Hastinapur

Coordinates: 29°10′N 78°01′E / 29.17°N 78.02°E / 29.17; 78.02
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Hastinapur
Town
UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
250404
Vehicle registrationUP-15

Hastinapur is a city in the

Ganga
river.

Etymology

In Sanskrit, Hastinapura translates to 'the City of Elephants' from Hastina (elephant) and pura (city). Its history dates back to the period of Mahabharata.[1] It is said that the city was named after King Hasti.[2]

It is also mentioned in the Ramayana , the 13th and 14th verses of which say (translated):

"Having crossed Ganga River at Hastinapura, they proceeded towards the west and, reaching Panchala kingdom through Kuru Jangala and observing well-filled lakes and rivers with clear water, the messengers mentioned above went briskly, due to the pressing nature of their mission."

— Valmiki, Ramayana

History

The early archaeological remains of the region belong to

Vedic Period.[3]

In the Mahabharata, Hastinapur is portrayed as the capital of the

Gandhari, the wife of King Dhritarashtra. On the bank of the Budhi Ganga, two places near Hastinapur (Draupadi Ghat[4] and Karna Ghat
) reference Mahabharata personages.

Balarama pulling Hastinapur toward the Ganges, shown on a page from a "Bhagavata Dasamskanda" series

The first reference to Hastinapur in the

Emperor Bharata's
kingdom.

Tirthankars
in lotus position excavated in Hastinapur

Excavations at Hastinapur were carried out in the early 1950s by

Painted Grey Ware concerning other known ceramic industries of the early historical period, Lal found correlations between the text of the Mahabharata and the material remains that he unearthed at Hastinapur. This led him to historicize some of the traditions mentioned in the Mahabharata as well as link the appearance of the Painted Grey Ware with Aryans in the upper Ganges basin areas.[5]

Hastinapur is listed in the

Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak describes it "an ancient Hindu settlement" lying on the Ganges.[6]

During British India, Hastinapur was ruled by

Raja Nain Singh Nagar, who built many Hindu temples in and around Hastinapura.[7]

Geography and climate

Present-day Hastinapur is a town in the Doab region of Uttar Pradesh in India, about 37 kilometres (23 mi) from Meerut and nearly 96 km (60 mi) north-east of Delhi on National Highway 34.[8] It is a small township re-established by Jawaharlal Nehru on February 6, 1949, located at 29°10′N 78°01′E / 29.17°N 78.02°E / 29.17; 78.02.[9] With an average elevation of 218 metres (715 ft), Hastinapur experiences temperatures ranging from 5 to 40 °C (41 to 104 °F). Summer season is from March to May, during which the temperatures range from 32 to 40 °C (90 to 104 °F). The monsoon season is from July to September, during which the temperature is relatively low. Winter lasts from December to February, with December usually being the coldest month of the year. During this time, temperatures can drop to around 5 °C (41 °F) and don't usually go above 14 °C (57 °F).[10]

Demographics

According to the

2011 Census of India, Hastinapur Nagar Panchayat had a population of 26,452, of which 14,010 are males while 12,442 are females. The literacy rate of the town was 74.5% slightly higher than the national average of 74%. Around 14% of the population was under 6 years of age.[11][12]

Places of interest

Located on the banks of an old ravine of the Ganges, Hastinapur is considered one of the holiest places for both

Shri Digamber, Jain Mandir, Jambudweep, Kailash Parvat, and Shwetambar Jain Temple.[13][14]

Temples and monuments

Digamber Jain Bada Mandir Hastinapur

Digamber Jain Bada Mandir Hastinapur
Main article: Digamber Jain Bada Mandir Hastinapur

Digamber Jain Gurukul, and a Udaseen Ashram. Several tourist attractions including Jal Mandir, Jain Library, Acharya Vidyanand Museum, 24 Tonks, and the ancient Nishiyajis are situated few kilometres from the main temple.[18]

Shri Shwetambar Jain Ashtapad Teerth

Ashtapad

Shri Ashtapad Teerth was built under the aegis of Shri Hastinapur Jain Shwetambar Teerth Trust. It is a 46-metre-high (151 ft) structure dedicated to first tirthankara

Rishabhnath.[19]

Kailash Parvat Rachna

Kailash Parvat is a 40-metre-high (131 ft) structure, constructed under the aegis of Shri Digamber Jain Mandir, Hastinapur. The Kailash Parvat premises are home to several Jain temples, including Yatri Niwas and Bhojanshala. Kailash Parvat also has an auditorium and a helipad on the premises.[20][21]

