Joginder Singh Dhillon

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Joginder Singh Dhillon
Lieutenant-General
Service numberIC-177
Unit
AwardsPadma Bhushan

Lieutenant General Joginder Singh Dhillon (19 November 1914–20 November 2003) was an Indian military officer and the first recipient from the military to be awarded India's third highest civilian award, the Padma Bhushan, for his role in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, where he was the general officer commanding the XI corps.

Career

Dhillon served overseas in the British Indian Army after his 1939 graduation with honours from

Sourabaya.[1]

From 1946 to 1947, Dhillon served as a staff officer in the Engineer-in-Chief's Office and then returned to Quetta as a garrison engineer. He was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in late 1947, becoming GSO1 in the Engineer-in-Chief Branch from October 1947 to February 1948, before being put in charge of the regimental centre of the

Bengal Sappers in Roorkee. This centre was soon to become a part of the newly-created Pakistan and thus there were significant administrative preparations during his time there. Among his significant changes, other than those related to the forthcoming split with Pakistan, were measures to end caste-ist practices and to encourage joint celebration by Sikhs and Hindus of their respective significant religious days.[1]

Jawaharlal Nehru visited the Roorkee centre in 1949 and was so impressed that he asked for Dhillon to command the first Republic Day Parade held in Delhi in 1950.[1] On 6 December 1949, by then a major (temporary lieutenant-colonel and acting colonel) Dhillon was promoted to acting brigadier and given command of a brigade.[2]

Dhillon then commanded two infantry brigades and also served as director of technical development and director of weapons and equipment at army headquarters before being promoted to major general in 1957. As major general, he was selected to attend a course at

National Defence College. In August 1960, he was given command of a division, and then he became Deputy Chief of General Staff at Army headquarters when he was promoted to GOC, XI corps in Punjab.[1] He was promoted to substantive lieutenant-general on 17 January 1964.[3]

Role in the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War

Dhillon, as commander of XI Corps, was responsible for the Punjab sector during the 1965 India-Pakistan War. He is credited in producing and conducting the battle plan that destroyed or captured over 100 superior Pakistani battle tanks, turning a potentially dangerous defeat into victory, as the Pakistani tanks were poised to head for the

Beas Bridge and then on to Delhi.[1]

Indian Express, who spent time on the frontlines, wrote:

I was fortunate to spend some time with Lt General J.S. Dhillon, the corps commander in this sector, and to note and understand how greatly the spirit of all, from jawans to divisional commanders, depends on the calibre of the corps commander. Jogi Dhillon is an enthusiastic, intelligent soldier with a physical vigour, drive and combativeness which enable him to be extraordinarily mobile over his wide command and an inspiring presence and example to his officers and men.[1]

Dhillon was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1966[1] for his role in the 1965 war, becoming the first Army officer to receive the award.[4] The citation given for the award was as follows:

In this Sector, the enemy launched repeated counter-attacks and the conduct of day to day operations called for great tenacity, strong determination and robust mind. Lieutenant General Dhillon displayed all these qualities in abundance and the success achieved by his Corps was to a great extent due to the personality of the General officer.[5]

Following the war, Dhillon was promoted to Army Commander of the Central Command, from where he retired on 4 August 1970.[1]

Personal life

Dhillon was married for 62 years to his wife Minnie, who survived him after his death, aged 89, on 20 November 2003. They had three daughters.[1]

Dates of rank

Insignia Rank Component Date of rank
Second Lieutenant British Indian Army 1 February 1936[6]
Lieutenant British Indian Army 15 April 1938[6]
Captain British Indian Army 1940 (acting)
1 December 1940 (temporary)[6]
23 August 1942 (war-substantive)[6]
3 February 1943 (substantive)[6]
Major British Indian Army 1 December 1940 (acting)[6]
23 August 1942 (temporary)[6]
Captain Indian Army 15 August 1947[note 1][7]
Lieutenant-Colonel Indian Army September 1947 (temporary)[note 1]
Major Indian Army 1948 (substantive)[note 1]
Colonel Indian Army 1949 (acting)[note 1][2]
Brigadier Indian Army 6 December 1949 (acting)[note 1][2]
Major Indian Army 26 January 1950 (recommissioning and change in insignia)[7]
Lieutenant-Colonel
 Indian Army 3 February 1953[8]
Colonel Indian Army 3 February 1957[9]
Brigadier Indian Army 1953 (acting)[8]
3 February 1958 (substantive)[10]
Major General Indian Army 15 January 1958 (acting)[11]
1 June 1960 (substantive)[12]
Lieutenant-General
 Indian Army 23 November 1963 (acting)[13]
17 January 1964 (substantive)[3]

Notes

  1. ^
    Ashoka Lion
    replaced the crown, with a five-pointed star being substituted for the "pip."


References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Singh, Patwant (19 December 2003). "Last salute to the lion of 1965". The Indian Express. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  2. ^ a b c "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 28 January 1950. p. 158.
  3. ^ a b "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 2 May 1964. p. 176.
  4. ^ "Unique Achievements". Bengal Sappers Officers Association. Archived from the original on 15 September 2008.
  5. ^ "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Indian Army List Special Edition for August 1947. Government of India Press. 1947. pp. 205E.
  7. ^ a b "New Designs of Crests and Badges in the Services" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2017.
  8. ^ a b "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 1 November 1952. p. 240.
  9. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 22 September 1956. p. 184.
  10. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 5 April 1958. p. 80.
  11. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 15 February 1958. p. 35.
  12. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 16 September 1961. p. 245.
  13. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 1 February 1964. p. 33.
Military offices
Preceded by
General Officer Commanding XI Corps

1963–1966 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Central Command

1966–1970
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