Hajipur
Hajipur | ||
---|---|---|
Precipitation 993 millimetres (39.1 in) | | |
Avg. annual temperature | 25.8 °C (78.4 °F) | |
Website | vaishali |
Hajipur (/ˈhɑːdʒɪpʊər/ HAH-jip-oor,[8] Hindi: [ˈɦaːdʒiːpʊr] ) is the headquarters and largest city of Vaishali district of the state of Bihar in India. Hajipur is the 16th most populous city of Bihar, besides being the second-fastest developing city, next to Patna. It had a total population of 1.47 lakh as per census 2011.[9] Vaishali district is ranked 8th among 38 districts in Bihar in terms of growth.[10][11]
The city is known for cultivating Bananas.
The area of Hajipur city is spread across 19.64 km2 (7.58 sq mi). The city is divided into 39 Wards. Hajipur is the only twin city of Patna and lies nearest to the capital and shares most of its government works, headquarters, educational institutions. Being another district headquarters, it is equal to the capital in terms of powers.[22][23]
Etymology
The founder of Hajipur, Haji Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah's tomb is now called as Haji-Pir and the name of the headquarters of Vaishali district, "Hajipur" emerged from the same word.[24][4][25]
History
In ancient times, Hajipur was known as Ukkacala
In
Geography and climate
Hajipur is the headquarters of Vaishali after its separation from Muzaffarpur district on 12 October 1972. It is located at 25°41′N 85°13′E / 25.69°N 85.22°E.[30] It has an average elevation of 46 metres (150 ft). Hajipur is located 10 km from Patna, transversely on the sacred river Ganga and is budding as one of the foremost profit-making and manufacturing region of the state.[31][21]
Hajipur city is bounded by the Gandak river in the west and the holy Ganges in the south. A good network of rail, road, and water transport exists in the city, connecting it with other parts of the district as well as state and country. Mahatma Gandhi Setu (5,575 m long, prestressed box culvert type RCC bridge) over river Ganges connects it with Patna,[32] the state capital, while another rail and road bridge over Gandak connects it with Sonepur.[33]
Hajipur subdivision became home to the
Climate
The plain terrain of the city and its nearby area is famous for banana, litchi, and mango plantations. The region looks green with plants and trees growing in a semi-tropical monsoon climate. However, the months of May–June is hot, and December–January is cold.[36]
Köppen and Geiger classifies the location as Csa. The average temperature is 25.8 °C; the hottest month being May with an average temperature of 32.2 °C and the coldest month being January with an average temperature of 17.1 °C. The average temperatures vary by 15.1 °C in a year. The average annual rainfall is 993 mm. The driest month is December, with an average precipitation of 3 mm and the wettest month is July with an average precipitation of 266 mm.[37]
The table below details historical monthly averages for climate variables—
Climate data for Hajipur | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) |
26.3 (79.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
33.8 (92.8) |
38.6 (101.5) |
36.4 (97.5) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
28.8 (83.8) |
24.9 (76.8) |
31.2 (88.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 17.1 (62.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
28.3 (82.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.6 (88.9) |
29.6 (85.3) |
29.4 (84.9) |
29.1 (84.4) |
27.2 (81.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
25.8 (78.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.7 (51.3) |
13.0 (55.4) |
18.1 (64.6) |
22.9 (73.2) |
25.9 (78.6) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.1 (79.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
15.7 (60.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
20.5 (69.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 15 (0.6) |
6 (0.2) |
5 (0.2) |
8 (0.3) |
27 (1.1) |
137 (5.4) |
266 (10.5) |
259 (10.2) |
195 (7.7) |
66 (2.6) |
6 (0.2) |
3 (0.1) |
993 (39.1) |
Source: Climate table (average high and low) and average precipitation[37] |
Demographics, languages, and religion
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1901 | 21,398 | — |
1911 | 19,233 | −10.1% |
1921 | 16,760 | −12.9% |
1931 | 19,299 | +15.1% |
