Dai Jitao

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Dai Jitao
戴季陶
Zhang Boling
Personal details
Born	Dai Liangbi (1891-01-06)6 January 1891 Republic of China
Political party	Kuomintang
Spouse(s)	Niu Youheng Zhao Wenshu
Domestic partner(s)	Zhao Lingyi Michiko Tsubuchi Shigematsu Kaneko
Children	Dai Jiachang Tai An-kuo [zh] Chiang Wei-kuo

Dai Jitao or Tai Chi-t'ao (Chinese: 戴季陶; pinyin: Dài Jìtáo; January 6, 1891 – February 21, 1949) was a Chinese journalist, an early Kuomintang member, and the first head of the Examination Yuan of the Republic of China. He is often referred to as Dai Chuanxian (Chinese: 戴傳賢; Wade–Giles: Tai Ch'uan-hsien) or by his other courtesy name, Dai Xuantang (Chinese: 戴選堂; Wade–Giles: Tai Hsüan-t'ang).

Early life and education

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Dai was born Dai Liangbi (Chinese: 戴良弼; Wade–Giles: Tai Liang-pi) in Guanghan, Sichuan to a family of potters. He went to Japan in 1905 to study in a normal school and entered Nihon University's law program in 1907. He graduated and returned to China in 1909.

Writings

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Dai started to write for the Shanghaiese China Foreign Daily (中外日報) and Tianduo Newspaper (天鐸報) at 19. At this time, his sobriquet for himself was Dai Tianchou (天仇), or Heaven-Revenge Dai, to signify his dissatisfaction for the Qing Empire. The Qing officials threatened him with imprisonment for his writings, so in 1911 he fled to Japan, and then to Penang, where he joined Tongmenghui and wrote for its Guanghua Newspaper (光華報). Later that year, he returned to Shanghai after the Wuchang Uprising and founded the Democracy Newspaper (民權報).

Political career

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Dai's fluency in Japanese, unusual for a Chinese young man, attracted the attention of

He attended the first national congress of the Chinese Kuomintang in 1924, where he was elected a member of the Central Executive Committee, then later a member of the Standing Committee, and the Minister of Propaganda. Soon after Sun's death in 1925, he published a controversial book that reinterpreted Sun's legacy. He claimed Sun derived his ideology chiefly from

• State Councillor (國民政府國府委員)
• Director-General of Sun Yat-sen University (中山大學委員長)
• Member of Kuomintang Central Executive Committee (中央執行委員會委員): 1924
  • Member of Standing Committee (常務委員): 1924
• Minister of Information (宣傳部長): 1924
• President of the Academia Historica (國史館館長): unable to attend due to illness

Dai was one of the lyricists of "National Anthem of the Republic of China". He also wrote:

• The Fundamentals of the Principles of Sun Yat-sen (孫文主義之哲學基礎)
• The People's Revolution and Kuomintang (國民革命與中國國民黨)
• The Complete Book of Sun Yat-sen (孫中山全書)
• National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China (中華民國國旗歌)

Later years and death

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After

In 1949, with the Kuomintang losing the Chinese Civil War to the Chinese Communist Party, Dai committed suicide by swallowing over 70 sleeping pills in Guangzhou.

See also

• Dai Jitao Thought

Further reading

• Lu, Yan; Re-Understanding Japan (University of Hawaii Press, 2004) is an English-language study of Dai Jitao and three other Chinese intellectuals, in context of their contributions to 20th-century Sino-Japanese relations.