Cross stitches

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the cross-shaped stitches. For the embroidery style called cross-stitch or counted cross stitch, see Cross-stitch.
Detail of cross stitch embroidery from Sweden.
Cross stitch sampler with alphabets, crowns, and coronets, 1760
Cross stitch in canvas work

Cross stitches in

Colonial America and Victorian England
.

Applications

Cross stitches were typical of 16th century

canvas work, falling out of fashion in favor of tent stitch toward the end of the century.[2] Canvas work in cross stitch became popular again in the mid-19th century with the Berlin wool work
craze.

Herringbone, fishbone, Van Dyke, and related crossed stitches are used in crewel embroidery, especially to add texture to stems, leaves, and similar objects. Basic cross stitch is used to fill backgrounds in Assisi work.

Cross stitch was widely used to mark household linens in the 18th and 19th centuries, and girls' skills in this essential task were demonstrated with elaborate

crowns and coronets sewn onto the linens of the nobility. Much of contemporary cross-stitch
embroidery derives from this tradition.

Variants

Common variants of cross stitch include:[3][4]

  • Basic cross stitch
  • Long-armed cross stitch
  • Double cross stitch
  • Italian cross stitch
  • Basket stitch
  • Leaf stitch
  • Herringbone stitch
  • Closed herringbone stitch
  • Tacked herringbone stitch
  • Threaded herringbone stitch
  • Tied herringbone stitch
  • Montenegrin stitch
  • Trellis stitch
  • Thorn stitch
  • Van Dyke stitch

The most famous are Italian cross embroidery, long arm cross embroidery, and Black Mountain embroidery.[5][6] Italian cross embroidery and Montenegrin embroidery are reversible, which means that the work looks the same on both sides.[7][8][9] These styles are a little different from regular cross stitch embroidery. These more intricate stitches are rarely used in traditional embroidery, but they are still used to recreate historical works of embroidery or by creative and adventurous embroiderers. Double cross embroidery, also known as Leviathan embroidery or Smyrna cross embroidery, combines cross embroidery vertically.

Berlin Woolwork and similar stitches petit point are reminiscent of the heavily brushed, luxurious styles of cross-stitch embroidery, and sometimes paper-printed diagrams are also used.[10]

Gallery

  • Basic cross stitch as worked in embroidery
    Basic cross stitch as worked in embroidery
  • Long-armed cross stitch
    Long-armed cross stitch
  • Double cross stitch
    Double cross stitch
  • Italian cross stitch
    Italian cross stitch
  • Basket stitch
    Basket stitch
  • Leaf stitch
    Leaf stitch
  • Herringbone stitch
    Herringbone stitch
  • Tacked herringbone stitch
    Tacked herringbone stitch
  • Tied herringbone stitch
    Tied herringbone stitch
  • Montenegrin stitch
    Montenegrin stitch
  • Thorn stitch
    Thorn stitch
  • Trellis stitch
    Trellis stitch
  • Van Dyke stitch
    Van Dyke stitch

See also

Notes

  1. ISBN 0-8212-2621-5
    , p. 181
  2. ISBN 1-85177-126-3
  3. ^ Gillow and Sentance: World Textiles, p. 180-183
  4. ISBN 0-89577-059-8
    , p. 38
  5. ^ "A Stitch in Time: Two-Sided Italian Cross-Stitch". pieceworkmagazine.com. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  6. ^ "Assisi Embroidery and Assisi Embroidery Patterns". www.needlepointers.com. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  7. ^ "Two-sided Italian cross stitch". rsnstitchbank.org. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  8. ^ "History of Cross-Stitch Embroidery". www.heartfuldiamonds.com. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  9. ^ "60+ different types of hand embroidery techniques". sewguide.com. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  10. ^ "Berlin woolwork". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-11-03.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to cross stitches.
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