1941 | 21,963 | +13.8% |
1951 | 25,149 | +14.5% |
1961 | 34,044 | +35.4% |
1971 | 41,890 | +23.0% |
1981 | 62,520 | +49.2% |
1991 | 87,687 | +40.3% |
2001 | 119,412 | +36.2% |
2011 | 147,688 | +23.7% |
Population history of Hajipur (1901-2011). Source: [38] |
Residents of Hajipur are referred to by the demonym Hajipurian. Hindi is the main language of the city, also the official language of the Bihar state but many other languages are spoken too. The native dialect is Maithili, named after Mithila, the ancient name of North Bihar is most widely spoken. English is also spoken by Hajipurians, and other widely spoken dialects and languages include Maithili, Bajjika, Urdu and Angika.[40][6]
Economy
The economy of Hajipur is largely service orientated, but it also has an agricultural base and industrial sector. As of 2011, service accounts for 55%, industry 9%, and agriculture 35% of the economy of the city.[41][42]
There is a dedicated industrial area in Hajipur apart from Export Promotion Park of India, Hajipur—(EPIP), maintained by Bihar Industrial Area Development Authority—(BIADA)[43] in an area of 150 acres where many Big Brands of FMCG & Agro-based companies like Pepsico, Britannia, HUL, Godrej, Anmol, Sudha, Wayss Ice Cream, Bansal, Treat, Avon Cycle, etc. have their manufacturing units. There are several upcoming construction projects from private and public sectors with three new bridges connecting to Patna.[44][45] The Export Promotion Industrial Park, is a multiple-product export processing zone in East India developed by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the Government of Bihar and by the administrative body BIADA located in Hajipur, In the administrative Vaishali district, has 94 acres (38 ha; 0.147 sq mi) of land with modern infrastructure.[46][47]
Places of interest
Ramchaura Mandir
The Ramchaura Mandir is a Hindu Temple in the city of Hajipur, Bihar. Dedicated to Lord Ram. As per local folklore, it is said to have been in existence since the Ramayana period and Shri Ram is believed to have visited this place on his way to Janakpur, where his footprints are worshiped.[48] The Ramchaura Mandir has a tradition of celebrating Rama Navami, on the birth anniversary of Shri Rama. A small fair is also organised on the eve of Rama Navami. Archeological objects excavated from Ramchaura are kept at the Patna Museum.[49][50]
Pataleshwar Mandir
Dedicated to Lord Shiva, Pataleshwar Mandir is located at Hajipur. Since, the ancient period Shiva is believed to be in the form of Lingam here. The worship of the Shiva-Linga originated from the famous hymn in the Atharva-Veda Samhita sung in praise of the Yupa-Stambha.[51]
Kaunhaara Ghat
It is considered one of the main ghats of Ganga—Gandak, where worshiping and cremation has been performed for centuries. This ghat received its name based on an ancient legend. According to this legend, "The famous fight of Gaja (elephant)-Graah (crocodile), which is well covered in Indian scriptures, is the reason behind people asking -kaun haara. Hence the name- Kaunhara ghat. Scriptures tell that Lord Vishnu had to interfere in the fight to save his devotee Gajaraj, who was being drowned by a crocodile. Both Gaja and Graah were gandharvas. But due to some curse, they became Gaja and Graah. Lord Vishnu killed Graah to give him instant salvation, and saved the life Of Gajaraj." The depiction of fighting Gaja—Graah is an emblem for the city and is prominently shown on the Hajipur railway station's dome and other notable places.[52]
Jami Masjid
Jami Masjid is one of the states' oldest mosques erected in 1587 AD during the Mughal rule by Makhsus Shah, the contemporary governor of Bihar Sharif according to
Sonepur Cattle Fair
Located opposite Hajipur is a place of Sonepur where the forty-night-long
Vaishali Mahotsava
The ancient village of
Museums
Deep Narayan Singh Museum[66] was established in 1979.[67]
Education
Research and management
- Institute of Hotel Management, Catering Technology & Applied Nutrition (IHMCT&AN)[68] under the aegis of Govt. of India and Department of Tourism, Govt. of Bihar
- NIPER)[69] is an Indian public Pharmacy research university, under India's Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
- CIPET)[70] under the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India.
