List of political entities in the 5th century BC

The development of states—large-scale, populous, politically centralized, and socially stratified polities/societies governed by powerful rulers—marks one of the major milestones in the evolution of human societies. Archaeologists often distinguish between primary (or pristine) states and secondary states. Primary states evolved independently through largely internal developmental processes rather than through the influence of any other pre-existing state. The earliest known primary states appeared in

feudal or imperial autocrats, or de facto independent nations or tribal confederations. This is a list of sovereign states

that existed between 500 BC and 401 BC.

Sovereign states

Sovereign state	Years
Achaemenid Empire	550 - 330 BC
Adena culture	1000 - 200 BC
Ammon	c. 10th century - 332 BC
Anga	1380 - 550 BC
Athens	510 - 322 BC
Avanti	900 - 322 BC
Bithynia	297 - 74 BC
Cappadocia	320 BC - 17 AD
Carthaginian Empire	650 - 146 BC
Chavín culture	900 - 200 BC
Chedi	600 - 300 BC
Chen	855 - 479 BC
Chera Kingdom	5th century BC - 1102 AD
Chola	2645 BC - 1279 AD
Chorrera	1800 - 300 BC
Chu	1030 - 223 BC
Colchis	1300 - 2nd century AD
Corinth	700 - 338 BC
Cyrene	631 - 525 BC
Dʿmt	c. 980 - c. 400 BC
Dardanian Kingdom	c.448 BC - 28 BC
Edom	1200 - 125 BC
Gandhara	800 BC - 500 AD
Gojoseon	2333 - 108 BC
Han	403 - 230 BC
Kalinga	1376 - 285 BC
Kamboja	1450 - 195 BC
Kasi	600 - 345 BC
Kikata	2000 - 1700 BC
Kosala	1000 - 266 BC
Kuru	1376 - 285 BC
Kush	1070 BC - 350 AD
Lu	856 - 256 BC
Lycaonia	8th century - 200 BC
Macedonia	8th century - 146 BC
Mahajanapadas	600 - 345 BC
Malla Republics	c. 7th century BCE - c. 4th century BCE
Mannai	1110 - 616 BC
Maya civilization	2000 BC - 900 AD
Minaea	580 - 85 BC
Moab	1300 - 400 BC
Mysia	1320 - 301 BC
Nanda Empire	424 - 321 BC
Olmec	1400 - 400 BC
Panchala	700 - 323 BC
Pandya	1350 - 460 BC
Paphlagonia	1480 - 183 BC
Paracas culture	600 - 175 BC
Pisidia	8000 BC - 11th century AD
Qi	1046 - 241 BC
Qin	845 - 221 BC
Roman Republic	509 - 27 BC
Saba	12th/8th century BC - 275 AD
Scythia	8th century BC - 2nd century AD
Sparta	11th century - 195 BC
Surasena	1000 - 323 BC
Ta Netjeru/Land of Punt	2400 - 1069 BC
Thebes	3200 - 30 BC
Vajjika League	c. 7th century BCE - c. 468 BC
Văn Lang	2879 - 258 BC
Vatsa	1100 - 323 BC
Wei	403 - 225 BC
Yan	865 - 222 BC
Zapotec civilization	700 BC - 1521 AD
Zheng	806 - 375 BC
Zhou	1045 - 256 BC

References

^ Stein, Gil J (2001). Understanding Ancient State Societies in the Old World. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press. pp. 353–379.

[1] Stein, Gil J (2001). Understanding Ancient State Societies in the Old World. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press. pp. 353–379.

List of political entities in the 5th century BC
Preceded by 6th century BC	Sovereign states of the 5th century BC	Succeeded by 4th century BC

Sovereign states

See also

References