Superdiamagnetism

${\displaystyle \chi _{\rm {V}}}$ = −1) and the exclusion of the interior

Superdiamagnetism established that the superconductivity of a material was a stage of phase transition. Superconducting magnetic levitation is due to superdiamagnetism, which repels a permanent magnet which approaches the superconductor, and flux pinning, which prevents the magnet floating away.

Superdiamagnetism is a feature of superconductivity. It was identified in 1933, by Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld, but it is considered distinct from the Meissner effect which occurs when the superconductivity first forms, and involves the exclusion of magnetic fields that already penetrate the object.

Theory

• Superfluidity
• Timeline of low-temperature technology

References

• Shachtman, Tom, Absolute Zero: And the Conquest of Cold. Houghton Mifflin Company, December 1999.
  ISBN 0-395-93888-0