Colleges
Schools
Schools in Hajipur are either government run schools or private schools . The schools are affiliated to
Notable people
Freedom Fighter
Sports Person
- Kavita Roy (Former ODI Cricketer)
- Pramod Bhagat[90] (Para-badminton Player)
Writer
Politicians
- Ajay Nishad
- Awadhesh Singh[93]
- Bashistha Narain Singh[94]
- Brishin Patel
- Deep Narayan Singh (2nd CM of Bihar)
- Digvijay Narain Singh
- Nityanand Rai[95]
- Pashupati Kumar Paras
- Raghuvansh Prasad Singh[96]
- Rajeshwara Patel
- Ram Ratan Ram
- Ram Sundar Das (15th CM of Bihar)
- Ram Vilas Paswan[97]
- Ritu Jaiswal[98]
- Valmiki Choudhary
- Chirag Paswan
Sports
- Akshaywat Rai Stadium[99]
- Basawan Singh Stadium is a public indoor stadium[100][101] inviting quotation for planning and development under Information & Public relation department, Government of Bihar.
Transport and connectivity
Hajipur city has a modern railway zonal office.
Asia's longest river bridge, the Mahatma Gandhi Setu (built 1982), is in Hajipur and connects the city to Patna across the Ganga.[111] The four lane prestressed RCC bridge was commissioned into service during the year 1982. Travellers get an enthralling experience and panoramic view of lush green banana plantations.[112][113]
The city is primarily served by
- which is just 21.2 km (13.2 miles) SW or an hour drive from Hajipur.Hajipur is connected to other parts of India through national and state highways. Hajipur is well connected with roads to various major cities of Bihar like Patna, Sonpur, Vaishali, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, and Chhapra. The major highways are-
- NH 22 connects Hajipur to Sonbarsa (Nepal border) via Muzaffarpur and Sitamarhi
- NH 322 Starts from Hajipur to Musrigharari (Samastipur) via Jandaha
- SH 74 connects Hajipur to Lalganj, Vaishali.[117]
- SH 49 connects Hajipur to Mahua, Tajpur, Samastipur
- Mohiuddinagar
- Kacchi Dargah–Bidupur Bridge is a big project of Bihar. The chief minister of Bihar Nitish Kumar announced it on 23 August 2015. This bridge will be connecting two major national highways.[118] This bridge will be the longest bridge in India after completion.[119]
Media
Hindi and English newspapers are easily available in the city, including Dainik Jagran, Hindustan, Prabhat Khabar, Dainik Bhaskar, The Times of India, Hindustan Times, The Hindu, The Economic Times and The Indian Express. There is also the Hindi and English mixed newspaper tabloid Inext.[120][121][122]
TV programming is provided by regional news channels like
Hajipur has the following FM radio stations—
- AIR FM Rainbow 101.6 FM[127]
- Vividh Bharati Patna (All India Radio) is broadcast on 102.5 FM.[128]
Private FM stations (Patna)
No. | Name | Frequency | Language |
---|---|---|---|
01 | Radio City | 91.1 FM | Hindi |
02 | Red FM |
93.5 FM | Hindi |
03 | Big FM |
95.0 FM | Hindi & Bhojpuri |
04 | Radio Mirchi | 98.3 FM | Hindi |
Utility services
Electricity supply to the city is regulated and distributed by the Bihar State Power Holding Company Limited.[129] The city gets electricity from North Bihar Power Distribution Company Limited which is controlled by Bihar State Electricity Board.[130][131][132]
Direct–to–home (DTH) is available via
Hajipur has its own home network of the
See also
- Hajipur Junction railway station
- Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)
- Hajipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
- List of villages in Hajipur block
- Hajipur (community development block)
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Further reading
- Thakur, Baleshwar (1980). "Urban Settlements in Eastern India".
- Lewis Sydney Steward O'Malley, ed. (1924). Bihar And Orissa District Gazetteers Patna. Concept Publishing Company. p. 256. ISBN 9788172681210.
- Kumar, Dilip (1986). Archaeology of Vaishali. Ramanand Vidya Bhawan.
- Singer, Noel.F. (2008). Vaishali and the Indianization of Arakan. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-313-0405-1.
External links
- Geographic data related to Hajipur at OpenStreetMap
- Official website of Vaishali District