Jambudweep Jain Tirth

Jambudweep
Main article: Jambudweep

Gyanmati Mataji in 1985.[22]

Pandeshwar Temple

Situated in the historic location of the ancient city of Hastinapur, the Pandeshwar temple is dedicated to Shiva. This temple is believed to be the place where Kauravas and Pandavas received their education in Vedas and Puranas.[citation needed] A temple of the Hindu goddess Kali and many Hindu ashramas are also present on a hillock between the ruins. Legend has it that in the Mahabharata period, Pandu's eldest son Yudhishthira had established the shivalinga at the Pandeshwar Mahadev temple before the war of Mahabharata and prayed to Shiva for a blessing of winning the war.[23]

Karna Temple

Karneshwar Mandir

The Karna Temple is located near the Pandeshwar temple on an old ravine along the bank of the

Shivling inside the Karna Temple is believed to be established by Karna, one of the prominent figures in the Mahabharata.[24]

Bhai Dharam Singh Gurdwara

This is a small Gurdwara located in the village of Saifpur, around 2.5 km (1.6 mi) from Hastinapur.[25][26]

Hastinapur Sanctuary

Migratory birds at Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary

Jyotiba Phule Nagar in Uttar Pradesh. It is a sprawling forest, occupying an area of nearly 2,073 square kilometres (800 sq mi).[27][28]

Festivals and fairs

Various cultural events and religious celebrations are held in Hastinapur annually, including

Kartik Mela, Holi Mela, and Durga Puja. These festivals, among others, are organized by non-government organizations (NGOs) and the State Tourism Department
.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Uttar Pradesh - History". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  2. ISBN 978-81-269-0615-4
    . Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  3. ISBN 9788131711200
    .
  4. ^ "Excavation Sites in Uttar Pradesh - Archaeological Survey of India". asi.nic.in.
  5. ^ "Excavation Sites in Uttar Pradesh - Archaeological Survey of India". asi.nic.in. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  6. ^ The Ain-i-Akbari, Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1891, p. 288, retrieved 21 January 2021
  7. JSTOR 3517758
    .
  8. ^ "Distance Hastināpur, Uttar-Pradesh, IND > New-Seema-Puri, New-Delhi, North-East, Delhi, IND - Air line, driving route, midpoint". www.distance.to.
  9. ^ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Hastinapur, India". fallingrain.com. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  10. ^ "Hastinapur Weather Forecast". WorldWeatherOnline.com.
  11. ^ "Hastinapur Nagar Panchayat City Population Census 2011-2023 | Uttar Pradesh". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  12. ^ "Hastinapur (Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  13. ^ "महाभारत सर्किट: जितनी ऊपर, उससे कहीं ज्यादा जमीन के नीचे है हस्तिनापुर की वैभवशाली गौरवगाथा". Amar Ujala (in Hindi).
  14. ^ "Hastinapur | Meerut | UP Tourism". uttarpradesh.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  15. ^ "Major Attractions | Meerut Development Authority".
  16. ^ "Digambar Jain temple Shri Hastinapur". Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  17. ISBN 978-1606061480. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help
    )
  18. ^ "Welcome to UP Tourism-Official Website of Department of Tourism, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India | Hastinapur". www.uptourism.gov.in.
  19. ^ "HereNow4U.net :: Article Archive - The 151-Foot High Ashtapad Teerth in Hastinapur". HereNow4u: Portal on Jainism and next level consciousness. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  20. ^ "Home". bhaktibharat.com. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  21. ^ "WWW.JAINHERITAGECENTRES.COM > Jainism In India > Uttar Pradesh > Hastinapur > Kailash parvat Mandir". jainheritagecentres.com. January 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  22. ^ "Home". jambudweep.org. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  23. ^ "Yudhishthira had established the shivalinga". timesofindia.
  24. ^ "Work on Mahabharat Circuit to start soon". The Hindu. 25 January 2006. Archived from the original on 23 March 2006. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  25. ^ "Bhai Dharam Sing Gurdwara - Hastinapur - Bhai Dharam Sing Gurdwara Photos, Sightseeing - Native Planet". nativeplanet.com. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  26. ^ "Official Website Of Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation Ltd". upstdc.co.in. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
  27. ^ "Hastinapur sanctuary". The Hindu. 9 December 2006. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  28. ^ "Hastinapur Sanctuary". indiatravelfaq.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2015.

Further reading

External links

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