Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
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Ernest II | |
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Gotha , Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, Holy Roman Empire | |
Spouse | |
Issue |
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Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen |
Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (
Early life
Luise Dorothea was intensely worried about the training of her surviving sons, Ernest and her youngest son August, and had them educated by a select group of teachers. In 1768 and 1769, both princes went on an educational journey to the Netherlands, England and France, and Ernest met important people in politics, science and the arts.
Succession
In 1772 his father died, and Ernest inherited the duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. As a liberal and enlightened prince, he was interested in the arts and sciences and used his reign to further them. He promoted the educational system, the economy, theatre, art collections and libraries as well as the natural sciences in his duchy, which was thereby ranked in the top place of the Saxon duchies in Thuringia. Privately, he was particularly interested in astronomy and physics. He appointed competent specialists in all of these areas like the mechanic and clockmaker Johann Andreas Klindworth to whom he granted the title of court mechanic.[1]
For his special interests, he employed the services of the important astronomer
Freemasonry
From 1774 he was a Freemason in the Zinnendorf system and a member of the Gotha Lodge Zum Rautenkranz, which had been founded by Abel Seyler, Konrad Ekhof and other members of the Seyler Theatre Company in the same year. In 1775, he was appointed Grand Master of the Landesloge of Germany (Zinnendorf system). In 1783, he became a member of the Bavarian Illuminati under the name of Quintus Severus and/or Timoleon, and in 1784, he was made Supervisor of Abessinien (a name for Upper Saxony). In 1787, he granted Adam Weishaupt, the founder of the secret society, asylum in Gotha. He was buried wrapped in a white cloth on the park island.
Descendants
In Meiningen on 21 March 1769, Ernest married Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen, the half-first cousin of his mother. They had four sons:
- Ernest (b. Gotha, 27 February 1770 – d. Gotha, 3 December 1779).
- Emil Leopold August, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b. Gotha, 23 November 1772 – d. Gotha, 27 May 1822), known as Augustus.
- Frederick IV, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b. Gotha, 28 November 1774 – d. Gotha, 11 February 1825).
- Ludwig (b. Gotha, 21 October 1777 – d. Gotha, 26 October 1777).
Ancestors
Ancestors of Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg Ernst Ludwig I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen | | ||||||||||||
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13. Marie Hedwig of Hesse-Darmstadt | |||||||||||||
3. Princess Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen | |||||||||||||
14. Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (= 8) | |||||||||||||
7. Dorothea Marie of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg | |||||||||||||
15. Magdalena Sibylla of Saxe-Weissenfels (= 9) | |||||||||||||
References
- ISBN 3-446-11971-X.
- ^ Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 103.