8] He was appointed a Lord of Parliament with the title of Lord Kinloss in 1601.[8] Edward Bruce accompanied James VI to claim his English throne in 1603.[8] As a result, he was subsequently appointed to English judicial office as Master of the Rolls.[8] He was granted the Barony of Kinloss as Lord Bruce of Kinloss in 1608.[8] In 1633 his son, Thomas, was created first Earl of Elgin.[8] When the fourth Earl died without issue, the title passed to the descendants of Sir George Bruce of Carnock, who already held the title Earl of Kincardine and in 1747 the Earldoms were united.[8]
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Clan Chief
The current Chief, Andrew Bruce, 11th Earl of Elgin, is prominent in Scottish affairs and is convener of the Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs.
Castles
Castles that have belonged to the Clan Bruce include:
- Fyvie Castle
- Airth Castle
- Muness Castle
- Thomaston Castle
- Culross Palace
- Clackmannan Tower
- Fingask Castle
- Kinross House
- Lochleven Castle
- Lochmaben Castle
- Turnberry Castle
See also
- Scottish Clan
- Earl of Elgin
- Earl of Kincardine
- Robert the Bruce
- Edward Bruce
- David Bruce
- Lord of Annandale
References
- docx). Sabhal Mòr Ostaig. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
- ^ Peter, David MacGregor (1856). The Baronage of Angus and Mearns: Comprising the Genealogy of Three Hundred and Sixty Families, Curious Anecdotes, Descriptions of Clan Tartans, Badges, Slogans, Armory, and Seats, Ancient Sculptures, etc. Being a Guide to the Tourist and Heraldic Artist. Edinburgh, Scotland: Oliver & Boyd, Tweedale Court. p. 265 "The family of Cowden is a cadet of that of Bruce of Airth".
- ^ "Clan Bruce".
- )
- ^ )
- ^ a b c d e Grant, James (1886). The Scottish Clans and Their Tartans. Edinburgh, Scotland: W. & A. K. Johnston Limited. p. 2.
- ISBN 978-1-84383-152-5.
- ^ ISBN 0-00-470547-5.
- ^ ISBN 0-00-470547-5.
Bibliography
- Blakely, Ruth Margaret (2005). The Brus family in England and Scotland, 1100–1295. Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-152-5.